question

Some research suggests that ______ is one of the main factors that influence people's choices for selecting people they want to know better.

answer

physical attractiveness

question

In Sternberg's model, intimacy, passion, and commitment are all present in

answer

consummate love.

question

Studies have shown more conformity

answer

in collectivist cultures.

question

When a person changes his or her own behavior to more closely match the actions of others, this is

answer

compliance.

question

Nick wanted his friend Jason to go skiing with him for the day. Jason didn't want to go because he said it would cost too much money. Nick said it would just cost $20. When they got there, lift tickets cost $20 as Nick said, but Jason also had to pay for ski rentals and rental insurance. Nick used the

answer

lowball technique.

question

To minimize the possibility of groupthink,

answer

leaders should remain impartial.

question

Julie is a psychologist involved in figuring out how to get people to purchase a certain brand of computer. Julie is involved in

answer

consumer psychology

question

People are less likely to be susceptible to the foot-in-the-door technique

answer

in collectivist cultures.

question

Most people associate the term cult with

answer

a fringe group.

question

The fundamental attribution error is less likely

answer

in collectivist cultures

question

When parents tell their children that smoking cigarettes is dangerous and unhealthy, and the children develop negative attitudes toward smoking, it is an example of

answer

direct instruction.

question

Social categorization is

answer

a natural process.

question

A police officer comes to Jane's office to discuss personal safety with the employees there. Despite the seriousness of his message, the police officer jokes and laughs with the employees. Jane nonetheless takes what she learned seriously and begins to pay more attention to her safety. Jane used ______ when receiving the officer's message.

answer

central-route processing

question

Lia becomes afraid of dogs after she sees her mother jump away from dogs every time they pass her on the sidewalk. Lia formed her attitude about dogs by

answer

observational learning

question

Karen is late for work, and her co-worker, Jeff, assumes it is because she is careless and lazy. Jeff is assuming a

answer

dispositional cause.

question

In explaining our own behavior, we tend to use situational attributions rather than personal, which is

answer

the actor-observer bias.

question

Harry's friend Logan studies a lot, so Harry assumes that Logan is smart. Harry's belief is based on

answer

implicit personality theory.

question

Jackson has decided that the best way to help his friend who just lost his job is to loan him some money. What stage of the helping decision process has Jackson just completed?

answer

planning a course of action

question

In the Latane and Darley smoke-filled room study, participants were most likely to report the smoke when

answer

they were the only ones in the room.

question

Ryan sees a woman collapse in the mall. He doesn't run over to help her because he assumes there is probably someone else in the crowd who is a doctor or nurse and who can provide better assistance. This is an example of

answer

diffusion of responsibility.

question

Alcohol has an impact on aggressive behavior by

answer

releasing inhibitions.

question

Zimbardo's prison guard experiment supports the idea that

answer

taking on particular social roles can lead to an increase in aggressive behavior

question

The \"us\" versus \"them\" mentality and the competition between these groups over common resources is part of the

answer

realistic conflict theory.

question

One way to reduce prejudice is to promote personal involvement with people from other groups that is cooperative and occurs when all groups are equal in terms of power or status. This is known as

answer

equal status contact.

question

The \"jigsaw classroom\"

answer

works at the college level and in the lower school grades

question

In Solomon Asch's study, confederates were instructed to

answer

give the incorrect answer to the line-matching task.

question

A person demanding _______ has power or authority to command a behavioral change, rather than just ask for a change.

answer

obedience

question

In the Milgram study and several similar studies, between _____ percent of the participants went all the way up to the 450-volt shock level.

answer

61 and 66

question

A person tries to change the belief, opinion, or course of action of another person through

answer

persuasion.

question

_____ is the attitude about members of a particular social group and _____ is the behavior that can result from that attitude.

answer

Prejudice; discrimination

question

The formation of in-groups and out-groups

answer

begins in childhood.

question

The effect that people's awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group has on their behavior is

answer

stereotype vulnerability

question

According to Sternberg, love consists of intimacy, passion, and

answer

commitment.

question

Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love says that companionate love consists of

answer

intimacy and commitment

question

_______ occurs when a person fails to take responsibility for actions or for inaction because of the presence of other people who are seen to share the responsibility.

answer

Diffusion of responsibility

question

The \"learner\" in Milgram's study

answer

was an actor following a carefully arranged script.

