question

Dr. Hernandez thinks that a certain drug will help patients with schizophrenia. Her belief is called:

answer

A hypothesis

question

The study of human development is conducted in a scientific manner because

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scientists want to move from opinion to proof

question

Empirical evidence is based on:

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observations

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A hypothesis is a(n):

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prediction that can be tested

question

What is replication of a study?

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The repetition of a study using different participants

question

High school classmates are part of the same:

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cohort

question

Plasticity refers to the:

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ability of human traits to be molded during development

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What is plasticity?

answer

the idea that personality, abilities, and human characteristics may change over time.

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Social constructions are ideas created by one's:

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society

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Pavlov's experiments with dogs that salivated when they heard a specific noise provide an example of:

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classical conditioning

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Skinner studied

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operant conditioning

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Social learning is also called

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modeling

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Who was a cognitive theorist?

answer

Piaget

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According to Abraham Maslow, all people:

answer

have the same basic needs and drives

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Each molecule of DNA is called a(n):

answer

Chromosome

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Maternal Depression:

answer

can have a long-term impact on the newborn.

question

Anoxia refers to:

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a lack of oxygen

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Mandy is pregnant yet she still smokes cigarettes, drinks alcohol, and does not eat well. Her baby may be at increased risk for the development of:

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Fetal alcohol syndrome

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Which is NOT a possible consequence of low birthweight?

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Speech impediment

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The last part of the brain to mature is the:

answer

prefrontal cortex

question

The function of neurotransmitters is to:

answer

carry information from one neuron to another

question

Large movements that coordinate many parts of the body are known as______ motor skills.

answer

gross

question

Small movements made by fingers and toes are known as ______ motor skills.

answer

fine

question

by ___ months of age, babies can usually sit up unsupported.

answer

6

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Piaget called an infant's first period of cognitive development:

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sensorimotor intelligence

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Piaget believed children begin to develop cognitively at:

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birth

question

During the sensorimotor stage, the child's main task is to:

answer

use senses and motor skills to understand the world.

question

An infant's anger is usually triggered by:

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frustration

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Research has found that a person's temperament is:

answer

linked to biological patterns that appear in infancy.

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The crucial aspect of synchrony is:

answer

mutual interaction

question

Myelination is important because it:

answer

speeds up the transmission of neural implulses

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Piaget believed that until about age 6, it is difficult for children to think:

answer

logically

question

Which is an example of scaffolding?

answer

Miriam helps her son Ben to make cookies. She measures all of he ingredients out and places them on the counter in small bowls. She reads the recipe aloud as Ben places the ingredients on the bowl and mixes them together with a spoon.

question

" I catched two mouses in a trap" is an example of:

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overregularization

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The goal of most teacher-directed preschools is:

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shaping student behavior

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An angry 5 year old girl might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed:

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emotional regulation

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Authoritarian parents often:

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seem stern to their children

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Parents who set limits, enforce rules, and listen receptively to their children are exhibiting the _____ pattern of parenting.

answer

authoritative

question

Children who lack self-control are most likely to have parents who have the ________ parenting style.

answer

permissive

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Aggression used to obtain a toy or other object is:

answer

instrumental

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Children whose parents use psychological control as a means of discipline are more likely to:

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be relationally aggressive

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Of the different types of aggression, the most worrisome is:

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bullying

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One problem about athletic sports leagues is that:

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low SES children are unlikely to belong to these teams.

question

Obesity has increased because it is common for:

answer

preschoolers to watch TV and drink soda.

question

Asthma is a disorder caused by ____ the airways.

answer

inflammation of

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Since 1980 the rate of childhood asthma in the United States has:

answer

tripled

question

Mary age 10, has asthma. Her parents bought a HEPA filter for her bedroom. This represents which level of prevention?

answer

secondary

question

According to Piaget, which ability do children gain during middle childhood.

answer

logic

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With concrete operational thought, children can:

answer

think logically about visible, tangible things.

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Vygotsky viewed ____ as being crucial to children's development of skills and knowledge.

answer

instruction

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The information-processing theory was inspired by the knowledge of how ____ function.

answer

computers

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The common core is a(n) _____ that was developed with backing from all 50 states in response to doubts about state-level assessments.

answer

set of specific standards by subject and grade level

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Aptitude tests are designed to measures one's:

answer

potential for learning

question

Achievement tests are designed to measure one's:

answer

knowledge about a subject

question

What is Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development?

answer

industry versus inferiority

question

According to Erikson, if a 9-year-old Anna is successful in solving her psychosocial conflict, she should be developing a(n) _______ view of herself

answer

industrious

question

Who described middle childhood as a time of latency?

answer

Freud

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Family structures refers to:

answer

the legal and genetic relationships of people in a household

question

Family function refers to:

answer

how a family cares for its members

question

Developing self-respect, nurturing friendships with peers, and encouraging learning are three of theL

answer

functions of a family

question

Changes in primary sex characteristics include:

answer

growth of the uterus and underarm hair

question

In genera, adolescent egocentrism refers to the

answer

view that one is noticed by everyone

question

According to Erikson, adolescents are in the stage of:

answer

identity versus role confusion

question

According to Erikson, the goal of adolescence is to:

answer

find one's own identity

question

During an identity moratorium, adolescents typicallyL

answer

take on a temporary role and postpone making career decisions

question

Gender refers to:

answer

the cultural or social attributes of being male or female

question

Which statement is an example of a gender role?

answer

A man should be the primary wage earner

question

What age group is emerging adulthood?

answer

18-25

question

How does the college atmosphere effect cognitive development?

answer

The more years of higher education, the deeper and more postformal that person's reasoning becomes. Challenging academic work, professors' lectures, peer discussions, new setting, living away from home, students expect lectures and conversations to further their intellectual depth

question

How is self-esteem effected during early adulthood?

answer

Young adults begin to think more and more positive about life most likely because they can begin to make their own life choices

question

Erikson's 5th stage

answer

Identity vs. Role Confusion (12-18)

question

Erikson's 6th stage

answer

Intimacy vs. Isolation (ages 18-40), we begin to share ourselves more intimately with others.

question

Erikson's 7th stage

answer

Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-65 ) we establish our careers, settle down within a relationship, begin our own families and develop a sense of being a part of the bigger picture.

question

Erikson's 8th stage

answer

Ego Integrity vs. Despair (65+) as we become senior citizens, we tend to slow down our productivity, and explore life as a retired person.

question

What 4 decades does adulthood cover?

answer

Ages 25-65

question

Average age of menopause

answer

Between ages 42 and 58

question

What is male menopause?

answer

Andropause, sudden drop in reproductive ability or hormones

question

Fluid intelligence

answer

Those types of basic intelligence that make learning of all sorts quick and thorough. Abilities such as short-term memory, abstract thought, and speed of thinking

question

Crystallized intelligence

answer

Those types of intellectual ability that reflect accumulated learning such as vocabulary and general information.

question

Analytic intelligence

answer

A form of intelligence that involves such mental processes as abstract planning, strategy selection, focused attention, information processing, as well as verbal and logical skills

question

Big 5 personality traits

answer

openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism

question

How were the big 5 personality traits developed

answer

longitudinal, cross-sectional and multicultural research. These clusters affect career choices, health habits, and more

question

Ageism

answer

A prejudice whereby people are categorized and judged solely based on their chronological age

question

Young-old

answer

Healthy, vigorous, financially older adults who are well integrated and into the lives of their families and communities

question

Old-old

answer

Older adults who suffer from physical, mental, or social deficits

question

Oldest-old

answer

Elderly adults who are dependent on others for almost everything. requiring supportive services such as nursing homes and hospital stays

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