Psychology 101 Chapter 14 – Flashcards

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question
Pat is a social worker who will perform all but which of the following tasks for her client?
answer
Prescribing medicine
question
Which of the following is a valid criticism of psychodynamic therapy that is noted on your textbook?
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It is too lengthy and expensive.
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What is the purpose of free association?
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To provide the opportunity for unconscious troubling material to become conscious.
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Antipsychotic drugs do not relieve schizophrenic people of _____, which may be related to structural defects in the brain.
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negative symptoms
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What is one major difference between psychiatrist and psychologists?
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Psychiatrist are medical doctors and psychologist are not.
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Which therapeutic technique would best treat phobias?
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Systematic desensitization
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According to Albert Ellis' REBT approach, the irrational beliefs that cause emotional problems are based on what Ellis called "_____".
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all-or-none
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Electroconvulsive therapy was initially thought to be a possible treatment for reducing symptoms, but was only mildly successful. Which disorder was electroconvulsive therapy attempting to treat?
answer
Depression
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Humanistic therapy often focuses on all but which of the following?
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Research
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What are two broad categories of therapy?
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Psychological and biomedical
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A token economy is:
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a system for strengthening desirable behaviors in a group of people in the same setting, such as correctional institution or psychiatric ward.
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Zelda is an RET therapist working with a client named Linda. After first identifying Linda's core irrational beliefs, the second step that Zelda will take in Linda's therapy is to:
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vigorously dispute and challenge Linda's irrational beliefs.
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The primary goal of psychoanalysis is to:
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bring unconscious conflicts to conscious awareness to help the person gain insight into conflicts and resolve them.
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The basic premise of family therapy is that:
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the family is a dynamic, interdependent system in which each member plays a distinct role.
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_____ can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems.
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Psychotherapy
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Today, therapist identify themselves as eclectic psychotherapists more often than any other orientation in the field of psychotherapy.
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TRUE
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ECT involves electrically inducing a seizure in the brain.
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TRUE
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In rational-emotive therapy (RET), the therapist's role is to active confront and challenge a person's irrational beliefs and expectations.
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TRUE
question
Free association and dream interpretation are two important techniques in psychoanalysis
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TRUE
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Psychoanalysis was founded by carl Rogers, and is closely related to his theory of personality.
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FALSE
question
_____ are particularly dangerous when combined with alcohol. Side effects include lightheadedness, slurred speech, and impaired psychomotor and mental functioning.
answer
Benzodiazepines
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Ed reports having been suicidal three weeks ago. Recently, he has been hospitalized because he has been awake for the past three days, in an elated mood; and he cannot sit still. He is diagnosed from bipolar disorder and is prescribed _____.
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Lithium
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What is the process of shaping behavior through the consequences of punishment and reinforcement in the environment called?
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Operant conditioning
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What was Sigmund Freud's goal as a therapist?
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FOR CLIENTS TO GAIN INSIGHT INTO THEIR UNCONSCIOUS ISSUES
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Stephanie is 16 years old. She has been staying out late and refuses to listen to her parents, whom she accuses of picking on her and fighting with each other. Which type of therapy would best suit Stephanie in this situation?
answer
Family systems therapy
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Carl Rogers believed psychotherapy should be built around which principle?
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Unconditional positive regard
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Which of the following is not an assumption underlying psychoanalytic therapies?
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The use of psychotropic medications can assist us with getting in touch with the unconscious.
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Why do children differ from adults in their response to psychotherapy?
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THEY GENERALLY DO NOT LIKE AUTHORITY FIGURES.
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Which group of diverse therapeutic approaches descends from the work of Sigmund Freud?
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COGNITIVE THERAPY
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Which of the following is NOT an example of activities the psychoanalysts would explore?
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ARTWORK AND POETRY
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The basic assumption of behavior therapy is that:
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adaptive and maladaptive behaviors are learned.
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_____ is a short-term dynamic therapy that focuses on current relationships and social interactions, and is based on the assumption that psychological symptoms are caused and maintained by interpersonal problems.
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Interpersonal therapy (IPT)
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Symptoms of pervasive sadness, hopelessness, depression, sleep disturbances, guilt and suicidal thought are treated with a class of psychoactive medications called:
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antidepressants
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Bipolar disorder, which is often referred to as manic depression, is most commonly treated with a medication called:
answer
lithium
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ECT is primarily used as a treatment for:
answer
major depression
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In general, behavior therapy focuses on helping the client develop insight and understanding about the historical causes of maladaptive behaviors or feelings.
answer
FALSE
question
The initials ECT stand for electroconvulsive therapy.
answer
TRUE
question
After more than 50 years of studies, researchers still don't know how ECT produces its beneficial effect.
answer
TRUE
question
Although cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective, its use tends to be limited to the treatment of major depression.
answer
FALSE
question
Especially with a therapist who uses an insight approach to psychotherapy, it is completely normal for the therapist and the client to become close personal friends and even become involved with one another on a social basis.
