question

What current illness symbolizes the worst fears about dying?

answer

Cancer

question

Cancer symbolizes the

answer

Worst fears of our age

question

Which of the following terms BEST describes the process of a person who questions, "Am I responsible for bringing this illness on myself?"

answer

Magical Thinking

question

Corr's primary dimensions in coping with dying are physical, psychological, spiritual, and

answer

Social

question

Which statement best reflects the closed awareness context of family interactions in response to a life-threatening illness?

answer

The dying person is not aware of his or her impending death although others may know about it

question

According to Glaser and Strauss, which of the following communication styles are used by families when a family member is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness? 1. Closed awareness 2. Open awareness 3. Mutual pretense 4. Open pretense

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

Which of the following statements is an example of the open awareness context of family interactions in response to a life-threatening illness?

answer

Death is acknowledged and discussed.

question

Mutual pretense, as a way of coping with painful circumstances such as a terminal illness,

answer

can be a useful short-term strategy for coping with a painful situation.

question

How many stages are associated with the model of coping with life-threatening illness presented by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross?

answer

Five

question

According to Kubler-Ross, all of the following are associated with a life-threatening illness EXCEPT

answer

Belief

question

In Kenneth Doka's "Tasks in Coping with Life-threatening Illness," which phase is characterized by living with the disease and managing symptoms and side effects

answer

Chronic

question

According to Avery Weisman, the process of coping with a terminal illness can be divided into how many interrelated tasks?

answer

Three

question

According to Avery Weisman, coping with life threatening illness involves tasks of maintaining a sense of optimism and hope and confronting the problem and

answer

revising one's plans as necessary.

question

The real estate wanted advertisement in the text is used to illustrate which of the following?

answer

Desires to accomplish plans that previously had been put off to be done in the future

question

Which of the following are the three major psychological and behavioral patterns that individuals use in coping with the threat of death as identified by Therese Rando? 1. Retreat and conservation of energy 2. Attack and evaluate the threat 3. Attempting to master or control the threat of death 4. Exclusion from the threat of death

answer

1, 3, and 4

question

What is the aim of meaning-based coping?

answer

To maintain a person's sense of positive well-being Correct

question

The spreading of cancer to various parts of the body is known as

answer

metastasis.

question

Metastasis is BEST defined as

answer

the spreading of cancer to various parts of your body.

question

A biopsy is BEST defined as

answer

the surgical removal of a small amount of tissue for diagnosis.

question

What is the oldest effective form of cancer therapy?

answer

Surgery

question

What is the oldest and most common form of cancer therapy?

answer

Surgery

question

Side effects experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy can include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

cyanotic lymph nodes.

question

The therapies included under complementary and alternative medicine are sometime referred to as

answer

integrative medicine.

question

Bioenergetics, homeopathic medicine, and yoga are what form of cancer treatment option?

answer

Complementary and alternative therapies

question

What is visualization?

answer

The patient imagines the therapeutic agent inside the body helping to restore well-being.

question

What is ikigai ryoho?

answer

A psychotherapy that helps patients live fully and meaningfully

question

A psychotherapeutic technique used in Japan to assist cancer patients in finding meaning and living life to the fullest is known as

answer

ikigai ryoho.

question

What is ethnomedicine?

answer

Conventional biomedicine and folk beliefs

question

What is the positive response to a treatment that a person believes to be an effective therapy?

answer

Placebo effect

question

Methods of treatment that the medical establishment considers unproved or potentially harmful are called

answer

unorthodox therapies.

question

What term do Shupe and Hadden use to identify varied therapies such as "faith healing, supernatural healing, and folk healing?"

answer

Symbolic healing

question

Which is the most common physical symptom in terminally ill patients?

answer

Pain

question

What is now viewed as a "vital sign" that should be considered along with temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure?

answer

Pain

question

What is now viewed as the "fifth vital sign?"

answer

Pain

question

Chronic pain usually persists longer than

answer

three to six months.

question

Which of the following statements about pain is true?

answer

Responses to pain are culturally shaped.

question

What is a critical first step in accessing and managing pain?

answer

Believing that the pain is real

question

According to Yvette Colon of the American Pain Foundation, what is a critical first step in assessing and managing pain?

answer

Belief that pain is real

question

Which of the following statements regarding pain is NOT true?

answer

Patients with severe pain often obtain euphoric sensations from drugs.

question

Which of the following BEST describes a lingering dying trajectory?

answer

A patient dies from a progressive chronic illness.

question

A patient's "total pain" includes 1. psychological. 2. economic. 3. social. 4. spiritual.

