Psych Final – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
An individual experiencing a low blood-glucose level would be best advised to do what?
answer
Eat a snack
question
For several weeks, ever since she did not receive a raise that was given to several colleagues, Enid has lacked energy, has been unable to go to work, and has expected bad things to happen every day. She is most likely experiencing what?
answer
Depression
question
Phobic and panic disturbances are examples of what kind of disorders?
answer
Anxiety
question
In an experiment, which variable refers to the outcome that is measured by the experimenter?
answer
Dependent
question
In Sigmund Freud's view, what is the role of the ego?
answer
Mediate among the id, the superego, and reality
question
A hostile person with type A personality is most at risk for developing what?
answer
Heart disease
question
One major objection to the early Skinnerian approach to psychology is what?
answer
It did not take into account internal thoughts and feelings
question
The coiled tube in the inner ear that contains the auditory receptors is called the what?
answer
Cochlea
question
One of the consistent research findings in the area of facial expressions and emotion is what?
answer
Universality of facial expressions across cultures
question
Which part of the brain is most active in decision-making?
answer
Cerebral cortex
question
Psychotic disorders frequently involve perceptions of nonexistent sensory stimulation, such as voices. What are these symptoms called?
answer
Hallucinations
question
Punishment is most effective in eliminating undesired behavior when what?
answer
Punishment is delivered soon after the behavior
question
According to the information-processing view of memory, the first stage in memory processing involves what?
answer
Encoding
question
John suffered a head injury five years ago. He has clear memories of events that occurred before the accident, but he has great difficulty remembering any of the experiences he has had since the accident. What do his symptoms describe?
answer
Anterograde amnesia
question
Drive reduction as a motivational concept is best exemplified by what?
answer
The injection of heroin by an addict
question
Drawing a random sample of people from a town for an interview study of social attitudes ensures what?
answer
Each person in town has the same probability of being chosen for the study
question
Climbing an irregular set of stairs is more difficult for an individual who wears a patch over one eye primarily because why?
answer
Some depth perception is lost
question
Gustatory receptors are sensitive to all of the taste qualities EXCEPT what?
answer
Spicy
question
When a list of words is learned in order, the words most likely to be forgotten are those that are what?
answer
In the middle of the list
question
The rules of grammar are rules of what?
answer
Syntax
question
Psychologists who emphasize the importance of personality traits are most often criticized for what?
answer
Underestimating the variability of behavior from situation to situation
question
A genetically programmed action pattern is the ethologist's definition of what?
answer
Instinct
question
Hypnosis is best described as a state that what?
answer
Induces heightened suggestibility in the hypnotized individual
question
According to the Stanford-Binet formula for an IQ, the IQ of a 10 year old child with a mental age of 8 and a half years is what?
answer
85
question
The precipitous decline of the impatient populations of state and county mental hospitals since the 1950s can be attributed to which of the following? I. Declining incidence of severe mental illnesses II. A policy of deinstitutionalization III. New drug therapies
answer
II and III only
question
According to research on attraction, people are most likely to be attracted to others who are what?
answer
Similar to themselves in many ways
question
An individual's ability to remember the day they first swam the length of a swimming pool is most clearly an example of what kind of memory?
answer
Episodic
question
Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome is an attempt to explain what?
answer
Reactions to stress
question
The result of evolutionary process that preserves traits that enhance the adaptation of an organism and suppresses traits that do no is called what?
answer
Natural selection
question
Graph on attitude change
answer
Easy messages on television and difficult messages in the newspaper
question
A baby looks under the sofa for a ball that just rolled underneath it. According to Piaget, the baby has developed what?
answer
Object permanence
question
Inkblot figures are used in which of the following kinds of tests?
answer
Projective personality
question
Intense artificial light is most successfully used as therapy for what?
answer
Seasonal affective disorder
question
What situation poses an approach-approach conflict for a person who only listens to classical music?
answer
Choosing to study with one of two friends, both go whom listen to classical music while studying
question
In the James-Lange theory of emotion, what immediately precedes an emotion?
answer
Experience of physiological changes
question
What following research methods is being used if the same subjects are tested at 2, 4, and 6?
answer
Longitudinal
question
What is a circadian rhythm?
answer
A cycle of biological functioning that lasts about 25 hours
question
According to cognitive dissonance theory, human beings are motivated to do what?
answer
Reduce tensions produced by inconsistent thoughts
question
An important difference between humanistic and psychoanalytic approaches is that humanistic psychologists believe in the importance of what?
answer
Free will
question
The more people present at a scene, the less likely it is that anyone will help a person in need. This phenomenon is known as what?
answer
Diffusion of responsibility
question
One suspected cause of schizophrenia is the abnormal increase of what neurotransmitter?
answer
Dopamine
question
Studies of learning have shown that animals develop an aversion for tastes associated with what?
answer
Sickness
question
An individual's fear of dogs that is lost as the individual is exposed to dogs in nonthreatening situations is referred to to by behaviorists as a fear that has been what?
answer
Extinguished
question
Gestalt principles are used to explain what?
answer
Perceptual organization
question
Sabrina plays on a rugby team and collects antique dolls. Peter is on the football team and loves to cook. Both Sabrina and Peter demonstrate a high degree of what?
answer
Androgyny
question
A student who obtained a percentile rank of 75 on an achievement test is best characterized as having what?
answer
Scored higher than 75% of the test takers
question
The general function of the bones in the middle ear is to what?
answer
Transfer sound information from the tympanic membrane to the oval window
question
What regularity in behavior can most likely be accounted for by the existence of a group norm?
answer
Students tend to use less profanity with adults that they do with their peers
question
A brain tumor that results in obesity would most likely be located in the what?
answer
Area of the hypothalamus
question
What personality disorders are characterized by behavior that includes dishonesty, repeated trouble with authority figures, and an absence of remorse for these types of conduct?
answer
Antisocial
question
The most distinctive characteristic of the experimental method is that it what?
answer
Seeks to establish cause-effect relationships
question
The performance of the group on which an IQ test is standardized sets what?
answer
Norms against which the performance of later test takers can be evaluated
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New