question

Which of the following religions believes in reincarnation?

answer

buddhism

question

A flat EEG recording for a specified period of time is one criterion of___

answer

brain death

question

In a recent review of research on childrens conceptions of death, it was condluded that children probably do not view death as universal and irreversible until about what age?

answer

9

question

An ___ states such preferences as whether life-sustained procedures should or should not be used to prolong the life of an individual when death is imminent

answer

advance directive

question

Currently in the United States, 90 percent of hospice care is provided:

answer

in the patient's home

question

When explaining death to younger children(around preschool age) , the most imprtant point for parents to stress is that:

answer

the child is loved and will not be abandoned

question

The main purpose of a hospice is to:

answer

make death more peaceful and less frightening for the patient and family

question

According to Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, which of the following is the first stage of dying?

answer

denial and isolation

question

Which of the following is an example of active euthanasia?

answer

Injecting a lethal dose of a drug

question

Which of the following statement about the care of a dying older person in the U.S. today is true?

answer

the care of a dying older person has shifted away from the family

question

In one survey reported by Kalish & Reynolds only ___ of individuals 60 and over had made any funeral arrangements

answer

24 percent

question

In the united states, in 2007, ___ percent of corpses were disposed of by burial

answer

66

question

The ___ portions of the brain often die sooner the the ____ portions

answer

higher; lower

question

Which of tghe following isw true of the American attitude toward death

answer

Americans are generally death avoiders and death deniers

question

According to 2008 date, in the United States, ___ percent of men and ___ percent of women 65 years of age and older were widowed

answer

13; 41

question

Most psychologists emphasize that ___ is the best strategy in discussing death with children

answer

honesty

question

Turning off a respirator or a heart-lung machine is an example of ___ euthanasia

answer

passive

question

___ is a program committed to making the end of life as free from pain, anxiety, and depression as possible

answer

hospice

question

The type of carfe that is designed to reduce pain and suffering and help individuals die with dignity is known as:

answer

palliative care

question

Compared to young children, which of the following is likely to be a differentiating aspect of adolescents' view of death?

answer

they develop more abstract conceptions of death

question

Which of the following were considered to be clear signs of deathe twenty-five years ago?

answer

The end of certain biological functions

question

___ is the act of painlessly ending the lives of individuals who are suffering from an incurable disease or severe disability

answer

Euthanasia

question

In which of the following states is active euthanasia not considered a crime?

answer

Washington

question

According to Onwuteaka-Philipsen & others, a Dutch study of almost 7,000 dying persons revealed that only___ percent requested passive or active euthanasia, and of those who requested it, approximately one-third of the requests were granted

answer

7

question

Why do women have an easier time with the loss of their spouse than do men?

answer

Women have better social networks

question

Which of the following statement about hospice care is true?

answer

Hospice care emphasizes palliative care

question

According to Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, which of the following is the second stage of dying?

answer

Anger

question

According to Kalish & Reynolds, middle-aged adults actually ___ than do yound adults or older adults

answer

fear death more

question

Active euthanasia is legal in the state of:

answer

Oregon

question

Hospice advocates underscore that it is possible to:

answer

control pain for almost any dying individual

question

___ refers to a legal document that reflects the patient's advance care planning

answer

living will

question

For hospice services to be covered by Medicare:

answer

the patient must be deemed by a physician to have six months or fewer to live

question

Van Alphen, Donker, & Marquet reproted that in the Netherlands, ___ was found to be main reason for requests for active euthanasia

answer

pain

question

Exercise can reduce the risk of all of the following conditions EXCEPT:

answer

type 1 diabetes

question

Recent research indicates that the greater distractibility of older adults is associated with less effective functioning in neural networks running through the ___ of the brain, which are involved in cognitive control.

answer

frontal and parietal lobes

question

Erik Erikson believed that people who experience isolation and stagnation is earlier adulthood are more likely to experience___ in later adulthood

answer

despair

question

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following is the resolutoin of the last stage of human development?

answer

Wisdom

question

____ are DNA sequences that cap chromosomes

answer

Telomeres

question

According to the cellular clock theory of aging, cells can divide a maximum of:

answer

75 to 80 times

question

All of the following are part of the life review process EXCEPT:

answer

projecting future life experiences

question

Which of the following is Erikson's eigth stage of development?

answer

Integrity vs. despair

question

According to Erikson, the positive resolution of which develpmental stage culminates in appreciation of interdependence and relatedness in old age?