answer

1, 3, and 4

question

What did Eric Cassell write about the social role of the dying patient?

answer

The death of the body is a physical phenomenon whereas the passing of the person is nonphysical. Correct

question

Which of the following are spiritual needs of dying patients? 1. Need for hope and creativity 2. Need to complete a will for loved ones 3. Need to give and receive love 4. Need for meaning and purpose

answer

1, 3, and 4

question

Often, the only task that matters in being with someone who is dying is to

answer

stay close and do nothing.

question

Bereavement is defined as the

answer

objective event of loss.

question

The emotional reaction and responses of anguish, anger, or relief to the death of a loved one are collectively termed

answer

grief.

question

In addition to insomnia and changes in appetite, physical disturbance that occurs with grief typically includes

answer

tightness of the throat.

question

Which of the following are usually identified as physical symptoms of grief? 1. Shortness of breath 2. Muscle weakness 3. Empty feeling in the abdomen 4. Cerebral placidity

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

What is our "assumptive world?"

answer

The world we expect to be stable and reliable

question

In contrast to the reaction to loss, what is the PROCESS by which a bereaved person integrates a loss into his or her ongoing life?

answer

Mourning

question

Wearing a black armband traditionally signifies

answer

a conventional mourning behavior.

question

What is a way of signifying mourning among some Native Americans?

answer

Cutting one's own hair short

question

A theme common to mourning behaviors cross-culturally is that the bereaved

answer

are different and this difference diminishes with time.

question

Whose model focuses on four tasks of mourning, including accepting the reality of the loss, processing the pain of grief, and finding an enduring connection with the deceased?

answer

Worden

question

The concept of adjusting to a world without the deceased is associated with

answer

J. William Worden's tasks of mourning.

question

Who is known for the paper "Mourning and Melancholia?"

answer

Freud

question

Attachments and the processes by which we relinquish them were central concerns in the work of

answer

John Bowlby.

question

The grief-work model has been widely accepted as the standard formulation for

answer

understanding and helping people accommodate to loss.

question

Lyn Lofland suggests that some of the "ties that bind" us to one another are the roles we play, the help we receive and the

answer

wider network of others made available to us.

question

Telling the "story" of grief can help in coping with loss in which of the following ways? 1. Sharing the story provides emotional relief and promotes the search for meaning. 2. The story can be told without the constraint of having to conform to a particular model of how it should be. 3. The story brings people together in support of one another. 4. Fantasizing about a different ending is very therapeutic and healing.

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

Sharing the story of a loss provides emotional relief, promotes the search for meaning, and

answer

brings people together in support of one another. Correct

question

In the dual-process model of coping, loss-oriented coping includes

answer

looking at old photographs.

question

What is an example of loss-oriented coping?

answer

Looking at old photographs

question

According to the dual-process model of coping, what coping behavior includes mastering tasks that had been taken care of by the deceased and developing a new identity?

answer

Restoration-oriented

question

According to Simon Shimson Rubin's Two-Track Model of Bereavement, which of the following considers quality of family relationships, health concerns, and investment in life tasks?

answer

Track I: general biospychosocial functioning Correct

question

Which of the following typically occurs during the initial period of grief?

answer

Sense of confusion and disorganization

question

Which of the following typically occurs during the middle period of grief?

answer

Sadness and longing

question

Anniversaries, birthdays, special occasions, and holidays

answer

can reawaken and reactivate unexpected feelings of grief.

question

According to Therese Rando, which of the following may especially complicate grief? 1. Death of a child. 2. Bereaved person's perceived lack of social support. 3. Relationship between bereaved and deceased that was intimate and friendly. 4. Bereaved's perception that the death was somehow preventable.

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

Complicated mourning is best described as

answer

failure to realize the implications of a loss.

question

According to Neimeyer, Prigerson, and Davies, What is the "inability to reconstruct a meaningful personal reality" after loss?

answer

Complicated grief

question

The idea that one can die of a "broken heart"

answer

is being investigated scientifically and is considered plausible.

question

Which term best describes the phenomena of death as a consequence of the stress of bereavement?

answer

Broken heart

question

According to Edgar Jackson, what factors are especially important in a survivor's response to loss?

answer

Personality, social roles, values, and perception of the deceased's importance

question

In the instrumental (linear) pattern of grieving, how is grief experienced and expressed?

answer

In restlessness or mental activity

question

In the intuitive (systemic) pattern of grieving, individuals experience and express grief

answer

via feelings and emotions.

