Program Design & Development – Chapter 01 – Review – Flashcards
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A(n)______ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task
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Program
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The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as ______.
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Hardware
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The part of a computer that runs programs is called _____.
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The CPU
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Today, CPUs are small chips known as _____.
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Microprocessors
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The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in ____.
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Main Memory
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This is a volatile type of memory that is only for temporary storage while a program is running.
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RAM
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A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called ____.
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Secondary Storage
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A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called ____.
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An input device
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A video display is a(n) _____ device.
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Output device
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A ______ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.
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Byte
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A byte is made up of eight _____.
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Bits
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In the ______ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.
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Binary
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A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is _____.
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ASCII
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An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is ____.
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UNICODE
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Negative numbers are encoded using the ____ technique.
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Two's complement
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Real numbers are encoded using the _____ technique.
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Floating point
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The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called ___.
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Pixels
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If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see ____.
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A stream of binary numbers
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In the _______ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.
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Decode
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Computers can only execute programs that are written in ____.
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Machine language
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The ______ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.
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Assembler
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The words that make up a high-level programming language are called ______.
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Key words
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The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called _____.
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Syntax
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A(n) _______ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.
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Complier
