question

According to Sigmund Freud, dreams can be interpreted through:

answer

symbols

question

Malik does not get along with his female supervisor. His psychotherapist observes that Malik relates to his supervisor the way he does to his youngest sister, who died a couple of months ago. In the context of psychotherapy, Malik is experiencing _____.

answer

transference

question

Which of the following drugs were discovered in the 1950s to help diminish hallucinations, confusion, agitation, and paranoia in people with schizophrenia?

answer

phenothiazines

question

The oldest and most direct lineage to Freudian therapy is known as ___________________ therapy.

answer

psychoanalytic

question

Alan is in psychotherapy. The therapist tells Alan to recall the recurring dream he's been having and to say whatever comes to his mind, regardless of how threatening or troubling it may seem. The aim of this process is to unlock the meaning of Alan's dream. The technique being used by the therapist in this scenario is called ___________________.

answer

free association

question

Leo is in psychotherapy. The therapist tells Leo to recall the recurring dream he's been having and to say whatever comes to his mind, regardless of how threatening or troubling it may seem. The aim of this process is to unlock the meaning of Leo's dream. Leo's therapist is most likely to be employing _____ therapy.

answer

psychodynamic

question

Of the various classes of antidepressants, which of the following medications have the fewest adverse side effects and can be used for long-term treatments?

answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

question

___________________ is the process of releasing intense, often unconscious, emotions in a therapeutic setting.

answer

catharsis

question

Which of the following processes was attempted in the olden times to cure insanity by drilling a hole in the skull to allow evil spirits to escape?

answer

Trephining

question

Which of the following drugs interact with many foods and common over-the-counter drugs to produce side effects such as a life threatening increase in blood pressure?

answer

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

question

Garrett is taking a phenothiazine as prescribed by his psychiatrist. Which of the following clusters of symptoms is his psychiatrist most likely attempting to treat?

answer

Hallucinations, confusion, and paranoia

question

Which of the following is true about atypical antipsychotics?

answer

They are considered by many physicians to be the first line of treatment for schizophrenia.

question

Which of the following drugs is prescribed for anxiety?

answer

Barbiturates

question

Freud's two major techniques for interpreting dreams in order to uncover their unconscious content were __________________.

answer

free association and symbols

question

Which symptom of schizophrenia does antipsychotic medication work best on?

answer

Hallucinations

question

In ___________________, physicians expose particular brain structures to bursts of high-intensity magnetic fields instead of electricity to treat depression.

answer

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

question

Which of the following reasons is true for why SSRIs take about four weeks to have a therapeutic effect?

answer

It takes that long for new receptor sites to form to make use of the increased serotonin supply

question

In the context of drug therapies, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors treat depression by:

answer

increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain.

question

After the introduction of ___________________, lobotomy fell out of favor.

answer

traditional antipsychotic medications

question

Which of the following can be effective for severe cases of depression in people who have not responded to other therapies?

answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

question

Which of the following is an example of a traditional antipsychotic drug?

answer

phenothiazine

question

Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, and Celexa are some of the more widely used ___________________.

answer

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

question

Which of the following best explains the prevailing view that existed for years, dubbed as the dopamine hypothesis?

answer

Schizophrenia resulted from an excess of dopamine in the brain.

question

Which of the following classes of drug treatment for depression includes imipramine and amitriptyline?

answer

Tricyclic antidepressants

question

Which of the following statements is true about traditional antipsychotics?

answer

Tardive dyskinesia is a particularly problematic side effect of traditional antipsychotics.

question

Which of the following is an example of the biological form of treatment to help alleviate the symptoms of and sometimes cure psychological disorders?

answer

surgical treatments

question

Which of the following is an example of atypical antipsychotics?

answer

olanzapine

question

In which of the following areas of the brain of a depressed patient did Helen Mayberg discover hyperactivity?

answer

Brodmann's Area 25

question

Valium and Librium are _____.

answer

benzodiazepines

question

___________________ is the use of psychological techniques to modify maladaptive behaviors or thought patterns, or both, and to help patients develop insight into their own behavior.

answer

psychotherapy

question

___________________ therapy is an integrative treatment program for people who have post-traumatic stress disorder.

answer

Prolonged exposure

question

Which of the following is true about behavior therapies?

answer

Behavior therapies focus on changing behavior, rather than thoughts, feelings, or motives.

question

which of the following therapies is most likely to be used for the treatment of phobias such as fear of flying

answer

virtual reality therapies

question

Which of the following is true of systematic desensitization?

