Performing capital budgeting analysis is necessary to achieve more precise forecasts for a potential project's profitability. Although analyzing sales forecasts and predetermined direct costs, including fixed manufacturing overhead, provides a positive possible benefit, the given data is insufficient to provide correct estimates. Factors such as time value of money, investment of initial net investment, and exact portion of cash sales are not considered. To determine the affects caused by purchasing an asset more precisely, the Net Present Value technique should be used. This technique involves discounting net cash flows for a project, subtracting net investment from discounted net cash flows to obtain NPV. The result shows the affects of purchasing an asset (considering real, not financial).
By calculating the Net Investment of a new product, which includes the cos
...t of purchase, installation, and precedes from disposal of old assets, a positive net present value indicates that adopting the project would increase the company's overall value. In this case, the net investment for a new machine is the purchase price of ? 1,000,000 since it does not replace any old assets. The discounting of net cash flow results in a positive outcome, demonstrating that this project would benefit the company's cash inflows. The NPV of this project is ? 135,272 and it is expected to reach its break-even point between year three and four.
The decision to purchase a new asset is not influenced by depreciation expense. The primary concern when acquiring a new asset is how it will increase sales of the product. An NPV analysis is conducted by discounting future cash inflow, but if the projected cash amount cannot be attained, it can lead to significant
losses and hinder the asset from generating enough profits to cover all costs before it is fully depreciated. Thus, it is crucial to determine the portion of sales revenue that will be received on account versus cash sales. If there are significant credit sales, further assumptions should be made regarding estimated uncollectible accounts.
Maximizing cash sales is crucial for maintaining a positive NPV of the project. If the option to lease an asset is chosen, paying an annual fee of 200,000 can still provide similar benefits as potential profits. The amount of fixed indirect costs incurred during operations is also a key factor in ensuring the success of derived profits. If significant fixed costs are incurred, the company must focus on maximizing sales to attain optimal results.
When fixed costs are not significant, companies can choose between increasing sales volume or experimenting with pricing to maximize profits. It's essential to remember that maximum sales do not always result in maximum profits. Lowering prices over the last two years to increase sales relies on the product's demand elasticity, which determines how much demand changes due to price fluctuations. If demand is high (greater than 1), a decrease in the sale price will lead to more sales and ultimately higher profits.
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