Personal Health FINAL – Flashcards with Answers
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A treatment used for severe depression when other approaches fail is
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electroconvulsive therapy.
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One's identity
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is a lifelong process.
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Expressing wishes forcefully, but not necessarily hostilely, describes being
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assertive.
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An obsession is a ______ thought.
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recurrent, unwanted
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The order in which a behavior change strategy is implemented is
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monitor behavior, analyze data, set goals, devise a plan of action, make a contract.
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Income and education are closely linked with health status. The ______ the poverty rate and the ______ the education level, the better the health.
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lower; higher
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The ability to share feelings without fear of rejection from another is most closely associated with
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the capacity for intimacy.
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The branch of the autonomic nervous system that activates when a person is exposed to a stressor is the _______________ nervous system.
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sympathetic
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The way in which an individual responds to stress is influenced by
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personality. past experiences. biological predispositions. "All of these influence the way an individual responds to stress."!!
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By far, the leading preventable cause of death among Americans is
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smoking
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A condition that causes the sufferer to fear future threats, pushing out all other thoughts, is called
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generalized anxiety disorder.
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A common time-management stressor is
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procrastination.
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A delusion is
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a firmly held false belief.
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Eustress
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is stress triggered by something pleasant.
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Situations that trigger physical and emotional reactions are termed
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stressors
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Donna is about 25 pounds overweight, has tried a variety of diets, and has repeatedly failed to maintain weight loss. She defends her weight with the explanation that most of her relatives are overweight, and none has ever been successful with attempts to lose weight. Donna can best be described as
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having an external locus of control.
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Though ______ attempt suicide more often, ______ succeed more often.
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women; men
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Making decisions based on your own values as opposed to a larger group's is a sign of
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autonomy.
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During the stress response, the human adrenal glands release
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epinephrine.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of depression?
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loss of pleasure in doing usual activities
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Violent surroundings and intrusive noises are examples of
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environmental stressors.
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The seven dimensions of wellness include all of the following EXCEPT
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dietary wellness.
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The first step in improving wellness by lifestyle management is to
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begin with a self-assessment.
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Which one of the following is a stressor?
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bad grade
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Which of the following is currently America's number-one cause of death?
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heart disease
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The precontemplation stage is characterized by
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a belief that there is no need for change.
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Our early identity models are most likely to be
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our parents.
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In the U.S., on average,
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women live about 5 years longer than men
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The personality type associated with relaxation and contemplation is
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Type B.
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An example of a compulsion is
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constant and repetitive hand washing
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The division of the autonomic nervous system that slows down the body as it recovers from exposure to a stressor is the ______ nervous system.
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parasympathetic
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The system of glands, tissues, and cells that helps control body functions by releasing hormones is the
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endocrine system.
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Which of the following is a social phobia?
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fear of embarrassment
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Protecting yourself from exposure to toxic substances in the workplace is an example of promoting ______ wellness.
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environmental
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During a "stages of change" behavior change program, some people may lapse. If this occurs, the best strategy for them is to
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learn from the lapse as they cycle back through earlier stages.
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Which mental health professional is involved when a person requires medication?
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Psychiatrist
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According to Maslow, basic human needs are ranked in the following order as they DECREASE in urgency:
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physiological needs, safety, being loved, maintaining self-esteem, self-actualization
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Which of the following statements describes a characteristic of self-actualized people?
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They are largely able to accept themselves and others.
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College students can typically find inexpensive mental health care through
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on-campus counseling centers. campus health services. support groups. "all of the above."!!!
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Long-term overexposure to stress hormones
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has been linked to health problems.
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Which of the following are factors that influence wellness?
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access to health care environment behavior "all of these"!!!
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During the stress response, which of the following changes occurs throughout the body as a result of the release of epinephrine?
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Your hearing and vision become more acute. Your heart and breathing rates increase. Your liver releases more sugar into the blood. "All of the choices are correct."!!!
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The seven dimensions of wellness
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are interrelated
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According to your text, which of the following are common sources of stress for most college students?
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academic demands and time management concerns
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The average life span in the twentieth century
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nearly doubled
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Which of the following statements is an example of negative self-talk?
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"I won the talent contest, but only because none of the other contestants was very good".
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Which of the following is a risk factor that increases the likelihood of suicide?
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suicide of a family member or friend
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Those with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on
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their actions.
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All of the following are TRUE regarding the fight-or-flight response, EXCEPT that
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it is a relatively new human adaptation.
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Which of the following systems are responsible for your body's physical response to stressors?