question

When a person experiences grief physically, as restlessness or mental activity, Terry Martin and Kenneth Doka would identify this pattern of grieving as

answer

instrumental.

question

Which of the following is generally considered a high-grief death?

answer

The death of a teenager in a car accident

question

Of the following modes of death, which is most likely to be characterized as a low-grief death?

answer

Terminal illness of an elderly man

question

Factors that can restimulate grief for survivors of a homicide are termed

answer

trigger events.

question

In the wake of multiple losses, survivors may feel they have "run out of tears," resulting in bereavement

answer

burnout.

question

Disenfranchised grief can be described as a

answer

consequence of lacking social support or acknowledgement of loss.

question

Grief experienced in connection with a loss that is not socially supported or acknowledged through the usual rituals is

answer

disenfranchised.

question

Unfinished business is best described as

answer

issues or "business" that goes on after a death.

question

Unfinished business is a term that can relate to the

answer

plans and dreams that the bereaved had shared with the deceased.

question

Which of the following is a helpful behavior when lending support to the bereaved?

answer

Simply listening without judgment

question

Which of the following bereavement organizations focuses on supporting military families?

answer

Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors

question

Which of the following statements best describes how bereavement is an opportunity for growth?

answer

Energy that was bound to the past is freed up.

question

The psychosocial effects of war and murder lead to higher levels of

answer

traumatic reactions.

question

If a child believes that he or she may have played a role in the events leading to a death, what emotion might be expected to predominate?

answer

Guilt

question

Adolescents' (especially girls) responses to the September 11, 2001 terror attacks included

answer

fear and concern about dying from other disasters.

question

Of all the deaths that may be experienced in childhood, the most affecting is likely to be the death of a

answer

parent.

question

A parent's death is perceived as a loss of security, affection and

answer

nurture.

question

Coping with the death of a parent may be complicated when the death results from 1. cancer. 2. suicide. 3. homicide. 4. stroke.

answer

2 and 3

question

Coping may become complicated when the death of a parent results from

answer

homicide.

question

Children can experience "survivor's guilt" as young as

answer

four years old.

question

A sibling's death may represent which of the following? 1. Loss of playmate 2. Loss of birth order 3. Loss of caregiver 4. Loss of protector

answer

1, 3, and 4

question

According to David Balk, which of the following is most likely to cause adolescents to ask questions about the nature of life and death, about good and evil, and about the meaning of life?

answer

Death of a sibling

question

To help them cope with disturbing thoughts and feelings, seriously ill children need

answer

mental first aid.

question

For a school-age child experiencing a serious illness, major issues include 1. a sense of stigma. 2. impaired self-concept. 3. side effects of treatment. 4. questioning of beliefs.

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

Which is a suggestion for communicating with a seriously ill two year old child?

answer

Provide maximum physical relief and comfort

question

According to a study by Myra Bluebond-Langner, seriously ill children in a leukemia ward were able to guess their condition by

answer

interpreting how people behaved toward them.

question

Spontaneous drawings and art therapy are __________ methods for working with young children to help them explore feelings.

answer

excellent

question

Which of the following BEST characterizes the concerns of seriously ill children from roughly ages five to nine?

answer

Discomforting and possibly disfiguring effects of the disease and related medical procedures

question

Which of the following age groups of seriously ill children had major concerns about discomforting and possibly disfiguring effects of the disease and related medical procedures?

answer

Children roughly five to nine

question

A coping strategy in which ill children limit the number of people with whom they have a close relationship is

answer

distancing.

question

Which of the following coping mechanisms are used by children to cope with a serious illness? 1. Making a deal that allows a desire to be filled once the pain is endured 2. Limiting the number of people with whom they have close relationships 3. Taking a "be-brave-and-strong" stance 4. Regressing to behaviors that are less demanding

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

Sick children competing in a wheelchair race through hospital corridors is an example of what coping mechanism?

answer

Finding a substitute for a desired activity

question

Which was the first free standing pediatric and palliative care center in the United States?

answer

George Mark Children's House

question

The Nick Snow Children's Hospice and Palliative Care Act

answer

allows children to receive both palliative care and curative care.

question

Agreement to the proposed treatment or procedure is

answer

assent.

question

Which rule, based on English common law, gives parents and health care providers a guideline for assessing a minor child's capacity to participate in medical decision making?

answer

Rule of Sevens

question

When caring for a seriously ill child, all of the following are true EXCEPT

answer

parents should try to play the role of nurse.

question

Community support has generally been shown to

answer

be an important supplement to a family's internal support system.

