psych chapter 16 – Flashcards
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dress a baby girl in pink and a baby boy is blue is an example of
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gender roles used as norms
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when gender roles become rigid and oversimplified, they develop into and are known as gender
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stereotypes
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psychologists disagree about whether gender differences
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a biologically based or learned
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which of the following statements about difference between genders is true?
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girls acquire language somewhat faster than boys
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females tend to outperform males in
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ALL OF THE ABOVE
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in which one of following area do girls tend to outperform boys?
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spelling
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a review of the research found that gender differences in computational abilities gave
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virtually disappeared
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studies find males excel in math problem solving
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in high school and college
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gender differences probably come from
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cultural influences and training
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gender difference in communication styles include
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males talk less about feelings and personal experiences
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compared to adults females,in mixed-sex group, adult males tend to be more
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talkative
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in most cultures, males tend to be suited to warfare and sports competition because of
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higher levels of aggression
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when women act aggressively, they are more likely to
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use indirect aggression
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experts suggest gender differences in aggression may be result of
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ALL OF THE ABOVE
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when choosing a mate,one of the most important factors for men is
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physical appearance
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gender typing usually begins
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before the age of 3
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which of the following is a biological theory for explaining gender typing
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genetic theory
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critics argue that the genetic view of gender roles is false because
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gender roles are learned
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evidence against Freud's explanation for gender typing includes
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the early age at which children tend to display gender typing
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a father who reacts negatively when his son plays with a doll is demonstrarting the learning process called
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reinforcement
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which theory holds that children play an active role in developing gender appropriate
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gender-schema
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why do children develop a gender schema,according to gender-schema theory?
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to organize perceptions
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according to gender-schema theorists, what helps promote gender-typed behavior?
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society's culture ideals
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which of the following exemplifies the change in gender roles over time in western society
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women increasing participation in sports and combat
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what widely accepted idea comes out of Margaret Meeds New Guinea study?
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gender norms and roles vary across culture
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sex of an individual,either male or female
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gender
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widely accepted societal expectation about how males and females should behave
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gender roles
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fixed and oversimplified belief about how women ot men should behave
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gender stereotypes
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skills such as composing sentences and paragraphs, spelling and punctuation
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verbal abilities
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cognitive skills used in math and science
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visual-spatial abilities
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factors in gender differences in special and mathematical abilities
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cultural influences
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affectionate care and attention
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nurturance
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development of gender roles
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gender typing
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hold that gendered traits ensured reproduction and survival of early humans
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genetic theory
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specialization of the two sides of the brain which occurs during fetal development
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lateralization
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taught through the influence of social perssures
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socialized
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process of social learning through the observation and imitation of others
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modeling
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cluster of ideas about qualities, behaviors, and traits associated with one sex or the other
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gender schema
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the study of human cultures
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ethnography
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discussion of reasons in order to reach a decision
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deliberation
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Describe how biological views (genetics and hormones) and psychological views (psychoanalytics theory, social-learning theory, and gender-schema theory) explain how gender types comes about.
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ESSAY
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Descirbe how gender roles how changed over time.Explain Margaret Mead's research on how gender roles vary from culture to culture. (three difference groups of people- the Mundugumor,the Arapeshm, and the Tchambuil)
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ESSAY