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FALSE
question
What was the first drug used in the 1950s?
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Chlorpromazine
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What is the term used to describe a therapy technique in which the listener summarizes the expressed verbal content of the client
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paraphrasing
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Which of the following class of drugs, used to treat depression, tends to have milder side effects than tricyclics?
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SSRIs
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Which of the following examples best illustrates a token economy?
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A person gets a small copper disk for certain behavior, and can use that disk to obtain something desired.
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All of the following are characteristics of cognitive therapies except that _____.
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focus on the unconscious
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Recent medical advances have led to the development of antipsychotic drugs such as _____ that do not appear to have some of the dangerous side effects normally associated with antipsychotic drugs.
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Risperidone
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The drug Antabuse has been used in the treatment of people suffering from alcoholism with which type of technique?
answer
aversive conditioning
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Electroconvulsive therapy is helpful in cases of _____, with about _____ percent of patients showing marked improvement.
answer
severe depression, 80
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Julie is diagnosed with severe depression and has not responded to antidepressant drugs in the past. She has attempted several different forms of psychotherapy and feels that they have not been beneficial to her. What would be the most effective treatment for Julie's situation?
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Electroconvulsive therapy
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Typically, a clinical psychologist holds a(n):
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academic doctorate and has had extensive training in psychological testing and evaluation, psychotherapy, and the prevention of mental and emotional disorders.
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The basic premise of family therapy is that:
answer
the family is a dynamic, interdependent system in which each member plays a distinct role.
question
ECT is primarily used a treatment for:
answer
major depression
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The term catharsis refers to:
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the emotional relief that people experience from talking about their feelings and problems.
question
ECT involves electrically inducing a seizure in the brain.
answer
TRUE
question
Psychoanalysis was founded by Carl Rogers, and is closely related to his theory of personality.
answer
FALSE
question
After more than 50 years of studies, researchers still don't know how ECT produces its beneficial effects.
answer
TRUE
question
In rational-emotive therapy (RET), the therapist's role is to actively confront and challenge a person's irrational beliefs and expectations.
answer
TRUE
question
Especially with a therapist who uses an insight-oriented approach to psychotherapy, it is completely normal for the therapist and the client to become close personal friends and even become involved with one another on a social basis.
answer
FALSE
question
For which of the following would systematic desensitization be best employed?
answer
Phobias
question
Which antianxiety drug is effective in controlling anxiety by increasing serotonin levels in the brain without causing physical dependence or interacting negatively with alcohol?
answer
Buspirone
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What was Sigmund Freud's goal as a therapist?
answer
for clients to gain insight into their unconscious issues.
question
Which of the following observations regarding antipsychotic medications is true?
answer
Antipsychotic medications help control severe symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Which of the following groups exhibit the lowest therapy dropout rates?
answer
White Americans
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Which of the following best provides an example of transference?
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Susan feels resentful toward her therapist because she feels that he is attempting to control her much like her father did during childhood.
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Which type of therapy is designed to modify dysfunctional relationships among family members?
answer
family therapy
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Which of the following is a major advantage of group therapy?
answer
It allows therapists to observe clients interacting, which helps therapists to understand how to treat individual group members.
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Among the SSRIs, _____is by far the most popular, with approximately 54 million people using the drug worldwide.
answer
Prozac
question
The basic assumption of behavior therapy is that:
answer
adaptive and maladaptive behaviors are learned.
question
Zelda is a RET therapist working with a client named Linda. After first identifying Linda's core irrational beliefs, the second step that Zelda will take in Linda's therapy is to:
answer
vigorously dispute and challenge Linda's irrational beliefs.
question
Bipolar disorder, which is also often referred to as manic depression, is most commonly treated with a medication called:
answer
lithium
question
Today, therapists identify themselves as eclectic psychotherapists more often than any other orientation in the field of psychotherapy.
answer
TRUE
question
In general, behavior therapy focuses on helping the client develop insight and understanding about the historical causes of maladaptive behaviors or feelings.
answer
FALSE
question
The initials ECT stand for electroconvulsive therapy.
answer
TRUE
question
Although cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective, its use tends to be limited to the treatment of major depression.
answer
FALSE
question
Free association and dream interpretation are two important techniques in psychoanalysis
answer
TRUE
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