answer

Basic trust vs. mistrust

question

Which of the following countries has the highest number of centenarians?

answer

United States

question

According to Erikson, the positive resolution of the conflict of generativity vs stagnation culminates in ___ in old age.

answer

caring for others, and empathy and concern

question

When working with older clients, some clinicians use ___ therapy, which involves discussing past activities and experiences with another individual or group

answer

reminiscence

question

Critics point out that studies on the effectiveness of antioxidants in slowing the aging process, thus far have been so-called population studies that are ___ in nature

answer

correlational

question

According to Erikson, in old age, the positive resolution of the conflict of identity vs. confusion culminates in:

answer

a sense of complexity of life

question

___ are the leading cause of injury deaths among adults who are 65 years and older

answer

falls

question

One study revealed that an important factor among older adults who showed a higher level of emotion regulation and successful aging was:

answer

reduced responsiveness to regrets

question

According to Erikson, in old age the positive resolution of the conflict of intimacy vs isolation culminates in:

answer

a sense of complexity of relationships

question

The term Baltes uses to describe the "hardware" of the mind, meaning the neurophysiological architecture of the brain through evolution, is:

answer

cognitive mechanics

question

Which of the following is NOT a biological theory explaining aging?

answer

reverse neurogenesis theory

question

A person's knowledge about the world is called ___ memory

answer

semantic

question

In 2011, which of the following countries had the highest life expectancy?

answer

monaco

question

Which of the following is the positive resolution of the psychological conflict of generativity vs stagnation?

answer

care

question

One study found that after 6 months of ___, older adults showed improvement on reaction time tasks

answer

doing aerobic exercise

question

The term ___ refers to the ability to focus on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant to the task at hand while ignoring others that are relevant

answer

selective attention

question

Which of the following countries had the lowest estimated life expectancy in 2011?

answer

South Africa

question

The oldest-old today are mostly:

answer

female

question

The retention of information about the when and where of life's happenings is called ___ memory

answer

episodic

question

___ refers to a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoinig, language, and eventually, physical function

answer

Alzheimer disease

question

Which of the following statements about life review is NOT true?

answer

life reviews avoid reflecting on regrets

question

The young-old are people who are between:

answer

65 to 84 years of age

question

Which of the following is a treatment of advanced Parkinsons disease?

answer

Deep brain stimulation

question

Which of the following is a drug that is used in the treatment of Parkinson disease

answer

L-dopa

question

Which of the following is the gene which appears to play a role in as many as one-third of cases of alzheimer disease?

answer

ApoE

question

One study found that ___ of the individuals 65 to 69 years of age considered themselves middle aged

answer

almost half

question

Today the average life expectancy in the United States is:

answer

78 years

question

Compared with earlier and later periods, middle age is influenced most by ___ factors

answer

sociocultural

question

The average adult in middle adulthood ___ height and __ weight

answer

loses; gains

question

At 60 years of age, the retina receives only ___ as much light as it did at 20 years of age

answer

one-third

question

Sensitivity to ___ sounds usually declines first among ___

answer

high-pitched; men

question

Why is LDL referred to as "bad" cholesterol?

answer

High levels of LDL cause atherosclerosis

question

A condition in middle and late adulthood characteried by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance is referred to as

answer

metabolic syndrome

question

Compared to men, women have a higher incidence of ___ disorders during middle adulthood

answer

nonfatal chronic

question

Nowadays, the main causes of death in middle adulthood in the United States are:

answer

chronic diseases

question

___ is a term that is used to describe the midlife transition in which fertility declines

answer

Climacteric

question

In menopause, production of ___ by the overies declines dramatically

answer

estrogen

question

The gradual decline in men's testosterone levels in middle age can reduce their ___

answer

sexual drive

question

According to studies, which of the following is one of the most common sexual problems of older men?

answer

Early ejaculation

question

According to studies, which of the following is one of the most common sexual problems of older women?

answer

lack of sexual interest

question

Fluid intelligence is the ability to:

answer

reason abstractly

question

Crystallized intellegence is:

answer

an individual's accumulated information and verbal skills

question

___ refers to ability to understand ideas expressed in words

answer

verbal comprehension

question

Which of the following is a common way to assess speed of information processing?

