Phillis Wheatley, Abigail Adams, and Ben Franklin – Flashcards

a brief statement, usually one sentence long, that expresses a general principle or truth about life

-honesty is the best policy (the virtue of sincerity:being honesty) -being ignorant is not so much a shame as being unwilling to learn (there is always something I can learn to be successful) -be aware of little expenses, a small leak can sink a big ship (everything adds up; coincides with the virtue of frugality) -a penny saved is a penny earned (coincides with the virtue of frugality) -by failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail (silence is one of his virtues; sometimes it better to keep your mouth shut)

a story of a person's life, written by that person

first person: the author of an autobiography usually writes from the first-person point of view dual perspective: often the author of an autobiography writes as an older person looking back on him, or herself as a younger person, providing opportunities for reflection significant moments: a moment that changes you in one way or another; you learned something from the experience and changed (sometimes called a coming of age story); ex. a long way gone

many people loved Poor Richard so much that he became a person (Poor Richard had a made-up wife as well)

1. temperance: if you are under the influence, you will never achieve mastery that will help make you successful -Basically means do not drink to indulgence where you cannot think with a clear mind -your world revolves around that drug (or alcohol) once you start it 2. silence: temperance leads to silence. Sometimes you just need to keep your mouth shut; and you cannot do that when you're under the influence of drugs/alcohol -better to stay silent and be considerable than speak.... 3. order 4. resolutions: a goal; resolve to yourself that you're going to do it -makes you dependable and successful 5. frugality: has to do with money; being careful with money (not a cheapskate) 6. industrious: to be useful 7. sincere: be honest; no such thing as a little white lie 8. justice: be fair 9. moderation: different than temperance; a balance between being industrious and relaxing -we have to be kind and gentle to ourselves to be productive in everything else 10. cleanliness: the closest to godliness -believed in living a healthy life style; dress for success 11. tranquility: do not sweat the small stuff -its hard not to have anxiety in today's society, but sometimes you need to stop and think if it's worth all of your energy -do not give something that much power over you 12. chastity: ironic because Ben Franklin was a ladies man -watch your reputation -be careful about your relationships 13. humility: imitate Jesus and Socrates

he lacked order -he was a disorganized genius; he came up with this chart, but he could not find a place for his things

they are ranked by order of importance. one helps you to master the next (one facilitates the mastery of the next)

the greatest leaders are shown through their actions and service that cause you to follow them; not by what they say is why you follow; you follow for their actions

-when Ben Franklin was 12, he worked at the printing shop with his older brother; worked there until he was 17 -outlet to express himself -Boston was too religious for Franklin, and his brother started to purposely not put stuff he wrote in the newspaper, causing Ben Franklin to fist fight with his brother -Ben Franklin wanted to leave to Philadelphia; it was like going to a different country at the time -he escaped by making up a story. told the captains of one of the ships because he got a girl pregnant so you have to help me leave because I don't want to marry her

young: idealistic (he wants to be perfect) VS old: realistic (realized perfection was not possible without the deterioration of happiness)

no, as he got older he realized there was more important things to life than perfection (he became humble and more honest)

materials written or made by people who took part in or witnessed the events portrayed (ex. letter, diary, speech, etc.)

person who writes about a thing that happened but they were not there to experience it

a writer's choice of words that sets the tone of the story (tone: attitude toward a subject) -includes vocabulary words and syntax (arrangement of words)

11 years old

-avarice: greed -countenance: means to support -middle passage: was the route taken from Africa to the colonies where the slave trade happened -oppression: keeping the group of people from really being free -deliverance: delivering someone from that oppression/freedom from something -epistle: is a letter -dispensation: to scatter

written to a Mohican Indians that just converted to Christianity -she was so impressed that he was oppressing the Christians; friendship formed with the two -she wrote to him thanking him for thanking him for saying the Christian slave holders are not as religious as they say

she was taken from Africa on the ship called Phillis and she was 7 years old. She lived with the Wheatley family and she was treated more like the family; was schooled and fluid in Latin because she was really frail and weak to work; became one of the first African American public authors -died when she was like 31 because she was not free though

-she was writing to her husband, John Adams because she too felt oppressed like Wheatley -her letter is more personal because she is writing to her husband -she thought freedom came before everything

-arbitrary power (of men): imposed power; not real power (husbands think they have power of their wives but the wives have power in an indirect way) -virtue (and probity): something good and you want it your character -(virtue) and probity: probity is positive; it is integrity -vice (and faction): sin; opposite of virtue -(vice) and faction: faction is people who go against the established order

she believes that civil and religious liberties are linked -because freedom is everything; she is saying that those people invading Africa have to be aware that civil and religious liberties are connected in that sense and although they may justify religious liberty, they are being uncivil

because if they could read and understand the Bible, they could see the slavery stories; they could also see forgiveness and rehabilitation stories

-she is saying God forgive these people because it is avarice/greed that compels them to follow this system of slavery (and not because they want to convert these people)

she calls slavery "a strange absurdity" because it does not make sense to her. she is saying it does not take a rocket science to see this is wrong (kind of sarcastic)