Psych ch 2 brain – Flashcards
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Pons
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Located above the cerebellum and medulla, involved in respiration, movement, waking, sleep, and dreaming.
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Mindbrain
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In the middle of the brain responsible for coordinating movement patterns, sleep, and arousal. Works with the pons to control sleep and arousal. Also contains a small structure involved with the neurotransmitter dopamine.
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Forebrain
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Upper level brain structures including, the thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, and cerebral cortex.
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Thalamus
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Relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex, and directs this information to the appropriate cortical areas.
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Hypothalamus
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Lies beneath the thalamus, called the "master control center". Helps govern drives by regulating endocrine system (hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression)
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Limbic System
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Interconnected group of fore brain structures involved with emotions, drives, and memory.
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Hippocampus
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Part of the limbic system involved in forming and retrieving memories , also a major focus is the production and regulation of emotions.
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Amygdala
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Limbic system structure linked to the production and regulation of emotions. Another major function is its role in pleasure or reward.
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Cerebral Cortex
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Thin surface layer on the cerebral hemispheres that regulates most complex behavior, including sensations, motor control, and higher mental processes. Considered the "essence of life"
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Frontal Lobes
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Two lobes at the front of the brain governing motor control, speech production, and higher functions, such as thinking, personality, emotion, and memory.
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Brocas Area
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Crucial role in speech production in the left frontal lobe, and only in left hemisphere.
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Parietal Lobes
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Two lobes at the top of the brain just behind the frontal lobes, contain somatosensory cortex, which interpret bodily sensations including pain, touch, temperature, and location of body parts.
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Temporal Lobes
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Two lobes on each side of the brain above the ears involved in hearing, language comprehension, memory, and some emotional control. Left temporal lobe- Wernicke's area: Patients with damage could not understand what they read or heard, but could speak quickly and easily.
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Auditory Cortex
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Processes sound and is located at the top front of each temporal lobe.
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Occipital Lobes
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Located at the lower back of the brain, are responsible for vision, shape, color, motion, and visual perception.
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Association Areas
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So- called quiet areas in the cerebral cortex involved in, interpreting, integrating, and acting on information processed by other parts of the brain.
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Motor Cortex
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Part of frontal lobe, controls voluntary movement.
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Visual Cortex
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Part of occipital lobe, receives and processes visual information.
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Somatosensory Cortex
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Part of parietal lobe, receives sensory messages.
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Corpus Callosum
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Bundle of nerve fibers connecting the brains left and right hemispheres.
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