question

All of the following are support groups that help children cope with death and life threatening illness EXCEPT

answer

The Meditational Healing Society.

question

Which organization is dedicated to improving the quality of life for children with chronic and life threatening medical conditions?

answer

Starlight Children's Foundation

question

When parents explain death to children, they should

answer

be honest.

question

In helping children cope with loss, adults must strive to

answer

answer questions honestly and directly.

question

Which of the following is important in discussing death with a child before a crisis occurs?

answer

Provide an explanation that corresponds to the child's level of understanding

question

When discussing death with a child, an adult should

answer

tell the truth while considering the child's developmental level and ability to understand.

question

When talking to children about death, it is important to

answer

verify and clarify what they think you've told them.

question

The text uses the example of the young woman who avoided seeds into adulthood to illustrate how

answer

children can become confused by metaphors.

question

The well child in a family where a sibling or parent is terminally ill

answer

can balance conflicting emotions by participating in the family process.

question

When a child is dealing with emotional pain, admonishing the child to "be brave" is

answer

bad because crying is a natural response to loss.

question

When discussing death in conjunction with religious beliefs, parents should

answer

remind children that religious viewpoints are beliefs.

question

In explaining death to children, statements like "gone away for a long sleep" and "up in heaven"

answer

allow for misconceptions and literal interpretations.

question

When a child is ill or a death occurs in the family, sudden changes in family communication patterns can be

answer

alarming to a child and can heighten anxiety.

question

According to Shneidman, what are crises related to incidents that occurred out of phase with students' chronological age?

answer

Metacrises

question

A "developmental push" is associated with what type of bereavement in adulthood?

answer

The death of a parent

question

Why do many people consider the death of a mother to be a more difficult loss than the death of a father?

answer

Because mothers are usually the primary nurturing caregiver

question

What cross-cultural example is given in the text to express universal feelings about the parental role of safeguarding and protecting children?

answer

Among the Cree, infants wore "ghost-protective" moccasins.

question

Among the Cree of North America, infants were given moccasins with holes in them so that ghosts would not take them away "because their moccasins need mending." This example is intended to show

answer

feelings about the parental role of safeguarding children are universal.

question

The death of a fetus between the twentieth week of gestation and the time of birth is known as a

answer

stillbirth.

question

As medically defined, stillbirth refers to the death of a child occurring between

answer

the 20th week of pregnancy and birth.

question

Neonatal deaths are those occurring

answer

during the first four weeks following birth.

question

Giving up a child for adoption is an example of

answer

reproductive loss.

question

At Hase Temple in Kamakura, Japan, aborted fetuses are memorialized by

answer

tiny stone statues.

question

At the Hase Temple in Kamakura, Japan, mizuko represent

answer

children conceived but never born.

question

Coping with grief resulting from stillbirth is facilitated by

answer

acknowledging the baby's life and death..

question

For newly bereaved parents of a stillborn child, a way of realizing and coping with loss is aided by

answer

seeing and holding the baby.

question

Cases of SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) may be subject to criminal investigation because the

answer

infant died of unknown causes.

question

Cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) have sometimes been subjected to criminal investigation because

answer

the infant died of unknown or no definitive cause.

question

The major cause of death among individuals between 5 and 24 years old is

answer

accidents.

question

Which of the following, (characterized as "the last major plague of the young") is the leading cause of death among individuals between the ages of five and twenty-four?

answer

Accidents

question

Parents of a child whose life is threatened by serious illness tend to have a somewhat easier time coping when they

answer

derive their identity from more than the parental role.

question

Which is a death "out of sequence?"

answer

A young or middle-aged adult dies while his or her parents live on

question

A major source of conflict among bereaved couples in grieving styles and coping with the death of a child relates to

answer

differences in values, beliefs and expectations

question

Which of the following is a factor that helps reduce conflict between bereaved parents who are grieving the death of a child?

answer

Willingness to engage in open and honest communication

question

Which of the following statements are TRUE about parental bereavement in couples? 1. A feeling of estrangement and a strong bond can occur between the parents at the same time. 2. A partner's behavior can be misinterpreted by the other and can cause conflict. 3. Different grieving styles may decrease the couple's sense of commonality. 4. Urging each other to be strong in public is an important component of getting past the grieving phase and into the healing phase of bereavement.

