Psych 100: Sensation & Perception – Flashcards
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If you are experiencing habituation, _______.
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your sensory receptors are still responding to stimuli.
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As your lens hardens through aging, you may have trouble with _______.
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focusing on near objects.
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Which part of the eye receives sensory signals and relays that information to the brain?
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Retnia
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The image projected on the retina is _______.
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upside down and reserved from left to right.
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When Stephen looks out at a field of red, purple, and yellow tulips, he can only see shades of gray. His condition is _______.
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monochrome color blindness.
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The _______ passes messages from the ear to the brain.
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auditory nerve
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Wever and Bray theorized that groups of auditory neurons take turns firing in a process called _______.
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volleying.
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Normal aging causes loss of hair cells in the _______.
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cochlea.
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Nerve hearing impairment can be helped with the use of _______.
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cochlear implants.
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The cilia in the nose act most like the _______.
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taste buds on the tongue.
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When you smell an odor, which aspect of the substance you are smelling actually enters your nose to create the sensation of smell?
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Particles of the substance itself.
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_______ pain is detected in the organs.
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Visceral
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When you close your eyes and your hand above your head, you know where your hand is because of _______.
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the kinesthetic sense.
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Randy and Amad are both listening to the same music. Randy thinks the music is mellow and relaxing while Amad thinks the music is unpleasant to the ear. Randy and Amad appear to have different _______ when it comes to the music they are listening to.
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perceptions
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In the figure-ground relationship, one has a tendency to perceive objects _______.
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as existing on a background.
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The tendency to believe that the dummy, not the ventriloquist, is doing the talking is largely due to _______.
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contiguity.
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People who are blind from birth, but later have their sight restored, are unlikely to develop _______.
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depth perception
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_______ is also called a muscular cue.
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Accommodation
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Which of the following is TRUE about the moon illusion?
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It is due to the mind's misapplication of size constancy.
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In _______, a small, stationary light in a darkened room will appear to move because of the lack of cues to indicate that the light is not moving.
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the autokinetic effect
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In making a large pot of chili for a family reunion, you find that you have to add 1 onion to your pot of chili that already has 5 onions mixed in it to noticed a difference. According to Weber's Law, how many onions would you have to add to notice a difference if you are making twice as much chili with 10 onions?
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2
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A study purportedly conducted by James Vicary teaches us about the power of subliminal perception and its effect on advertising?
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Subliminal advertising was never supported, since Vicary ultimately admitted that he never truly conducted such a study.
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You detect the strong smell of cedar when you enter a furniture store. However, after a short while in the store, you no longer can detect the smell. This process is known as _______.
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sensory adaptation.
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Which of the following terms refers to the amplitude of a light wave such as how high or low the wave is?
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Brightness
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When an ophthalmologist surgically corrects a patient's vision through LASIK or PRK, the doctor is making adjustments to the patent's ________.
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cornea
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What part of the eye hardens as we age thus causing many to suffer from presbyopia?
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Lens
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A deer's inability to quickly respond to the headlights of an approaching car is due to what sensory phenomenon?
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Light adaptation
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The hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup are part of the _______.
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middle ear.
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John has played his music loudly for years. Now, in his 20s, he finds he has a continuous ringing in both of his ears. What would John probably be diagnosed with?
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Tinnitus, which is a nerve-based disorder that has no permanent cure.
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Studies show that taste preference can typically begin _______.
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before a baby is born.
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June is suffering from a severe cold. His nose has been stopped up for several days. What effect, if any, might his cold have on his sense of taste?
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His sense of taste will be dulled since taste and smell often work together.
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If a child suffers from congenital analgesia, why must he or she be careful when outside playing?
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The child cannot feel pain and can suffer injuries without even knowing it.
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If Tabitha closes her eyes when she rides in her parent's car, she can still tell that the car is moving. This is due to the movement of tiny crystals in the _______.
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otolith organs.
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A child may sometimes play by quickly turning around in a circle. When the child stops, he or she often feels like his or her head is still spinning. What is responsible for this sensation?
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Fluid still rotating in the semicircular canals.
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Little Karla is with her mother at the docks waiting for her daddy to return from his naval deployment. While the boat is still a ways out, her mother says, "There is daddy's boat." Karla is confused. She cannot understand how her dad can be on a boat that is so small that she can hold up her thumb and the boat disappears. It's safe to assume that Karla does not yet understand _______.
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size constancy.
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In viewing the items above, seeing three columns of Xs on the left versus three rows of Xs on the right can be explained by the Gestalt principle of _______.
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proximity.
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From past experience, you know that commercial jets typically fly around 500 miles per hour at a height of 30,000 feet. However, as you watch one fly high overhead, it seems to slowly pass by. What monocular depth cue best explains this?
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Motion parallax
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The Muller-Lyer illusion is influenced greatly by one's _______.
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culture.
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Allison opened her new jigsaw puzzle but soon realized that she had the same puzzle when she was a child. With her past experience to rely upon, Allison will probably use _______ to help her reassemble the puzzle.
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top-down processing
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Kip enjoys playing with sparklers on the 4th of July. He always loves watching his friend run with a sparkler and the momentary trail of light that seems to be left behind. Which aspect of our visual system best explains this trail of light?
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Persistence of vision