Practice Quiz Chapter 1 – Flashcards
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is the frequently observed, poorly understood, phenomenon that people tend to respond favorably to any treatment.
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The placebo effect
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Statistical methods make it possible to:
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determine how likely it is that certain results may have occurred by chance.
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Thinking scientifically relies on which of the following?
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objective observation and experimentation
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In a study of texting while driving, drivers drove an obstacle course of cones in a parking lot, either texting or not texting.The number of cones knocked over during each trip was recorded. Which of the following was the independent variable?
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whether or not the driver was texting
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irrational beliefs that actions not logically related to a course of events influence its outcome.
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Superstitions are:
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If you conduct an experiment that rejects your hypothesis, then:
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the null hypothesis was a better fit to your data.
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You are given a set of magnets and a variety of metal objects (nail, paperclip, iron filings, copper ring). You test the magnet with all objects and make observations. At the conclusion of your specific observations, you determine the general properties of magnetism. What is your thinking process?
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inductive reasoning
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science actively seeks to disprove its own theories and hypotheses.
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Science is self-correcting. This means that:
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Pseudoscience capitalizes on the belief shared by most people that:
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scientific thinking is a powerful method for learning about the world.
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Which of the following is an important feature of the scientific method?
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Anyone should be able to repeat an experiment.
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In a randomized, controlled, double-blind study:
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neither the experimenter nor the subject know whether the subject is in a control group or an experimental group.
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Which of the following is MOST correct?
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You can accept or reject a hypothesis, but never prove it to be true.
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is the result of all scientific experiments.
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A scientific theory is one that:
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If seven students tell a zoologist that they saw Bigfoot while hiking in an Idaho forest the past weekend, an interested zoologist would most likely
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return to that region to look for evidence of a Bigfoot.
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can appear to reveal links between two phenomena that do not actually exist.
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Anecdotal evidence:
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The proposed explanation for a phenomenon is BEST described as:
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a hypothesis.
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Scientific data:
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are used to support or refute a hypothesis.
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What is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method? I. State the problem II. Analyze and interpret the data III. Develop a hypothesis IV. Share the results with other scientists V. Design and perform an experiment to test the hypothesis
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I - III - V - II - IV
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A hypothesis can best be described as ________.
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a proposed explanation based on observation
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After generating a hypothesis, a scientist next:
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makes a prediction.
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is the premise that no difference exists between a treatment and control group.
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A null hypothesis:
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Scientists investigating a drug to cure a disease in birds conduct experiments. In these experiments, what would be the control group?
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birds that do not receive the drug being tested.
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based on observations
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Empirical results