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nervous and endocrine
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Which of the following best describes what occurs during atherosclerosis?
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The arteries become narrowed.
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Tom notices that he has to take a larger dose of a drug to achieve the same high. This condition is known as
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tolerance.
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The main site of alcohol metabolism is in the
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liver.
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Alcohol is classified as a(n)
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depressant.
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A disease of the liver caused by excessive and chronic drinking is
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cirrhosis.
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Eating before and while drinking
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slows the rate of alcohol absorption.
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The active component in marijuana is
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THC.
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Fat provides ______ calories per gram.
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9
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A sign of colon and rectal cancer is
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rectal bleeding.
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The most common cause of cancer death in the United States is
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lung cancer
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Flexibility is best described as
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the ability to move joints through their full range of motion.
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Which of the following indicates the relationship between the amount of drug taken and the type and intensity of the resulting effect?
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dose-response function
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When Tomas does not drink alcohol, he has tremors and shakes. He is experiencing
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withdrawal.
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Weight training with free weights represents which one of the following types of exercise?
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isotonic
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Which of the following are characteristics of a work-addicted individual?
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neglect of other aspects of life intense work schedule inability to relax away from work "all of these choices"!!!
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Steven usually spent 1 hour in the gym 3 times and week, but recently he has been spending 3 hours a day 7 days a week working out. He has noticed that his back chronically hurts. Once Steven has finished his work out, he starts thinking about what he did not accomplish. This is an example of what type of behavior?
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addictive behavior
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Which characteristic of addictive behavior indicates that an individual needs more and more of a particular substance?
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escalation
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Prostate cancer is
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the most common cancer in men.
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Diastole is the
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relaxation of the heart.
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The measure of how a particular food affects blood glucose levels is the ______ index.
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glycemic
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In what part of the body does digestion begin?
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the mouth
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The most common form of cancer in women is ______ cancer; the most common cause of cancer death in women is ______.
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breast; lung
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The proof value of an alcoholic beverage is
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two times the percentage of alcohol in the beverage.
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How many chambers does the heart contain?
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4
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To control blood cholesterol levels, the most important action to take is limiting the amount of ______ fat(s) in your diet.
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saturated and trans
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Application of muscular force without movement is called ______ exercise.
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isometric
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Which of the following CVD risk factors is uncontrollable?
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family history of CVD
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The most widely used illegal drug in the United States is
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marijuana.
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A characteristic of a skin lesion that may be a melanoma is one with a
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diameter greater than the diameter of a pencil eraser.
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Which of the following is NOT a way that smoking increases cardiovascular risk?
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It increases oxygen in the blood.
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Which of the following is NOT a dimension of progressive overload?
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specificity
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Normal blood pressure for healthy adults is best defined as
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below 120/80.
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Systole is the
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contraction of the heart.
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Cocaine is usually derived from
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the coca plant.
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Which of the following statements about alcohol is TRUE?
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Some alcohol is excreted by the lungs, which is the basis of breath analyses for alcohol levels.
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A shy person who drinks several alcoholic beverages at a party and becomes very loud and social is experiencing the effects of
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intoxication.
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Your target heart rate for endurance exercise is based on your
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maximum heart rate
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The two upper chambers of the heart in which blood collects before passing to the lower chambers are called
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atria.
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The most common form of cancer is
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carcinoma.
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Which of the following kills the most Americans every year?
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heart attacks
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Which of the following essential nutrients supplies energy?
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Which of the following essential nutrients supplies energy?
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Saturated fats are primarily found in ______ food sources and are ______ at room temperature.
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animal; solid
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Which of the following best describes body composition?
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the proportion of fat and fat-free mass in the body
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The best definition of a psychoactive drug is a drug that
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alters a person's experiences or consciousness.
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The form of cholesterol that draws cholesterol out of the walls of the arteries and returns it to the liver for recycling is
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HDL.
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A standard drink contains about
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0.6 ounces of alcohol.
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Cardiovascular benefits from moderate alcohol consumption may be due to
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increased levels of HDL cholesterol.
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The most dangerous form of skin cancer is
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melanoma
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One reason that women have higher BACs than men after ingesting the same amount of alcohol is that women have
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a higher percentage of body fat.
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An arrhythmia is
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an irregular heartbeat.
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Which of the following is true of the common cold?
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It may be caused by any of more than 200 different viruses.
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The Air Quality Index measures the
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concentration of air pollutants of concern to health.
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An individual who studies phenomena associated with the aging process is a(n)
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gerontologist.