question

If your roommate asks you for a ride to campus and you agree, and then the next day asks if he can borrow your car, it is an example of the

answer

foot-in-the-door technique.

question

Cindy tastes peas for the first time and realizes she does not like them. Cindy formed her attitude about peas through the process of

answer

direct contact.

question

Justin walks into the morning meeting 15 minutes late. His boss, Marco, assumes that traffic was bad this morning. Marco is using an example of

answer

situational cause.

question

Shawn and Tanya start talking after they've ridden on the dorm elevator several times together. This is an example of which rule of attraction?

answer

proximity

question

Karen intentionally tries to hurt Lisa by spreading rumors about her. Karen is engaging in

answer

aggression.

question

Jim jumped into the ocean to save a drowning man, risking his own life in the process. This is an example of

answer

altruism.

question

The fact that Kitty Genovese did not receive help was most likely due to _____.

answer

the presence of multiple witnesses

question

Research on conformity suggests that if a _____ response is required, ______ show more conformity than ______.

answer

public; women; men

question

The war in Iraq, the design of the ship Titanic, and the Challenger disaster are all given in the textbook as examples of

answer

groupthink.

question

Attitudes

answer

are learned through experiences and contact with others

question

People can reduce cognitive dissonance by

answer

forming new cognitions to justify their behavior.

question

Scapegoats are

answer

typically members of the out-group.

question

Strategies for overcoming prejudice include

answer

education and equal status contact.

question

The sadistic behavior of the \"guards\" in Philip Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Study

answer

highlighted the influence that a social role can have on ordinary people

question

Carol is told by a police officer to move her car, and she does so. Carol is showing

answer

obedience.

question

Nicole thinks of herself as an honest, trustworthy person. However, when she doesn't get time to study, she cheats on her history test. Nicole will probably experience

answer

cognitive dissonance.

question

Shawn and Tanya start talking after they've ridden on the dorm elevator several times together. This is an example of which rule of attraction?

answer

proximity

question

Karen intentionally tries to hurt Lisa by spreading rumors about her. Karen is engaging in

answer

aggression.

question

Julie is a psychologist involved in figuring out how to get people to purchase a certain brand of computer. Julie is involved in

answer

consumer psychology

question

Groupthink can be minimized by

answer

voting by secret ballot

question

The Challenger disaster is a classic example of groupthink because

answer

some people knew the shuttle was not OK to launch but did not speak up and therefore disrupt group cohesion.

question

The sadistic behavior of the \"guards\" in Philip Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Study

answer

highlighted the influence that a social role can have on ordinary people

question

Studies have shown that when a person is happy in a marriage, they attribute ________ to dispositional cause.

answer

their spouse's positive actions

question

People can reduce cognitive dissonance by

answer

forming new cognitions to justify their behavior.

question

The presence of others is especially important in influencing helping behavior when a situation is

answer

ambiguous

question

As we interact with others on a daily basis, our behavior, feelings, and thoughts are often guided by

answer

social influence.

question

A person tries to change the belief, opinion, or course of action of another person through

answer

persuasion.

question

Sigmund Freud believed that aggression is

answer

a basic human instinct.

question

Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love says that companionate love consists of

answer

intimacy and commitment.

question

Sherif's 1936 study of conformity involved

answer

asking participants to report the movement of a single point of light in a darkened room.

question

In the Milgram study and several similar studies, between _____ percent of the participants went all the way up to the 450-volt shock level.

answer

61 and 66

question

A person demanding _______ has power or authority to command a behavioral change, rather than just ask for a change.

answer

obedience

question

According to your textbook, the _____ theory explains prejudice and discrimination between the Nazi soldiers and Jewish people during WWII.

answer

realistic conflict

question

When one person meets another person for the first time, ________ occurs.

answer

impression formation

question

In Sternberg's theory, _______ encompasses the physical aspects of love.

answer

passion

question

The effect that people's awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group has on their behavior is

answer

stereotype vulnerability

question

In his experiment on conformity, Asch found that

answer

conformity increased with each new confederate, up to four.

question

The formation of in-groups and out-groups

answer

begins in childhood.

question

The fact that Kitty Genovese did not receive help was most likely due to _____

answer

the presence of multiple witnesses

PSYCH Chapter 10 Critical Analysis

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