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

Which of the following factors work to reduce conflict and promote positive interaction between grieving couples who have lost a child by death? 1. Open and honest communication 2. Expressing emotions in each other's company 3. Crying separately to minimize the open grief and pain 4. Ability of partners to reframe each other's behavior in a positive way

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

Which group provides support for children with cancer, their parents, and other family members?

answer

Candlelighters Childhood Cancer Foundation

question

Which of the following organizations combine social support with political advocacy?

answer

Parents of Murdered Children

question

The way a particular person adjusts to the role of newly widowed person depends on a host of 1. sociocultural factors. 2. personal factors. 3. circumstantial factors. 4. sociopolitical factors.

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

Studies of spousal bereavement amongst homosexual couples

answer

have been mostly ignored.

question

If a marriage has involved the partners living traditional gender roles, which of the following statements is likely to be true in the case of spousal bereavement?

answer

New skills may need to be learned to manage the needs of daily life.

question

Adverse effects of spousal death appear to be more common among

answer

widower.

question

What is one of the most valuable resources for the recently widowed?

answer

Contact with peers

question

What organization began in 1973 to implement a concept of mutual help to widowed individuals?

answer

Widowed Persons Service

question

The term senescence is defined as the

answer

process of becoming old.

question

Senescence is

answer

the process of becoming old.

question

What is considered a fatal chronic condition?

answer

Frailty

question

Which of the following are reasons given by aged people for accepting death? 1. Death is preferable to inactivity. 2. Death is preferable to becoming a burden. 3. Death is preferable to living alone. 4. Death is preferable to loss of mental faculties.

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

Alzheimer's disease is twice as common among women as men, partly because women

answer

have a longer life expectancy.

question

The twenty first century is being characterized as a century of

answer

aging.

question

The aging of societies is sometimes called a

answer

silver tsunami.

question

What term does the National Council on Aging use for people over the age of eighty-five?

answer

Old-old

question

What is defined as "a theoretically projected length of life based on the maximum potential of the human body in the best environment?"

answer

Life span

question

In contrast to their stereotypical image, old people tend to be more

answer

individually distinct than other age groups.

question

The type of suicide involving a person who ends his or her life for others or for a greater good is known as

answer

altruistic suicide.

question

Altruistic suicide is

answer

giving one's life for others or for a greater good.

question

Historically and across cultures, suicide has been recognized as a way for a person to express his or her

answer

ultimate commitment to a moral principle.

question

All of the following are definitions of suicide EXCEPT

answer

the human act of self-inflicted, unintentional cessation.

question

According to statistics, about how many people end their lives by suicide each year in the United States?

answer

38,000

question

Among those who die by suicide

answer

males outnumber females by about 4 to 1.

question

What is an impartial investigation by behavioral scientists to look for the motivational or intentional aspects of cases of ambiguous death?

answer

Psychological autopsy

question

The 1989 explosion aboard the USS Iowa brought increased public attention to the use of

answer

psychological autopsies.

question

A psychological autopsy is

answer

a method of determining a person's thoughts and state of mind prior to death.

question

Which of the following are limitations of the psychological autopsy? 1. Retrospective nature 2. The individual of interest is not available for examination 3. Overabundance of standardized procedures 4. Third-party informants may distort representations of the decedent for a variety of reasons

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

The model of suicide that focuses on the relationship between individuals and society is called the

answer

sociological model.

question

The sociological model of suicide focuses on the relationship between

answer

individuals and society.

question

Which type of suicide is characteristic of people who are disenfranchised or who live at the fringes of society?

answer

Egoistic

question

Suicide among Japanese samurai following disgrace in battle is an example of

answer

altruistic suicide.

question

In India, the custom that called for a widow to throw herself upon her husband's cremation pyre is known as

answer

sāti.

question

The largest mass suicide in modern times occurred in

answer

Jonestown, Guyana.

question

In what city did the largest mass suicide in history occur?

answer

Jonestown, Guyana

question

According to the sociological model, anomic suicides usually occur in societies wherein

answer

social regulation is insufficient.

question

According to the sociological model, suicide resulting from sudden trauma or catastrophe is classified as

answer

anomic suicide.

question

According to the sociological model, anomic suicide is associated with

answer

sudden change, trauma, or catastrophe.

question

According to the sociological model, fatalistic suicide

answer

results from lack of freedom and absence of choice.

question

Which of the following are among the insights associated with the psychological model of suicide? 1. The acute suicidal crisis is of relatively brief duration. 2. The suicidal individual is likely to be ambivalent about ending his or her life. 3. Most suicidal events are dyadic. 4. The suicide involves a low level of conscious hostility.