answer

In systematic desensitization, the therapist generates a hierarchy of increasing contact with the feared object, ranging from mild to extreme.

question

A treatment that uses a combination of light stimulation and genetics to manipulate the activity of individual neurons is known as _____.

answer

optogenetics

question

___________________ is an extreme form of in vivo exposure in which the client experiences extreme exposure to the phobic object.

answer

implosion therapy

question

Traditional psychodynamic therapies viewed anxiety as the main symptom of what was then commonly called _____.

answer

neurosis

question

Treatment that integrates elements of cognitive behavioral therapy with exercises aimed at developing mindfulness without meditation is called _____ therapy.

answer

dialectical behavior

question

Which of the following was shown to be the most effective combination treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

answer

drug and behavioral therapies

question

Client-centered therapy holds that people have mental health problems because:

answer

there is a gap between who they are and who they would ideally like to be

question

In optogenetics, which of the following is used in combination with genetics to manipulate the activity of individual neurons?

answer

light stimulation

question

Which of the following is true about group therapies?

answer

Group therapies often follow a structured process, with clear treatment goals such as learning to overcome social anxiety disorder.

question

In a recent study, researchers used light to stimulate neurons in the orbitofrontal region of the brain in mice and were able to decrease compulsive behaviors. Which of the following techniques have the researchers used?

answer

Optogenetics

question

In an effort to get him to clean his bedroom, Zack's mother gave him a gold star every time he cleaned it. Each time he earned five stars, he was able to trade them in for a new toy. Now his room is usually clean. In this case, Zack's mother has used _____.

answer

token economies

question

Any type of psychotherapy that works to restructure irrational thought patterns is known as ___________________ therapy.

answer

cognitive

question

___________________ therapy appears to improve the basic life skills of schizophrenics.

answer

Long-term group

question

Which of the following statements is true about mindfulness-based cognitive therapy?

answer

It helps people with depression learn to recognize and restructure negative thought patterns.

question

___________________ therapy entails restructuring thoughts, loosening the client's belief in irrational thoughts that may perpetuate the disorder, and offering incentives for acquiring more adaptive thought and behavior patterns.

answer

Cognitive-behavioral

question

***When psychologists make treatment choices based on the empirical evidence of their efficacy, they are engaging in ___________________ therapies.

answer

evidence-based

question

Which of the following is true about the "dodo bird verdict"?

answer

The verdict states that most forms of psychological therapies are effective and a few differences exist in their effectiveness.

question

Which of the following is a potentially exciting future therapy for psychological disorders?

answer

The regulation of specific genes involved in various mental disorders

question

_____ focuses on identifying risk factors for developing disorders, targeting at-risk populations, and offering training programs that decrease the likelihood of disorders occurring

answer

prevention

question

Which of the following forms of treatment helps in treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

answer

Loving-kindness meditation

question

___________________ is a widely used application of behavioral treatment that is especially effective for treating simple phobias

answer

Systematic desensitization

question

Which of the following is the most important function of the presence of others in group therapy?

answer

It shows participants that they are not alone in their experience.

question

Dr. Hall is in a therapy session with his client Steve, who is a violent criminal. Although Dr. Hall does not approve of his actions, he still shows genuine acceptance and empathy for him, regardless of what he has done. In the context of client-centered therapy, Dr. Hall is expressing _____.

answer

unconditional positive regard

question

In ___________________, the therapist poses questions that help the client recognize erroneous logic that may support problematic thinking

answer

Socratic method

question

In the context of treatment of psychological disorders, some therapists draw on numerous techniques and use those that seem most appropriate for the situation. This form of therapy is known as _____ therapy.

answer

integrative

question

Mallory, a compulsive gambler, regularly attends therapeutic meetings in which there is a group facilitator and an open format. Although there are no formal program goals, she says she benefits greatly from the sense of community offered by people who share common situations in life. Nancy is attending _____.

answer

a support group

question

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) encourages the ___________________ of events previously viewed as stressful.

answer

reappraisal

question

Geri, who is schizophrenic, experiences a cluster of adverse side effects from taking antipsychotics. Her symptoms include involuntary facial movements and body tremors. Geri is most likely to have developed a condition called _____.

answer

tardive dyskinesia

question

Which of the following is true about free association as a technique for interpreting dreams?

answer

The client recounts a dream and then tries to take one image or idea and say whatever comes to mind, regardless of how threatening, disgusting, or troubling it may be.

question

In optogenetics, which of the following is used in combination with genetics to manipulate the activity of individual neurons?

answer

Light stimulation

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