answer

reaction-time task

question

According to Salthouse, a recent analysis of research found:

answer

no evidence for significant changes in everyday cognition from 20-75 years of age

question

Erikson proposed that middle-aged adults face a significant issue which he termed ___

answer

generativity vs. stagnation

question

___ encompasses adults' desire to leave legacies of themselves to the next generation

answer

Generativity

question

In Erik Erikson's theory, adults strive for generativity to achieve a sense of ____

answer

immortality

question

___ develops when individuals sense that they have done nothing for the next generation

answer

Stagnation

question

___ adults commit themselves to the continuation and improvement of society as a whole through their connection with their children and grandchildren

answer

Generative

question

Identify the major task that must be mastered in early adulthood, according to Levinson

answer

Developing a stable life structure

question

Daniel Levinson's studies suggest that most adults feel that middle age is a time of:

answer

crisis

question

What did Levinson's research conclude about women in midlife transition?

answer

Levinson reported that his stages, transitions, and the crisis of middle age hold for women as well as men

question

George Vaillant concludes that the ___ are a decade of reassessing and recording the truth about the adolescent and adulthood

answer

Forties

question

Middle-age partners are more likely to view their marriage as positive if they:

answer

engage in mutual activities

question

In a survey conducted by AARP, the primary reason middle-aged and older women cited for wanting a divorce was:

answer

verbal, physical, or emotional abuse

question

Which of the following statements about sibling relationships is true?

answer

it is rare for sibling closeness to develop for the first time in adulthood

question

According to research on intergenerational relationships, in which of the following ways is an adult child most likely to be similar

answer

in politics

question

Female friendships involve more ____ than male friendships

answer

self-disclosure

question

A recent analysis predicted that __ percent of U.S. adults will be obese in 2030

answer

42

question

In the United States, the most widely recognied marker of entry into adulthood is:

answer

holding a permananent, full time job

question

According to the U.S. government's Occupational Outlook Handbook, which of the following areas of work are expected to account for the most new job in the next decade?

answer

Education

question

According to a lonitudinal study by Jerald Bachman and his colleagues, by the time individuals reach their mid-twenties, ___ their use of alcohol and drugs

answer

many would have reduced

question

One study explored links between health behavior and life satisfaction in more than 17,000 individuals 17 to 30 years of age in 21 countries. Which of the following has NOT been found to be positively related to young adults' life satisfaction?

answer

fiber intake

question

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following is a precursor to intimacy in romantic relationships during emerging adulthood?

answer

Identity development in adolescence

question

By the end of emerging adulthood(age 25), ___ individuals have had sexual intercourse

answer

most

question

According to Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, ___ refers to a heightened state of pleasure experienced when we are engaged in mental and physical challenges that absorb us.

answer

flow

question

___ love is also called companionate love

answer

Affectionate

question

Sustained exercises such as jogging, swimming, or cycling that stimulate the heart and lung activity are known as:

answer

aerobic exercises

question

Results from the "Sex in America" survey suggest that adult sexual behavior is ruled by ___ and ___ for most Americans

answer

marriage; monogamy

question

According to a national study of more than 200,000 freshmen at more than 400 colleges and universities, today's college students experience ___ than students in previous generations

answer

more stress

question

The mortality rate of emerging adults is ___ the mortality rate of adolescents

answer

more than twice

question

Research indicates that links between early attachment styles and later attachment styles were ___ by stressful and disruptive experiences

answer

lessened

question

Nicotine is a ___

answer

stimulant

question

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages is the most important issue to be negotiated in adolescence

answer

identity vs identity confusion

question

According to Piaget, which of the following is the final stage of cognitive development?

answer

formal operational stage

question

If researchers measure an individual's self-esteem at ages 10, 20, 30, and 40 years, where are they likely to find the most stability?

answer

When measured at the age of 20 and then again at the age of 30

question

The transition from adolescence to adulthood has been referred to as emerging adulthood, which occurs from approximately ____

answer

18 to 25

question

Most of us reach our peak physical performance:

answer

before the age or 30, often between the ages of 19 and 26

question

Which of the following is a problem that can plague cross-gender friendships?

answer

unclear sexual boundaries

question

Which of the following statements about the benefits of exercise is true?