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Lynette has begun feeling feverish and has a sore throat. Which phase of the immune response is she experiencing?
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prodromal
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Transmission of HIV occurs through
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unprotected sexual intercourse with someone with HIV.
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Which of the following best describes Social Security?
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It is meant as a supplement to personal savings.
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Which of the following is NOT a type of managed-care plan?
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fee-for-service plan
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Which of the following is a common portal of exit for a pathogen?
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saliva
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Why should consumers exercise caution when choosing a CAM therapy?
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Not all CAM practices have been scientifically evaluated for safety.
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Western medicine traditionally relies on the use of ______ to treat and cure diseases.
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pharmaceuticals
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Which of the following types of health insurance requires a primary care physician?
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health maintenance organization
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Lymph nodes
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are where macrophages congregate.
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Ramon has been stung by a bee and is now becoming short of breath. Which of the following is likely to be the best strategy for dealing with his symptom?
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going to an emergency room
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Which of the following is the fastest-growing source of waste in the United States?
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consumer electronics
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U.S. water systems
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are able to control waterborne disease.
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Swollen lymph nodes are an indication of
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infection
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Which of the following is most characteristic of retirement?
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learning how to enjoy leisure time
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Which of the following best describes the relationship between physical activity and aging?
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Physical activity can reduce fall-related injuries in older people.
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Substances that provoke allergies are known as
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allergens.
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A physician specializing in the diseases, disabilities, and care of older adults is a(n)
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geriatrician.
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Which of the following traps infrared radiation inside the atmosphere?
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greenhouse gas
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Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common complication of
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gonorrhea and chlamydia.
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The biggest component of household trash by weight is
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paper products
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Which of the following best describes therapies and practices that are NOT part of conventional health care?
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complementary and alternative medicine
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What is the process by which organic substances are naturally broken down by living organisms?
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biodegradation
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Termination of metabolic processes is called ______ death.
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cellular
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Chemicals responsible for the dilation and increased permeability of blood vessels in allergic reactions are called
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histamines.
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Streptococcus and staphylococcus are examples of
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bacteria.
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A government health insurance program for Americans over age 65 is
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Medicare.
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What is the most common type of arthritis?
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osteoarthritis
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Which of the following activities helps lower the risk of dementia in older adults?
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reading
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The medical term for severe deterioration of mental functioning resulting from a brain disorder is
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dementia
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Which of the following best describes symptoms you should check with a physician about?
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recurrent
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Which of the following is a good strategy for evaluating a CAM therapy?
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Finding out in advance the expected length and cost of treatment
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An infection that travels throughout the body is referred to as
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systemic.
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Which of the following statements related to medication expiration dates has the FDA found to be true?
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Almost all medications remain potent several years after the expiration date.
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Which of the following does the release of histamines NOT cause in the affected area?
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infection
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Hepatitis B is transmitted mainly by
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intimate sexual contact.
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The disease that is most likely to increase in incidence because of the thinning of the ozone layer is
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skin cancer
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The ozone layer
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protects the earth from ultraviolet radiation.
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Which of the following best describes conventional medicine?
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It is founded on the application of the scientific method.
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Which of the following describes the slow disintegration of the tissue at the center of the retina?
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age-related macular degeneration
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Chlamydia is the most prevalent ______ STD.
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bacterial
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In traditional Chinese medicine, the life force contained in all living things is called
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qi.
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Release of ______ into the atmosphere is the primary cause of the depletion of the ozone layer.
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CFCs
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Which of the following can arthritis cause?
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loss of mobility
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Which of the following is NOT a stage of dying as defined by Elizabeth Kübler-Ross?
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vulnerability
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Examples of autoimmune disease include
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systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
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What country leads the world in energy consumption?
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United States
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In Western medicine, the scientific method is applied by using
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research.
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Chapter 6 - Abortion
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_____________________ Terminology: -Conception -Fusion of sperm and egg to form zygote -Viability -Ability to sustain life outside of the womb -Abortion -The expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus before it is sufficiently developed to survive -Pro life vs. Pro choice -Miscarriage -Spontaneous abortion that occurs naturally Legal Status of Abortion: -1973: Rode vs Wade -Supreme Court Ruled: -Pregnancy divided into 3 trimesters -1st: up to woman and doctor -2nd: state may regulate once the fetus becomes viable -3rd: state may regulate and bar all abortions that are not life- threatening to mother -States have a variety of laws on abortion. -Between 1995 and 2006, the number of state laws restricting abortion more than quadrupled.
