question

What does the term "menarche" refer to?

answer

A girl's first menstrual period

question

Puberty usually lasts ______ years.

answer

3-5

question

Puberty begins with a hormonal signal from the __________ to the _________.

answer

ovaries; testicles

question

For both boys and girls, early puberty correlates with:

answer

early sexual activity

question

The hormone that affects appetite and is believed to affect the onset of puberty is:

answer

leptin

question

Living in a stressful environment has been found to:

answer

result in earlier puberty.

question

About ____ of adult bone mass is acquired between the ages of 10 and 20.

answer

half

question

Which of the following is a symptom of bulimia nervosa?

answer

A) Binging and purging at least once a week for three months B) An uncontrollable urge to overeat. C) A distorted body image. D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All

question

The last part(s) of the adolescent body to be fully formed is (are) the:

answer

torso

question

Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic?

answer

maturation of the testes

question

Teenage girls are more susceptible to sexually transmitted infections than mature women are because:

answer

fully developed women have some natural biological defenses against STIs.

question

What is the most frequently reported sexually transmitted infection?

answer

chlamydia

question

Why do emotions rule behavior for many teens?

answer

A) The onset of puberty is earlier B) The amygdala matures before the prefrontal cortex does C) The complexities of emotional restraint are beyond them D) All of these answers are correct. Answer D All

question

The sex glands in a female are called ______, and the sex glands in a male are called ______.

answer

ovaries; testicles.

question

The years of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that ends childhood is called:

answer

puberty

question

The first VISIBLE sign of puberty in boys is:

answer

growth of the testes.

question

An organic chemical substance produced in the body and conveyed via the bloodstream is called a:

answer

hormone

question

Which of the following is another name for the sex glands?

answer

gonads

question

At adolescence, the gonads increase the production of sex hormones: ___________ in girls and __________ in boys.

answer

estradiol; testosterone

question

Sexual development before age 8 is referred to as:

answer

precocious puberty

question

In what way does stress affect puberty?

answer

Stress increases the hormones that start puberty

question

Early-maturing girls

answer

tend to have lower self-esteem than late-maturing girls

question

According to the text, adolescents are deficient in their intake of necessary vitamins and minerals because

answer

A) healthy foods cost more. B) unhealthy foods are more desirable C) they eat from vending machines in schools D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All

question

Which of the following is a symptom of anorexia nervosa as defined by the American Psychiatric Association?

answer

A refusal to maintain a body weight that is at least 85 percent of normal for age and height

question

The relatively sudden and rapid physical growth that occurs during puberty is referred to as

answer

a growth spurt

question

During adolescence, the lungs will _________ in weight and the heart will ___________ in size

answer

triple; double

question

Physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction but that indicate sexual maturity are referred to as:

answer

secondary sex characteristics

question

Which complication is associated with teen pregnancy?

answer

spontaneous abortion

question

Which statement concerning a teenager's brain growth is true?

answer

The limbic system matures before the prefrontal cortex does

question

What is adolescent egocentrism?

answer

The thinking that leads young people to focus on themselves to the exclusion of others

question

At which of the following ages would you expect acute self-consciousness to be at its highest?

answer

12

question

The invincibility fable and the imaginary audience are both related to

answer

adolescent egocentrism

question

Julie is obsessed with how others will react to her behavior and appearance. It takes her several hours to dress in the morning as she considers what both her friends and her enemies will think of her. Julie's behavior reflects the power of

answer

the imaginary audience

question

Randy is in the stage of _______ if his thinking is no longer dependant on concrete experiences

answer

formal operational thought

question

The thought process that involves using one or more specific experiences or facts to reach a general conclusion is called

answer

inductive reasoning

question

The notion that two networks exist within the brain, one for emotional and one for analytical processing of stimuli, describes the

answer

dual-process model

question

In a study of adolescent thinking, Klaczynski concluded that

answer

teenagers can use logic, but most did not

question

Marrisa decided to drive her car to Las Vegas rather than fly after reading a story about a plane crash. This common fallacy is called

answer

base rate neglect

question

When it comes to religion

answer

most adolescents feel close to God

question

"Secondary education" refers to

answer

grades 7 through 12

question

The "low ebb" of learning occurs in

answer

middle school

question

The findings of a study of middle school students in Los Angeles suggest that __________ makes students feel safer and less lonely

answer

having someone to blame

question

Which of the following statements about the use of the Internet and other forms of technology is true?

answer

They can be used as tools for learning

question

High schools today

answer

often require most students to take two years of math beyond algebra

question

The individual who engages in hypothetical thought clearly demonstrates an understanding of the word

answer

"if."

question

A common fallacy in which a person ignores statistical information about the frequency of a phenomenon and instead makes an emotionally based decision is called

answer

base rate neglect

question

Vern just entered high school this year. Recently he has been skipping a lot of classes and is starting to vandalize property at night with his friends. These behaviors could be a sign that Vern is experiencing

answer

stress

question

Which theorist first described adolescent egocentrism?

answer

David Elkind

question

What is the aspect of adolescent egocentrism characterized by the adolescent's belief that his or her thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique?