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

According to the psychological model, the aggression associated with suicidal behavior may be viewed as

answer

murder of the self.

question

Considering the role of aggression in the psychodynamic model of suicide, suicide may be viewed as murder

answer

in the 180th degree.

question

What is Edwin Shneidman referring to in his use of the term psychache?

answer

Unbearable mental pain caused by the frustration of a person's most important needs

question

According to the text, the sequence leading to suicide often begins with interactions between which of the following? 1. Life stress 2. Emotional hardship 3. Biochemical imbalances in the brain 4. Personality factors

answer

1, 3, and 4

question

What type of suicide is an escape "forced by life's becoming literally unbearable?"

answer

Surcease

question

Rational suicide is associated with a

answer

desire to bring release from pain and suffering.

question

Which of the following best fits into the category of "individual meanings" of suicide?

answer

Suicide is reunion with a lost loved one.

question

Which of the following is considered an individual meaning of suicide?

answer

Suicide is rest and refuge.

question

It is estimated that for every suicide death there are

answer

25 attempts.

question

According to Karl Menninger, individuals who harm themselves by means of drugs, alcohol, smoking, or reckless driving are effectively dying by

answer

chronic suicide.

question

Which of the following are considered risk factors that influence suicidal behaviors? 1. Culture 2. Personality 3. Extreme ambition 4. Individual situation

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

Within the "intentioned death" category of death-related behaviors, a death seeker is someone who

answer

wishes to end consciousness and commits a suicidal act in such a way that rescue is unlikely.

question

Within the "subintentioned death" category of death-related behavior, a death facilitator is someone who

answer

offers little resistance to death, making it easy for death to occur.

question

Which of the following statements best describes unintentioned death?

answer

Death in which the decedent plays no significant causative role

question

What term applies to the influence of suggestion on suicidal behavior?

answer

Werther-effect

question

Brian Barry's description of pro-life forces includes all of the following EXCEPT

answer

a belief that problems are inherently unsolvable.

question

In the Romantic view, death is viewed as

answer

attractive and to be courted.

question

In what year were there more deaths in the military from suicide than from combat?

answer

2012

question

What profession in the United States loses, on average, as many as 400 people to suicide each year?

answer

Physicians

question

Social disruption, family problems, and substance abuse are all factors in suicidal behavior of which of the following age groups?

answer

Adolescence and young adulthood

question

An arrangement wherein two or more individuals determine to kill themselves at the same time and usually at the same place is known as a

answer

suicide pact.

question

All of the following are factors influencing suicide among middle-aged adults EXCEPT

answer

testing limits.

question

Among what age group do double suicides occur with greatest frequency?

answer

Elderly

question

Of the individuals who die by suicide, approximately how many write a final message?

answer

1 in 6

question

In the United States, the earliest noteworthy example of a suicide prevention center was in

answer

Los Angeles.

question

In carrying out their mission, suicide prevention centers and crisis hotlines use

answer

crisis intervention strategies.

question

Which of the following categories best describes community programs that emphasize short-term treatment of persons who are actively experiencing a suicidal crisis?

answer

Suicide intervention programs

question

In relation to suicide, the term postvention refers to

answer

assistance given to all survivors of suicide.

question

If a person says, "A life without love is a life without meaning," in which of the following ways is suicidal intent being communicated?

answer

Verbal indirect

question

What is the term used for encounters with death where massive loss of life typically occurs?

answer

Mega death

question

Accidents are usually defined as

answer

events that occur by chance or from unknown causes.

question

When a person is killed due to the negligence and misconduct of another person, company or entity, it is a/an

answer

wrongful death.

question

In Japan, karoshi is

answer

sudden death from overwork.

question

When behavior involves doing dangerous things just for the thrill of it, it may represent

answer

an attempt to deny fear or anxiety about death

question

The Great East Japan Earthquake of March 2011 triggered a massive tsunami causing significant damage to Japan's

answer

nuclear reactors.

question

The scale of the Great Sichuan Earthquake prompted the Chinese government to

answer

dispose of the bodies with little ceremony.

question

After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, a Senate investigation reported a failure of government at all levels to plan, prepare for and

answer

respond aggressively to the storm.

question

In the wake of a disaster, the survivors may experience a/an __________ marked by a profound sense of emptiness and despair.

answer

existential crisis

question

Among the first steps to be taken in responding to a disaster are a set of core actions collectively defined as

answer

psychological first aid.

question

Which of the following percentages reflects the approximate frequency with which a firearm is used in all murders?

answer

66 percent

question

Interpersonal violence

answer

is a public health problem

question

The most threatening of violent acts are those that occur without apparent cause and when the victim is

answer

selected seemingly at random.

