question

Anal Stage

answer

The second stage of psychosexual development, when pleasure is derived from retaining and expelling feces.

question

Analytical psychology

answer

An elaborate explanation of human nature that combines ideas from history, mythology, anthropology, and religion.

question

Animus (anima)

answer

The biological and psychological aspects of masculinity and femininity, which are thought to co-exsist in both of the sexes.

question

Anxiety

answer

A feeling of impending doom that results from repressed feelings, memories, desires, and experiences emerging to the surface of awareness. From a psychoanalytical perspective, and there are three kinds anxiety: reality, neurotic, and moral anxiety.

question

Archetypes

answer

The images of universal experiences contained in the collective subconscious.

question

Blank screen

answer

An anonymous stance assumed by classical psychoanalysts aimed at fostering transference.

question

Borderline Personality Disorder

answer

A disorder characterized by instability, irritability, self-destructive acts, impulsivity, and extreme mood shifts. Such people lack a sense of their own identity and do not have a deep understanding of others.

question

Brief Psychodynamic Therapy (BPT)

answer

An adaptaion of the principles of psychoanalytic theory and therapy aimed at treating selective disorders within a preestablished time limit.

question

Classical psychoanalysis

answer

The traditional (Freudian) approach to psychoanalysis based on a long-term exploration of past conflicts, many of which are unconscious, and an extensive process of working through early wounds.

question

Collective unconscious

answer

From a jungian perspective, the deepest level of the psyche that contains an accumulation of inherited experiences.

question

Compensation

answer

An ego-defense mechanism that consists of making perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for limitations.

question

Contemporary psychoanalysis

answer

Newer formulations of psychoanalytical theory that share some core characteristics of classical analytical theory, but with different applications of techniques; extensions and adaptations or orthodox psychoanalysis.

question

Countertransference

answer

The therapist's unconscious emotional responses to a client that are likely to interfere with objectivity; unresolved conflicts of the therapist that are projected onto the client.

question

Crisis

answer

According to Erikson, a turning point in life when we have the potential to move forward or to regress. At these turning points, we can resolve our conflicts or fail to master the developmental task.

question

Death instincts

answer

A Freudian concept that refers to a tendency of individuals to harbor an unconscious wish to die or hurt themselves or others; accounts for the aggression drive.

question

Denial

answer

In denial there is an effort to suppress unpleasant reality. It consists of coping with anxiety by "closing our eyes" to the existence of anxiety-producing reality.

question

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

answer

A blend of cognitive behavioral and psychoanalytic techniques that generally involves a minimum of one year treatment.

question

Displacement

answer

An ego defense mechanism that entails redirection of some emotion from a real source to a substitute person or object.

question

Dream analysis

answer

A technique for uncovering unconscious material and giving clients insight into some of their unresolved problems. Therapists participate with clients in exploring dreams and interpreting possible meanings.

question

Dream Work

answer

The process by which the latent content of a dream is transformed into the less threatening manifest content.

question

Ego

answer

The part of the personality that is the mediator between external reality and internal demands.

question

Ego-Defense mechanisms

answer

Intrapsychic processes that operate unconsciously to protect the person from threatening and, therefore, anxiety producing thought, feelings, and impulses.

question

Ego psychology

answer

The psychosocial approach of Erik Erikson, which emphasizes the development of the ego or self at varies stages of life.

question

Fixation

answer

The condition of being arrested, or "stuck," at one level of psychosexual development.

question

Free Association

answer

A primary technique, consisting of spontaneous and uncensored verbalization by the client, which gives clues to the nature of the client's unconscious.

question

Genital Stage

answer

The final stage of psychosexual development, usually attained at adolescence, in which heterosexual interests and activities are generally predominant.

question

Id

answer

The part of the personality, present at birth, that is blind, demanding, and insistent. Its function is to discharge tension and return to homeostasis.

question

Id Psychology

answer

A theory stating that instincts and intrapsychic conflicts are the basic factors shaping peronality development. (Both normal and abnormal.)

question

Identification

answer

As an ego defense, this may involve individuals identifying themselves with successful causes in the hope that they will be seen as worthwhile.

question

Identity Crisis

answer

A developmental challenge, occurring during adolescence, whereby the person seeks to establish a stable view of self and to define a place in life.

question

Individuation

answer

The harmonious integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of a personality.

question

Interpretation

answer

A technique used to explore the meanings of free association, dreams, resistances, and transference feelings.

question

Introjection

answer

A process of taking in the values and standards of others.

question

Latency stage

answer

A period of psychosexual development, following the phallic stage, that is relatively calm before the storm of adolescence.

question

Latent content

answer

Our hidden, symbolic, and unconscious motives, wishes, and fears.

question

Libido

answer

The instinctual drives of the id and the source of psychic energy; Freudian notion of life instincts.

question

Life instincts

answer

Instincts oriented toward, growth, development, and creativity that serve the purpose of the survival of the individual and the human race.