answer

personal fable

question

The adolescent's belief that he or she cannot be overcome or even harmed by anything that might defeat a normal mortal is called the

answer

invincibility fable

question

Thirteen-year-old Mark refuses to go to school because he has a pimple. He is convinced that everyone will make fun of him. Mark's behavior is an example of

answer

the imaginary audience

question

Although concrete operational thinkers might succeed on the balance-a-scale test of formal reasoning, they are less likely to do so because of their reliance on

answer

trial and error

question

Concluding that a four-legged furry animal that wags its tail when it is happy and that likes to fetch sticks is a dog would be an example of

answer

inductive reasoning

question

What type of thought begins with a prior belief, past experience, or common assumption, rather than a logical premise?

answer

intuitive

question

"Throwing good money after bad" is a phrase often used when we put more and more money into something that really was not worth it in the first place. Which of the following best explains why we often do not choose to "cut our losses"?

answer

sunk cost fallacy

question

The mistaken assumption that, because a person has already spent time, money, or effort on some endeavor that has failed, more should be invested in an effort to reach the goal is referred to as

answer

cost-effectiveness fallacy

question

According to a study by Smith and Denton (2005), what percentage of adolescents report that they are not religious?

answer

16

question

The period after primary education and before tertiary education is called

answer

secondary education

question

Developmentalists suspect that one reason for the slowdown in academic achievement that is seen in middle schools is

answer

the lack of connection to teachers

question

Today's "digital divide":

answer

separates young from old

question

Bullying that occurs when one person spreads insults or rumors about another by means of e-mails, text messages, or the Internet is called

answer

cyberbullying

question

High-stakes testing as a requirement for high school graduation potentially results in

answer

more dropouts

question

During adolescence, psychosocial development is primarily a search to answer the question

answer

Who am I?"

question

The ultimate goal in resolving the crisis of identity achievement is to

answer

reconsider the goals and values set by parents and culture, accepting some and rejecting others

question

A person who adopts his or her parents' values without question or analysis is said to be in

answer

foreclosure

question

Erikson described four aspects of identity as being the religious, the sexual, the vocational, and the

answer

political

question

Teens are less likely to abuse drugs, leave school, and take unnecessary risks when

answer

they feel valued by their communities

question

Petty, peevish arguing, usually repeated and ongoing, is called

answer

bickering

question

An experiment comparing teens' and emerging adults' risk behaviors when playing the video driving game Chicken with and without their peers revealed that

answer

teens were more willing to take chances when playing with peers than were the adults

question

Adolescent sexual behavior is strongly influenced by

answer

A) sexual information received from peers B) whether or not an adolescent is in an ongoing romantic relationship C) early puberty and physical attractiveness D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All

question

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning adolescent suicide?

answer

Suicidal ideation is common among adolescents, but completed suicides are not

question

One reason why adolescent suicides have decreased since 1990 may be that

answer

there is more effective use of antidepressants

question

The category "psychoactive drugs" refers to

answer

A) prescription medicine B) illegal drugs such as marijuana C) legal drugs such as cigarettes D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All

question

With some exceptions, adolescent boys use ____ drugs, and use them ______ often, than girls do

answer

more; more

question

The most frequently abused drug among North American teenagers is

answer

alcohol.

question

In terms of drug use, "generational forgetting" refers to

answer

the idea that each new generation forgets what the previous generation learned about drugs

question

Few adolescents notice when they move from _____ (experimenting) to __________ (experiencing harm) to _____________ (needing the drug to avoid feeling ill).

answer

use; abuse; addiction

question

Jessica is 16-years-old and smokes marijuana every day. Which of the following could be affected by her behavior?

answer

a. her memory b. her motivation c. her language proficiency d. All of these answers are correct Answer D All

question

Showing students a black lung damaged by smoking as a way to try to prevent teens from smoking would be considered what type of prevention strategy?

answer

scare tactic

question

During the fifth stage of psychosocial development, an adolescent who is confused as to which of the many possible roles to adopt is said to be

answer

experiencing a crisis of identity versus role confusion

question

A situation in which an adolescent does not seem to know or care about his or her identity is called

answer

role confusion

question

Which of the following is the MOST likely indicator of moratorium?

answer

joining the Peace Corps

question

"Gender identity" refers to

answer

a person's self-definition as male or female

question

Adolescents are said to have closeness with family when

answer

there is open communication, support, emotional connectedness, and parental control

question

What is a clique?

answer

a group of close friends who are loyal to one another and who exclude outsiders

question

Destructive peer support in which one person shows another how to rebel against authority or social norms is referred to as

answer

deviancy training

question

High school romances

answer

are short-lived, rarely lasting more than a year

question

Research has shown that the dip in self-esteem during adolescence

answer

is experienced by both sexes

question

Any deliberate action of self-harm that could have been lethal but was not is referred to as

answer

parasuicide

question

Early neurological impairments increase the risk of a child's becoming a(n) _________, and a teen experiencing a negative psychosocial development is at greater risk of becoming a(n) ___________.

answer

life-course-persistent offender; adolescent-limited offender

question

Which psychoactive drug used during adolescence inhibits growth and may result in the adolescent's becoming a shorter and heavier adult?

answer

tobacco

question

Adolescents who regularly smoke marijuana are more likely to

answer

A) drop out of school. B) become teenage parents C) be unemployed D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All

question

Which of the following attempts to decrease teen drug use appears to INCREASE use?

answer

antismoking ad campaigns designed to appeal to the young

question

The only drug category used more by eighth-graders than by twelfth-graders is:

answer

inhalants

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