Protein Synthesis vocabulary – Flashcards
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protein synthesis
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the decoding of a strand of mRNA into a strand of amino acids
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transcription
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the process by which a complementary mRNA strand is made from DNA, which acts as a template
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translation
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another term for protein synthesis
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mRNA
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acts as a messenger between DNA and the ribosome
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tRNA
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carries amino acids to the ribosome that match up with the codons on mRNA
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rRNA
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site of protein synthesis, links amino acids together
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ribosome
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also known as rRNA, an organelle in the cytoplasm where protein synthesis takes place
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amino acid
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basic building blocks of protein molecules, coded for by a specific codon
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codon
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a base of mRNA, grouped into 3 letter "word" that codes for a specific amino acid
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anticodon
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tRNA uses this to match up with the codons
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triplet
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The three nucleotides of DNA which code for one amino acid
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peptide bond
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the type of bonds that hold together amino acids in order to make proteins