question

Maintaining the analytic frame

answer

Refers to a range of procedures, such as an analyst's anonymity, regularity, and consistency of meetings, as a structure for therapy.

question

Manifest content

answer

The dream as it appears to the dreamer.

question

Moral anxiety

answer

The fear of one's own conscience; people with a well-developed conscience tend to feel guilty when they do something contrary to their moral code.

question

Multiple transference

answer

A process whereby group members develop intense feelings for certain others in a group; an individual may "see" in others some significant figure such as a parent, life-partner, ex-lover, or boss.

question

Narcissism

answer

Extreme self-love, as opposed to love of others. A narcissistic personality is characterized by a grandiose and exaggerated sense of self-importance and an exaggerated sense of self-importance and an exploitative attitude toward others, which hides a poor self-concept.

question

Narcissistic Personality

answer

Characterized by a by a grandiose and exaggerated sense of self-importance and an exaggerated sense of self-importance and an exploitative attitude toward others, which serve the function of masking a frail self-concept.

question

Neurotic Anxiety

answer

The fear that the instincts will get out of hand and cause one to do something for which one will be punished.

question

Object relatedness

answer

Interpersonal relationships as they are represented intrapsychically.

question

Object relations

answer

Interpersonal relationships as they are represented intraphysically.

question

Object-relations theory

answer

A newer version of psychoanalytic thinking, which focuses on predictable developmental sequences in which early experiences of self shift in relation to an expanding awareness of others. It holds that individuals go through phases of autism, normal symbiosis, and separation and individuation, culminating into a state of integration.

question

Oral stage

answer

The initial phase of psychosexual development, during which the mouth is the primary source of gratification; a time when the infant is learning to trust or mistrust the world.

question

Persona

answer

The mask we wear, or public face we present, as a way to protect ourselves.

question

Phallic stage

answer

The third phase of psychosexual development, during which the child gains maximum gratification through direct contact with the genitals.

question

Pleasure principle

answer

The idea that the id is driven to satisfy instinctual needs by reducing tension, avoiding pain, and gaining pleasure.

question

Projection

answer

An ego-defense mechanism that involves attributing our own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and motives to others.

question

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

answer

psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy involves a shortening and simplifying of the lengthy process of psychoanalysis.

question

Psychodynakics

answer

The interplay of opposing forces and intrapsychic conflicts that provide a basis for understanding human motivation.

question

Psychosexual stages

answer

The Freudian chronological phases of development, beginning in infancy. Each is characterized by a primary way of gaining sensual and sexual gratification.

question

Psychosocial stages

answer

Erikson's turning points, from infancy through old age. Each presents psychological and social tasks that must be mastered if maturation is to proceed in a healthy fashion.

question

Rationalization

answer

An ego-defense mechanism whereby we attempt to justify our behavior by imputing logical motives to it.

question

Reaction formation

answer

A defense against a threatening impulse, involving actively expressing the opposite impulse.

question

Reality anxiety

answer

The fear of danger from the external world; the level of such anxiety is proportionate to the degree of real threat.

question

Reality principle

answer

The idea that the ego does realistic and logical thinking and formulates plans of action for satisfying needs.

question

Regression

answer

An ego-defense mechanism whereby an individual reverts to a less mature form of behavior as a away of coping with extreme stress.

question

Relational analysis

answer

An analytic model based on the assumption that therapy is an interactive process between client and therapist. The interpersonal analyst assumes that countertransference provides an important source of information about the client's character and dynamics.

question

Relational model

answer

A model that characterizes therapist in which countertransference provides an important source of information about the client's character and dynamics.

question

Repression

answer

The ego-defense mechanism whereby threatening or painful thoughts or feelings are excluded from awareness.

question

Resistance

answer

The client's reluctance to bring to awareness threatening unconscious material that has been repressed

question

Self Psychology

answer

A theory that emphasizes how we use interpersonal relationships (self objects) to develop our own sense of self.

question

Shadow

answer

A Jungian archetype representing thoughts, feelings, and actions we tend to disown by projecting them outward.

question

Sublimination

answer

An ego defense that involves diverting sexual or aggressive energy into other channels that are socially acceptable.

question

Superego

answer

That aspect of personality that represents one's moral training. It strives for perfection, not pleasure.

question

Time-Limited dynamic psychotherapy (TLDP)

answer

Through this form of psychoanalytically oriented therapy, clients gain a sense of what it is like to interact more fully and flexibly within the therapy situation. They are helped to apply to the outside world what they are learning in the office.

question

Transference

answer

The client's unconscious shifting to the therapist of feelings and fantasies, both positive and negative, that are displacements from reactions to significant others fromt he client's past.

question

Unconscious

answer

That aspect of psychological functioning or of personality that houses experiences, wishes, impulses, and memories in an out of awareness state as protection against anxiety.

question

Working Through

answer

A process of resolving basic conflicts that are manifested in the client's relationship with the therapist; achieved by the repetition of interpretations and by exploring forms of resistance.

Psychoanalytic Therapy Key Terms – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards