PSYCH 205 Exam 2 – Flashcards
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Which of the following is an example of a somatic symptom of depression?
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sleeping problems
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For several years, Greg has experienced alternating episodes of very severe depression and episodes of hypomania. What is the most appropriate DSM diagnosis?
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bipolar II disorder
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A chronic but less severe form of bipolar disorder is called
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cyclothymia
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What do cross-cultural studies of psychopathology suggest concerning depression?
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Depression is a universal phenomenon that may be expressed differently depending on culture.
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Which of the following characterizes a cognitive therapy approach to the treatment of depression?
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reducing patients' self-defeating thoughts
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According to the DSM, there are two symptoms that are particularly characteristic of major depression, and at least one of these symptoms must be present to meet criteria for this disorder. The two symptoms that are strongly characteristic are depressed mood and _________ .
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Anhedonia
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Among patients who respond positively to antidepressant medication
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improvement usually occurs within four to six weeks
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________________ refers to your state of physiological, cognitive, and behavioral arousal, while _____________refers to the observable parts of your emotions that let others know what you are feeling.
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Emotion; affect
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Research on gender differences found in prevalence rates of major depression has supported that
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the gender difference in these prevalence rates is quite genuine and likely due to real male/female differences.
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Which of the following best represents the meaning of "learned helplessness"?
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Giving up when uncontrollable negative events happen to you
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In what way is fear different from anxiety?
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Fear occurs in the face of real immediate danger.
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Which of the following statements about panic attacks is true?
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Panic attacks are sometimes triggered by the environment, sometimes unexpected.
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In contrast to non-phobic fear, a phobia involves
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attempts to avoid an object or situation.
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Obsessions are to ____________________, as compulsions are to ______________________.
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thoughts; behaviors
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Which of the following statements about the changes in anxiety disorders from DSM-IV to DSM-5 is FALSE?
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OCD and PTSD are now in categories separate from the other anxiety disorders because it is clear that OCD and PTSD respond to different types of treatment and show distinct patterns in family studies.
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Which one of the following is the only anxiety disorder that does NOT exhibit a significant gender difference?
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obsessive-compulsive disorder
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The treatment technique known as Systematic Desensitization involves
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exposure to the feared item while maintaining relaxation.
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In the treatment of phobias, the term "flooding" refers to
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exposure to highly feared objects.
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The term "free floating anxiety" refers to
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the non specific anxiety experienced by those with generalized anxiety disorder.
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Which of the following is TRUE concerning the anxiety disorders?
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Anxiety disorders often co-occur with other disorders, especially depression.
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Which of the following statements about substance use is FALSE?
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If someone has a substance use disorder, they will experience the presence of withdrawal symptoms.
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What type of drug is alcohol?
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CNS depressant
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Which age group has the highest prevalence rates for alcohol use disorder?
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young adults
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When studying the biological basis of addiction, scientists have devoted considerable attention to the neurotransmitter:
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dopamine.
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The cognitive behavioral model of relapse prevention is concerned with the abstinence violation effect. What is the abstinence violation effect?
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When a person attributes the cause of an initial lapse to a stable internal factor such as a lack of willpower and ends up relapsing.
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Comprehensive reviews of the research literature regarding treatment of alcoholism and drug abuse tell us that:
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many people improve for a while but relapse is common
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Several studies have found that initial experimentation with drugs among adolescents is more likely to occur in those:
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Who show traits of extroversion and rebelliousness.
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______________ represents a class of drugs in which you see fairly high rates of dependence but also for which you ironically see relatively much lower rates of receiving treatment.
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Pain relievers
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According to studies comparing substance use and dependence across countries:
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Drinking rates are higher in younger age groups in countries that have lower drinking ages.
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The most commonly employed type of treatment for addictions is:
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Self-help groups.