question

Serial killers

answer

take the lives of several victims over a span of time.

question

Regarding familicide, some experts find that

answer

men are more likely to kill both their children and their spouse.

question

What is the killing of one's child or children referred to?

answer

Filicide

question

The term psychic maneuver is used to describe

answer

factors that facilitate homicidal acts.

question

Which of the following are examples of a "psychic maneuver" that promotes violence? 1. Perceiving people as objects or as less than human 2. Seeing oneself as debased or worthless 3. Encouraging a person to feel above the law 4. Encouraging a person to align with his or her victim

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

Which of the following "factors favoring violence" applies to the situation in which a person attempts to escape responsibility by blaming someone else?

answer

"I was just carrying out orders."

question

Studies show violence is reduced when

answer

residents work together to create a safe and orderly environment.

question

Which of the following abrogates, or nullifies, conventional sanctions against killing by substituting a different set of conventions and rules about moral conduct?

answer

War

question

Dalton Trumbo's story, Johnny Got His Gun, was

answer

a classic antiwar novel.

question

What is the most characteristic feature of the modern war machine?

answer

Technological alienation

question

A characteristic self-protective human response to mass death and carnage is

answer

psychic numbing.

question

According to studies by the International Red Cross, what percentage of casualties in modern warfare are civilians rather than military combatants?

answer

90 percent

question

The characteristic self-protective psychological response of becoming insensitive and unfeeling is termed

answer

psychic numbing.

question

According to Arnold Toynbee, one of the conventions of warfare that turns civilians into soldiers is

answer

dressing the part.

question

In combat situations, most soldiers are motivated to fight because of their

answer

will to survive.

question

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is best described as

answer

the distressing symptoms experienced by some veterans of warfare.

question

What is considered the "signature injury" of recent wars?

answer

Traumatic brain injuries

question

Family and friends who "serve invisibly at home" while loved ones are at war are referred to as a

answer

phantom army.

question

War creates a "phantom army" composed of

answer

spouses, children, and parents who serve invisibly at home

question

In his classic work, On War, Karl von Clausewitz defined war as

answer

the continuation of political policy by other means.

question

The media's ambiguity and uncertainty about the actual death toll during a war is

answer

an effort to generate public support for war.

question

Genocide involves efforts to

answer

destroy an entire national or political group.

question

The systematic effort to destroy an entire national or cultural group is called

answer

genocide.

question

Autogenocide is

answer

a group's killing of its own people.

question

The aim of terrorism is to

answer

destroy the sense of security people normally feel in familiar places.

question

In achieving their goals, terrorists often rely on the __________ whereby their actions are broadcast through the media to a much larger audience than merely the one in the location where the event occurs, thus giving their acts greater significance.

answer

amplification effect

question

Which of the following media played an especially vital role in the exchange of information, including a survivor registry, following the World Trade Center attack on September 11?

answer

Internet

question

Aaron Beck describes terrorists as

answer

prisoners of hate.

question

What is a rapidly spreading disease or condition?

answer

Epidemic

question

What is the most AIDS affected region in the world?

answer

Sub-Saharan Africa

question

In recent years the greatest impact of AIDS in the United States has been among

answer

Hispanics and African Americans.

question

In parts of the world other than the United States, AIDS is transmitted primarily through

answer

heterosexual contact.

question

"The desire for immortality has its own pitfalls" is a message communicated in a

answer

Chinese folktale.

question

The message communicated in the Chinese folk tale, The Mortal King, is that

answer

the desire for immortality has pitfalls.

question

According to Thomas Attig, coming to terms with our finiteness and mortality can be understood as a

answer

grieving process.

question

Which of the following advantages are gained by studying death and dying? 1. It can focus attention on the importance of taking care of unfinished business. 2. It helps individuals dissipate feelings of guilt or blame about a loved one's death. 3. It helps individuals avoid the severe pain of grief. 4. It allows opportunities to explore unexpressed and unresolved grief.

