question

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between the nervous system and the endocrine system?

answer

The endocrine system influences and is influenced by the central nervous system.

question

Sensory is to motor what _____ is to _____.

answer

afferent; efferent

question

With respect to its potential basis in nervous system activity, "voodoo death" has been attributed to:

answer

an overactive sympathetic nervous system.

question

A key component of the endocrine system is the tiny _____ gland, which is found near—and regulated by—the _____ in the brain.

answer

pituitary; hypothalamus

question

The nervous system is divided into the _____ and the _____ nervous systems.

answer

central; peripheral

question

The branch of psychology that seeks to identify behavior patterns that are a result of our genetic inheritance from our ancestors is known as _____.

answer

evolutionary psychology

question

Warren suffers from Wernicke's aphasia. Which of the following will he experience in thought or behavior?

answer

Warren will experience difficulty understanding language.

question

In a neurophysiological investigation, a monkey makes an involuntary gesture when a portion of its brain is electrically stimulated. The area of the brain that was most likely stimulated is the:

answer

frontal lobe

question

The brain injury suffered by 19th-century railroad worker Phineas Gage allowed psychologists to learn about the functions of the brain's:

answer

association areas

question

In which lobe is the motor area located?

answer

Frontal

question

The _____ maintains a steady internal environment for the body.

answer

hypothalamus

question

Which of the following sequences correctly identifies the orders of the lobes of the cortex, from anterior to posterior?

answer

Frontal → temporal and parietal → occipital

question

Which of the following is TRUE about the brain?

answer

Specific experience can modify the way in which information is processed.

question

A split brain occurs due to

answer

a severing of the corpus callosum

question

The area of the brain that controls the production of speech is

answer

Broca's area

question

The ___________ gland regulates all the other glands.

answer

pituitary

question

Which structure of the brain would be most beneficial to a professional golfer who is trying to create a repetitive golf swing?

answer

Basal ganglia

question

If a person's cerebellum were damaged in an accident, you would expect the person to have a problem with

answer

balance and muscle coordination

question

The set of glands that regulates the activities of certain organs is called the ___________ system.

answer

endocrine

question

Theus is about to take the bar exam. Which lobe of the brain will he be relying on most to do well?

answer

Frontal

question

Which of the following is TRUE of the spinal cord's control of behavior?

answer

The spinal cord can control some simple reflexes without the brain's help.

question

The _____ division also directs the body to store energy for use in emergencies.

answer

parasympathetic

question

The brain and the spinal cord constitute the _____ nervous system.

answer

central

question

The process by which the brain reorganizes itself throughout development is termed:

answer

neuroplasticity

question

The part of the brain that controls bodily balance is the _____.

answer

cerebellum

question

The thalamus may be likened to a(n):

answer

relay station

question

The _____ is referred to as the "new brain."

answer

cerebral cortex

question

The hemispheres of the brain are connected by a bundle of fibers called the:

answer

corpus callosum

question

Which of the following generalizations is probably most accurate regarding potential gender differences in the lateralization of language?

answer

Language is more strongly left-lateralized among males than among females.

question

Who would benefit the most from a highly efficient cerebellum?

answer

Baseball player

question

Broca's area is located in the ___________ hemisphere.

answer

left

question

The corpus callosum is

answer

a band of nerve fiber connecting the right and left hemispheres.

question

Which brain imaging technique allows scientists to actually see what is happening in the brain while it is working?

answer

fMRI

question

An fMRI can detect brain activity because

answer

oxygenated blood is more prominent in areas that are active.

question

Evolutionary psychologists have spawned a new and increasingly influential field:

answer

behavioral genetics

question

The limbic system contains which of the following structures?

answer

Amygdala

question

The _____ is a tiny part of the brain that maintains homeostasis and produces and regulates vital behavior, such as eating, drinking, and sexual behavior.

answer

hypothalamus

question

The _____ area is the site in the brain of the tissue that corresponds to each of the senses, with the degree of sensitivity related to the amount of tissue.

answer

sensory

question

What is unique about stem cells?

answer

They can develop into most types of human cells

question

The area of the cerebral cortex that controls voluntary muscle movement is the

answer

motor cortex

question

The reticular formation is primarily involved in

answer

stereotyped patterns such as walking, sleeping, or turning to attend to a sudden noise.

question

_____ is an automatic, involuntary response to an incoming stimulus.

answer

Reflex

question

The _____ gland is a major component of the endocrine system which secretes hormones that control growth and other parts of the endocrine system.

answer

pituitary

question

Which expression below most closely approximates the number of neural connections in the brain?

answer

10 quadrillion

question

_____ is the creation of new neurons.

answer

Neurogenesis

question

The visual area in the cortex is located in the _____.

answer

occipital lobe

question

The part of the brain extending from the medulla through the pons and made up of groups of nerve cells that can immediately activate other parts of the brain to produce general bodily arousal is known as the _____.

answer

reticular formation

question

The hindbrain includes each of the following structures EXCEPT the:

answer

thalamus

question

Electrical activity in the brain can be captured by placing multiple electrodes on the scalp and then measuring the underlying electrical activity. This method of studying the brain's activity is referred to as

answer

an electroencephalogram.

question

Magnetic resonance imaging is a technique that works by

answer

detecting and interpreting magnetic activity from hydrogen levels in the blood.

question

If you had damage to your hippocampus, it would most likely impair

answer

memory formation

question

Neurosurgeons can reduce the unbearable seizures some epileptics experience by severing the

answer

corpus callosum

question

One of the pleasure centers of the brain is found in the

answer

hypothalamus

question

Somatic is to autonomic what _____ is to _____.

answer

voluntary; involuntary

question

Violet's speech is slow and labored; however, she can understand others' speech. Violet has:

answer

Broca's aphasia

question

Body temperature, emotional states, and coping with stress are functions controlled by the

answer

hypothalamus

question

The "fight-or-flight" response is associated with the _____ division.

answer

sympathetic

question

Darnell underwent surgery to control his severe epilepsy. Now, however, Darnell cannot form new memories of his experiences, although he does remember events in the past. Most likely, the surgery destroyed a portion of the _____ in Darnell's brain.

answer

hippocampus

question

The part of the brain closest to the spinal cord is the _____; it is important for such functions as _____.

answer

medulla; heart rate and respiration

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