answer

exercise can be as effective in reducing depression as psychotherapy

question

Leptin acts as an

answer

anti-obesity hormone

question

All of the following are key features identified by Jeffrey Arnett as characterizing emerging adulthood EXCEPT:

answer

stability

question

A longitudinal study revealed that most bad health habits engaged in during adolescence ___ in emerging adulthood

answer

increased

question

In 1994, Robert Michael and his colleagues conducted a comprehensive survey of American sexual patterns. Results from this "Sex in America" survey suggested that Americans' sexual lives are ____ than previously believed

answer

more conservative

question

Individuals with an anxious attachment style:

answer

demanded closeness in relationships and are more emotional

question

Securely attached adults:

answer

are less likely than others to have one-night stands

question

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following is the sixth developmental stage?

answer

Intimacy vs isolation

question

Erikson describes ___ as finding oneself while losing oneself in another person, and it requires a commitment to another person

answer

intimacy

question

___ infants are defined as those who use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment

answer

securely attached

question

Development in early adulthood involves a balance of:

answer

intimacy and commitment on the one hand with independence and freedom on the other

question

Which theorist proposed the "storm-and-stress" view that adolescence is a turbulent time charged with conflict and mood swings?

answer

G.Stanley Hall

question

Puberty refers to a period of:

answer

rapid physical maturation involving hormonal and bodily changes that occurs primarily during early adolescence

question

A girl's first menstruation is called __

answer

menarche

question

The mean age at the beginning of the growth spurt in girls is ___

answer

9

question

The peak rate of pubertal change occurs at ___ years for girls and __ years for boys

answer

11 1/2; 13 1/2

question

The hormone that is associated with breast, uterine, and skeletal development in girls is"

answer

estradiol

question

___ is a hormone associated in boys with genital development, increased height, and deepening of the vocie

answer

Testosterone

question

The ___, where fibers connect the brains left and right hemispheres, thickens in adolescence, and this improves adolescents' ability to process information.

answer

corpus callosum

question

In a U.S. national survey conducted in 2009, ___ percent of 12th graders reported that they had experienced sexual intercouse, compared with ___ percent of 9th graders

answer

62; 32

question

In a national survey, __ percent orf U.S. 15 to 19 year old boys and ___ percent of girls said they had engaged in oral sex

answer

55;54

question

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner, a teenage girl has a ___ percent risk of getting HIV

answer

1

question

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner, a teenage girl has a __ percent risk of acquiring genital herpes

answer

30

question

A recent national study revealed that ___ percent of U.S. 15 year olds met the federal governement's exercise recommendations on weekdays

answer

31

question

Exercise is related to all of the following positive outcomes in adolescence, EXCEPT:

answer

a lower incidence of type 1 diabetes

question

Almost half of all deaths from 15-24 years of age are due to:

answer

unintentional injuries

question

In about __ percent of motor vehicle fatalities involving adolescents, the driver was found to be intoxicated

answer

50

question

___ is the illicit drug most widely used in the United States, and its use by adolescents increased from 2008 to 2011

answer

marijuana

question

Recent research revealed that ___ parenting was linked to lower adolescent alcohol consumption

answer

authoritative

question

___ refers to a self-centered and self-concerned approach toward others

answer

narcissism

question

Identity development:

answer

gets done in bits and pieces

question

Which of the following is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?

answer

Identity vs identity confusion

question

Which of the following is the term Erik Erikson uses to describe the gap between childhood security and adult autonomy?

answer

psychosocial moratorium

question

Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer from what Erikson calls ___

answer

identity confusion

question

Eriksonian researcher James Marcia reasons that Erikson's theory of identity development contains ___ of identity, or ways of resolving the identity crisis

answer

four statuses

question

According to James Marcia, what determines an individual's identity status?

answer

the existence or extent of their crisis or commitment

question

___ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives

answer

Crisis

question

Which of the following is the term that most researchers use to describe crisis?

answer

Exploration

question

___ reflects an individual's personal investment in identity

answer

commitment

question

Identify the status of individuals who have not yet experienced a crisis or made any commitments

answer

identity diffusion

question

Identity ___ is James Marcia's term for the status of adolescents who are in the midst of a crisis, and whose commitment levels are either absent or only vaguely defined

answer

moratorium

question

Identity ___ is the status of individuals who have made a commitment but not experienced a crisis

answer

foreclosure

question

Identity ___ is the status of individuals who have undergone a crisis and made a commitment

answer

achievement

question

Adolescents in the U.S. spend about ___ percent as much time on schoolwork as their East Asian counterparts do

answer

60

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