psy exam 4 – Flashcards
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A 567-item true/false self-report test that compares individual responses to samples of others who are either "normal" or known to have a mental health disorder is the
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MMPI-2.
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Pedro has been arguing with his spouse lately, and this arguing has begun to cause Pedro serious problems in his marital relationship. Karen Horney would most likely say that Pedro's argumentative behavior stems from his
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basic anxiety.
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Jamie's parents try to help her feel that she is worthy of their love and acceptance no matter what she would ever do. Her parents could best be described as giving
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unconditional positive regard.
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According to Gordon Allport, if a person is very assertive in most situations, assertiveness would be considered a ___________________ of that person.
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central trait
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When Wendy kissed James she said, "I love you Bill." Followers of Freud would say that this was
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a Freudian slip.
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If a researcher gives a personality test to several individuals and compares their resulting personality profiles with actual observations of the individuals' behavior, she is undoubtedly testing the ________________ of the personality tests.
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validity
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Tai Pen is reliable, hardworking, and punctual. Tai Pen would score high on which dimension in the five factor trait theory?
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conscientiousness
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Five-year-old Mark states that he wants to marry his mom, and whenever his mom and dad get close to each other he tries to get in between them. Freud would describe this behavior as an expression of the
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Oedipal complex.
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If your psychology teacher subscribes more to trait theory than to other personality theories, she is likely to believe that personality
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is a product of social and environmental situations
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Darnell is a psychologist who believes that personality is driven solely by unconscious motives and conflicts. From which perspective does Darnell most likely view human behavior?
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psychoanalytic
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Daniel hits his sister when he is mad at her. According to Freud, Daniel's aggression is an impulse stemming from his
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id
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Rosalinda wants a new doll, but has no money. The though of stealing crosses her mind, but she doesn't steal because stealing is wrong. According to Freud, her decision not to steal is most influenced by her
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superego
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How are the phallic stage and gential stage similar?
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sexual drive
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In Jung's theory, persona is to _______ as shadow is to_______
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appearance, negative tendencies
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Tomas has never felt very good about his accomplishments and typically will focus on any mistake he has made as a way of proving that he is not worthy. According to Adler....
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Tomas may have developed an inferiority complex
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Stella believes that events of her life are determined largely by a supreme being. Rotter would say Stella has what kind of locus of control?
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external
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Ziyi believes she cannot master Spanish. She avoids the homework and doesn't study for the tests since she believes she won't do well. According to Bandura, Ziyi is most likely low in....
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self-efficacy
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Jamie's parents try to help her feel that she is worthy of their love and acceptance no matter what she would ever do. Her parents are giving her,,,,
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unconditional positive regard
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A cognitive therapist is working with a depressed client. Which of the following causes is the likely focus of this therapist's intervention?
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negative interpretations of life events
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Individuals with personality disorders do not usually seek treatment because
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they do not see anything wrong with their behavior.
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Leo worries all of the time. He worries about his money, his children, and his dog. His muscles are always tense and sore, he has trouble sleeping, is often irritable, and has difficulty concentrating. Leo's symptoms sound most like __________.
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generalized anxiety disorder
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George is suffering from an obsessive-compulsive disorder. If he tries to stop his compulsive behaviors, he is likely to experience __________.
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severe anxiety
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The police find a man who is disheveled and in a daze wandering through the downtown area. When the police ask him for his name, he seems bewildered. A search of missing persons photographs reveals that this man was reported missing three months ago in a town more than 700 miles away. The man is most likely suffering from what?
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Dissociative Fugue Disorder.
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In the last six months Shelly has visited her physician ten times to complain of numerous physical symptoms. The physician has been unable to find a physical cause for her symptoms. What category of psychological disorders is the physician likely to suspect Shelly exhibits?
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Somatoform.
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Marty is moody, manipulative, unstable, lacks a clear sense of identity, and often clings to others. He wants to have close relationships, but is unable to do so because he is untrusting of others. Marty is suffering from __________ personality disorder.
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borderline
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Michelle was involved in a terrible car accident in which her brother was killed and has experienced recurrent flashbacks and nightmares since the accident. She may have
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PTSD
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A DSM diagnosis involves an evaluation of
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many different elements of a person's condition and situation
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Dr. Lubold views abnormal behavior as stemming from people's inability to accept themselves. Dr. Lubold endorses the _______ perspective.
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humanistic.
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Joanna is experiencing severe anxiety. Her psychiatrist attributes her disorder to a chemical imbalance. Her psychiatrist is using the ___________ of abnormality.
