PS 101 Final Notes – Flashcards
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In 1896, the United States Supreme Court vas of plessy v. Ferguson
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Agreed that separation of races is not a violation of the constitution
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A poll tax was used to
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Dissuade African Americans and poor whites from voting
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The first draft of the declaration of the independence was written by
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Thomas Jefferson
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In the case of brown c. Board of education of Topeka, the u.s Supreme Court held that
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Public school segregation of races violates the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment
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The Supreme Court ruled in the bakke case that
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Race cannot be the sole factor in admissions decisions
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States may not
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Make treaties with foreign nations
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The thirteenth amendment to the constitution
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Abolished slavery
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Taxes were imposed on the colonists to
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Pay the costs of britain's defense of the colonies during the French and Indian war
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The free exercise clause, protecting freedom of religious practice is found in the
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First amendment
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Which two sets of powers do state governments have?
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Reserved and concurrent powers
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The doctrine of dual federalism meant
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That the states and the federal government should each exercise authority as co-equal sovereign powers.
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In a unitary system of government, ultimate government authority is located
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At the national or central level
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The articles of confederation
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Allowed the states to retain most of the power
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A federal grant for a specific project or program is called a
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Categorical grant
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De facto segregation means
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Segregation because of residential racial patterns and concentration of populations, not because of laws
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The fourteenth amendment
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All of the above are true
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Libel is
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Defamation of character, reputation, business or property rights in writing
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Civil liberties
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Limit government actions against individuals
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Symbolic speech is
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The nonverbal expression of beliefs
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The civil war amendments
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All of the above
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There are 538 electors in the electoral college; i.e.,
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One for each member of congress and three for the District of Columbia
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The process by which people acquire political beliefs and attitudes is called
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Political socialization
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Political socialization is the process by which
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All of the above are true
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The transfer of political values is
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More likely to occur from parents to children
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The rich tend to be
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Economically conservative and socially liberal
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Social scientists Charles Murray suggests in a recent book that
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America is becoming a two-caste society with an increasing gap between rich and poor
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In the twentieth century, the magazine, literary digest
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Was popular with wealthier subscribers and polling by the journal in accurately predicted Franklin D. Roosevelt's defeat in the 1936 presidential election.
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An interest group is
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An organization that actively attempts to influence government policy
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A lobbyist is
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An individual or organization who attempts to influence legislation and the administrative decisions of government
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A free rider is
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Someone who benefits from the actions of a group without joining it.
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U.s. Agricultural subsidies
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Are smaller that those provided by South Korea and the European Union
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The Sierra club and the nature conservancy are examples of
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Environmental interest groups
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Model bills created by American legislative exchange council:
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Try to reduce or prevent the growth of state and local regulation on business
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Groups recognize that the greatest concern of legislators is to
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Be reelected
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During primary elections
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All of the above are true
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In primary elections
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Candidates try to appeal to the more extreme members of their party
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A voter or a candidate who does bit identify with a political party is called
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An independent
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Political parties differ from factions in that
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Factions are groups within parties that follow a particular leader or share an ideological viewpoint
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A political party is a group of individuals who
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Organize to win elections and operate the government
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Functions of political parties in the United States include all of the following except
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Signing up large numbers of dues-paying committed members
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Which is true of the election of 2008?
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The collapse of the economy in 2007 was a major factor in the election outcome.
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All are true except
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What you see online is very different from what you see in print.
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Naturalized citizens are constitutionally barred from running for the office of
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President of the United States
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All of the following are reasons why many candidates for office are lawyers execpt
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Lawyers have trouble finding work in most states.
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All of the following are true except
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Campaigns are concerned with getting the support of their party members, but not too concerned with independent voters
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Facts show that
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There is a connection between money and elections
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If the race for congressional seats were more competitive
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Extreme partisanship would be reduced because winning candidates would need to find a broader appeal to voters outside their party
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The people that a legislator represents and spends considerable time and effort serving are called
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Constituents
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The major function of congress is
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Lawmaking
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The committee in the house that proposes time limitations on debate for bills is called the
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Rules committee
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A filibuster is
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An attempt to prevent the passage of a bill through the use of unlimited debate
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The concept of cloture refers to
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A process that attempts to limit debate on a bill in the senate.
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Gerrymandering
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All of the above are true
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The construction states that the required minimum age for the presidency is
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35 years
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The president, in the capacity as head of state, is responsible for
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Engaging in activities that are largely symbolic or ceremonial in nature
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In the most democratic governments, the head if state is
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Someone other than the Chief executive
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As commander-in-chief, the president is
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The ultimate decision maker in military matters
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The requirement that the president must report to congress within forty-eight hours of spending troops into hostilities and then obtain the approval of congress within sixty days is established by
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The war powers resolution
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As chief diplomat, the president
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Negotiates treaties, recognizes foreign governments, and makes executive agreements
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Before a treaty can become legally binding, the treaty must be
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Approved by a 2-3rd vote in the senate
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The state of the union message
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All of the above are true
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The only cabinet department not headed by a secretary is
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Justice
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Independent executive agencies are
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Federal agencies that are not part of cabinet departments, but report directly to the president
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The federal trade commission, the federal communications commission, and the nuclear regulatory commission are all examples of:
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Independent regulatory agencies
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The spoils system is sometimes called
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Patronage
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The merit system refers to
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The selection, retention, and promotion if government employees in the basis of examinations
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The united states constitution
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Is the supreme law of the land
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Case law
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Options B & C are true
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Jurisdiction refers to
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The authority of a court to hear and decide a particular class of cases
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U.S. districts courts
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Are the trial courts of the federal system
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In the appeals court,
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Judges review lower court case records to determine if there is evidence of an error.
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