question

Materialism is the belief that

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all things can be described in physical terms

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Stumpf's method of observation was

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phenomenology

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Contemporary cognitive psychologists' computer model of AI is a direct descendent of

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Babbage's calculating machine

question

Psychology was founded by

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Wundt

question

Kulpe opposed Wundt by claiming that conscious thought processes can be carried out without the presence of sensations or feelings. Kulpes view is known as

answer

Imageless thought

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The term Zeitgeist refers to

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the intellectual and cultural climate of the times

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James Mill demonstrated a radical perspective because he believed that the mind is a

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machine

question

The Zeitgeist of 17th-19th century Europe and of US was marked by

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mechanism

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As his measure of learning, Ebbinghaus adapted a method from

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the associationists

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Which of the following idea has psychology borrowed from natural physics

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effects are predictable and measurable

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In modern terminology, Descartes would argue that if the inputs are known, the behavioral outputs can be predicted. Thus he is an intellectual ancestor of

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S-R psychology

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______are mechanized figures that almost perfectly duplicate the movements of living things.

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Automata

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Aristotle held that the mind was a wax slate upon which impressions are made. Locke invoked the metaphor of the ___ to illustrate the same phenomenon.

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tabula rasa

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Which of the following are the three dimensions of Wundt's tridimensional theory of feelings/

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pleasure/displeasure, tension/relaxation, excitement/depression

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Descarte's dualism was novel in its emphasis on the

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influence of the body on the mind

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The doctrine of_____is important because it stimulated opposition among early empiricists and associationists.

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innate ideas

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If a tree falls in the forest and no one is present to hear it, then the fall makes no sound. Using Locke's distinctions, this conclusion assumes that the sound is a___

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secondary quality

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Berkeley's basic difference with Locke was the former's arguement that

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there are no primary qualities

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The practice of psychosurgery such as prefrontal lobotomies, has its roots in the

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extirpation method

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Kulpes method emphasized all of the following except

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investigation of unconscious processes

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In the US, the ____brothers had a profitable and extensive business in selling phrenology readings.

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Fowler

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Fechner's work had proved Kant wrong when Kant said that

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psychology could never be a science

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The researcher credited with the finding that nerve impulses are electrical within the neuron is

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Galvani

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German universities were especially fertile ground for scientific advances because

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there was academic freedom for students and faculty alike

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Wundt's system is most accurately called

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experimental psychology

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According to Descartes, the pineal gland was the part of the brain

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where the mind and body interact

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The cultural psychology of Wundt examined evidence from

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examination of language, myths, customs, law, and morals

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Who invented the opthalmoscope

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Helmholtz

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Wunts term voluntarism reflects his emphasis on the

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power of the will to organize the contents of the mind

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Weber's Law, the formulation of how much change in a stimulus is required for a subject to detect it, rests on the measurement of the

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just noticeable difference

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Bessel began the study of individual differences in perception by noting that

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astronomers differed in their time estimates in measuring the transit of a star

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Both the term and concept of positivism represent the thought of

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Comte

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Which of the following is true of Fechner

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All of the above. (taught at Leipzig, pleasure principle, damaged eyes w colored glasses, cured of symptoms by eating raw ham)

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Brentano's system of psych was called ____ psychology

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act

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The scientific study of the relations between mental and physical processes is a definition of

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psychophysics

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_____ created phrenology, which proposed that the topography of a person's skull revealed his or her intellectual and emotional characteristics.

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Gall

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In Fechner's law, S is the ___

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magnitude of the sensation

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In his early work when he was his own experimental subject, the 29 yr old William Wundt found that he could

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not pay attention to two things at once

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For Wundt, the subject matter of psychology was

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consciousness

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According to Wundt, psychology should be concerned with the study of

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immediate experience

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Fechner's most important contribution to psychology was the

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quantification of the mind-body relationship

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Wundtian psychology in Germany was slow to develop because

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it was not seen as having practical value

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One of Helmholtz's particular contributions to psychology was his work on

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vision

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Ebbinghaus is important for the history of psychology because he

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successfully challenged Wundt's claim that higher mental processes, such as learning and memory, could not be studied in the laboratory

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The fundamental purpose of creating nonsense syllables is to

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control for previous learning

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What invention was considered the perfect metaphor for the "spirit of mechanism"?

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clock

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Ebbinghaus developed a _____, considered by some to be the first successful test of higher mental process and used today, in modified form, in cognitive ability tests.

answer

sentence-completion exercise

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Stumpf's method of observation was

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phenomenology

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What is the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli?

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just noticeable difference

question

While Hartley's fundamental law of association was ____, he also proposed that ____ was necessary for associations to be formed

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contiguity; repetition

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Ebbinghaus's work on learning and forgetting has been judged one of the great instances of original genius in experimental psychology.

answer

True

question

Comte would argue that because God perceives the world, objects in it remain constant

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False

question

There was little difference between James Mill and son John Stuart Mill in their interpretation of human mental functioning.

answer

False

question

Broca's area was discovered using the extirpation method

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False

question

If you look at a rose and report "The rose is red" then you are describing immediate experience

answer

True

question

Locke used simple and complex ideas to describe his theory of association, now known as learning.

answer

True

question

Helmholtz produced the first empirical evidence that thought and movement are successive and not concurrent.

answer

True

question

Wundts cultural psychology gained acclaim by distinguishing itself from philosophy

answer

False

question

The essence of Weber's Law is that the just noticeable difference depends on the relative difference between two intensities of stimulation

answer

True

question

For Descarte, the functions of the body operate according to mechanical principles

answer

True

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