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biological model
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Jeb is impulsive and disregards the rights of others without showing any remorse or guilt for his actions. It is most likely that Jeb has which one of the following personality disorders?
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antisocial personality disorder
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Eve seeks treatment to learn how to relax. When her therapist hypnotizes her, her voice changes and someone claiming her name is "Joan" begins to speak. During therapy, 23 separate entities, each with its own name, personal style, and memories emerge. Eve appears to be suffering from what?
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Dissociative Identity Disorder.
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When Bob noticed a pain in his thigh, he was convinced he had bone cancer. Although X-rays revealed no sign of cancer, Bob sought the opinions of a dozen other physicians who agreed with the original opinion. What psychological disorder might Bob's behavior indicate?
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Hypochondriasis
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Julia grew up in an environment in which no matter what she did, she could not control the important events in her life. According to social learning theorists, she is likely to develop
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learned helplessness
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Jack sometimes experiences periods of boundless but unfocused energy, and then at other times he loses interest in life and experiences profound sadness. Jack is exhibiting the symptoms of
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bipolar disorder
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Danika has been sad and downcast for the last three years. She feels worthless and has difficulty making decisions, although she is able to manage her responsibilities for the most part. Danika is most likely to be diagnosed with
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dythymic disorder
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Shirley has a psychological disorder in which her connection with reality is weak in that her thinking is disorganized and she experiences hallucinations. Shirley would most likely be diagnosed with
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schizophrenia
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Gary takes antipsychotic drugs to control the symptoms of schizophrenia. After taking the drug for some time, he begins exhibiting repetitive, involuntary jerks and movements of his face, lips, and legs. Gary is showing signs of __________.
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tardive dyskinesia
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An advantage to group therapy is that groups __________.
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are a source of social support
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The use of antianxiety medications carries which of the following disadvantages?
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the possibility of addiction
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What three key characteristics of the therapist are crucial in client-centered therapy?
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empathy, genuineness, unconditional positive regard
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The goal of rational-emotive therapy is to
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identify and change irrational beliefs.
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Omar is currently undergoing psychoanalysis. His therapist asks him to keep a journal by his bed and write down his dreams immediately upon awakening. Omar brings his journal to therapy and discusses his dreams with his therapist. Omar's therapist is attempting to do which of the following?
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uncover repressed material
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Lulu sees a professional once a month to manage the medication she is taking to help alleviate the symptoms of her anxiety disorder. The type of therapy Lulu is undergoing is called ___________.
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biomedical therapy
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You let your fingers do the walking through the Yellow Pages looking for a psychotherapist. Your attention is drawn to an advertisement for a group practice described as eclectic. When you call the receptionist to ask for a description of the practice, what will you be told?
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"Our staff uses a combination of methods to fit the client's needs."
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Makena is in therapy for depression. Makena and her therapist work together in therapy to identify her negative automatic thoughts. They then test the accuracy of these thoughts. Makena is most likely undergoing...
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cognitive therapy.
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Which of the following techniques would be most appropriate for treating overeating or smoking?
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aversion therapy
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Whereas psychotherapists generally_____, psychiatrists _____.
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cannot prescribe medications; can prescribe medications
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Bill is seeking treatment for alcoholism. Each week he, his wife, and his children meet with a therapist to discuss the functioning of the family as a whole. Bill is participating in what kind of therapy?
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family therapy
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Cassie is diagnosed with severe depression. Her psychiatrist has prescribed many medications and psychotherapy, all of which have not seemed to alleviate her depression. Her psychiatrist is now recommending ___________.
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electroconvulsive therapy
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Imagining the embarrassment of being caught by your colleagues in the midst of a sexually deviant behavior is an example of the technique of
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covert sensitization therapy.
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Research on the effectiveness of client-centered therapy suggests that it
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is at least as effective as other types of therapy.
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what kind of problems would systematic desensitization most likely be used?
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A fear.
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Jorge and Liza have been married for eight years. During the early years of their marriage they rarely fought and had little difficulty settling their minor disputes. Lately, however, they cannot agree and constantly bicker and insult one another. Often, they go days without speaking to each other to avoid another confrontation. Jorge and Liza might best be helped with
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couple's therapy
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Iram is afraid of snakes. In an effort to help him overcome his fear, his therapist has him enter a room where there are dozens of snakes and has him hold them. Iram is not permitted to leave the room until the therapy session is completed. Iram's therapist is using what technique?
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flooding
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Eye-movement desensitization reprocessing is primarily used for treatment of what?
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trama