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

The study of death and dying

answer

can be academically intriguing.

question

Some of the "lessons taught" in death studies are still based on

answer

middle-class white population.

question

Which of the following groups is underrepresented in resource materials commonly used in death education courses?

answer

Ethnic groups and minorities

question

Heritage is best understood by exploring cultural associations, social class, and

answer

spirituality.

question

The process by which individuals and systems respond respectfully and effectively to people of all cultures, languages, backgrounds, and other diversity factors in a manner that recognizes, affirms, and values the worth of others and protects and preserves the dignity of each is cultural

answer

competence.

question

Although death is fundamentally a __________ fact, socially shaped ideas and assumptions create its meaning.

answer

biological

question

Fritz Roth's suitcase exhibit was essentially about

answer

personal mortality.

question

According to Dolores Dooley, the Republic of Ireland has been engaged in

answer

a national conversation about death and the process of dying.

question

In Italy, Francesco Campione began an organization, Projecto Rivivere, that uses the Internet to

answer

help children with death and bereavement.

question

Although Australia is familiar with natural disasters, what event occurred to initiate the formalizing of death education and coordinated services?

answer

1977 Granville train disaster

question

In which country does the name of the primary death education organization translate as "The Association for Thinking about Life and Death?"

answer

Japan

question

According to John Jordan, what is the bridge over which empirical findings in thanatology can cross into the world of the practitioner?

answer

Theory

question

According to David Balk, bridging the gap between researchers and practitioners requires

answer

dynamic exchange between theory and practice that makes research a useful form of gaining knowledge.

question

"Compassionate cities," a term coined by Allan Kellehear, denotes a model of public health that encourages

answer

community participation in end-of-life care.

question

What is an innovative public health program that recognizes the need for community involvement, commitment, and consideration of death as a fact of life?

answer

Compassionate Cities

question

Which of the following are defining characteristics of a "compassionate city?" 1. A strong commitment to social and cultural differences 2. Offers inhabitants a close circle of secure support without interference from outsiders 3. Meets special needs of the aged, those living with life threatening illness, and those living with loss 4. Preserves and promotes spiritual traditions and storytellers

answer

1, 3, and 4

question

Herman Feifel is quoted as saying that the death awareness movement has

answer

helped humanize medical relationships and health care.

question

In commenting on the messages of care for the dying promoted by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, Dame Cicely Saunders, and Mother Teresa of Calcutta, Robert Fulton and Greg Owen remark that this message is also about

answer

essential religious and spiritual values that extend beyond the immediate goal of care for the dying.

question

The "Get Rolling Stone until you die" advertisement is used in the text to make the point that

answer

death imagery exists in the media.

question

The shoe advertisement shown in the text illustrates

answer

death imagery in advertising design.

question

What is a potential downside of humanizing death and dying?

answer

It may minimize and devalue death.

question

In considering various ways of defining a "good death," which of the following statements about ancient Greece is true?

answer

Dying at a young age was considered exceptional luck, whereas in our society it is considered a misfortune.

question

In ancient Greece, it was considered exceptional luck to die

answer

young, in the fullness of one's creative energies

question

According to Robert Kastenbaum, which of the following constitutes the good death? 1. It affirms significant personal relationships. 2. It is transfiguring and enacts the highest values. 3. It finally ends the long, contemplative journey. 4. It is coherent and the final phase of a good life.

answer

1, 2, and 4

question

One component of a "good death" is the affirmation of the whole person. This involves

answer

seeing the dying person not as a disease but in the context of his or her life.

question

An alternative way of defining a good death has been offered by Stu Farber and his colleagues. They propose the term __________ death and define it as a nonjudgmental relationship emphasizing the mutuality of caregivers and patients.

answer

respectful

question

Which of the following are included in the concept of an appropriate death? 1. Minimal pain and suffering 2. Respecting one's preferences 3. Resolving conflicts 4. Long productive life

answer

1, 2, and 3

question

According to Avery Weisman, what is the first step required in order to achieve an appropriate death?

answer

Rid ourselves of the notion that death is never appropriate.

question

Natural, expected, honorable, and rueful are among the "criteria for a good death" suggested by

answer

Edwin Shneidman.

question

Edwin Shneidman suggests that the good death focuses not just on the person's dying, but also on the

answer

the person's post-self.

question

What is the term used for individuals who live beyond 100 years?

answer

Centenarians

question

In contemplating death in the future, which of the following is likely to demand the greatest attention from individuals and societies?

answer

Older population

question

In Japan, high-rise cemeteries exist because

answer

burial space is at a premium.

question

Which of the following is an example of a specialized support and advocacy group?

answer

Parents of Murdered Children

question

The premise of Kit Reed's story, Golden Acres, is that

answer

elderly people occupy a large proportion of the population and overcrowding may lead to life-or-death decisions.

question

Poet Gary Snyder has called attention to the loss of a

answer

species.

question

Many people who complete a course in death and dying find that

answer

their explorations have consequences for living that had not been foreseen when they first signed up for the course.

question

Death awareness creates an added dimension to living by bringing us into the present and serving as a reminder of

answer

the precious precariousness of life.

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