Penn Foster Intro To Biology Proctored Exam – Flashcards
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Which of the following is NOT a domain of the 3 domain system?
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Prokarya
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An atom of which of the following elements contains 6 protons and electrons?
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Carbon
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___ is the name for all the chemical processes in the cell.
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Metabolism
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What does a receptor protein do?
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Allows a specific molecule to bind to it because of its shape
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___ are modifications that make organisms suited to their way of life.
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Adaptations
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Example of a monosaccharide
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Glucose
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What is the MAIN energy molecule in the body?
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ATP
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Which of the following molecules is a byproduct of cellular respiration?
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Water
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Which of the following organelles is part of the endomembrane system?
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Golgi Apparatus
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Sunflowers belong to which Kingdom?
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Plantae
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An insect is able to walk across the surface of a pond without sinking because of the:
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Surface tension of the water
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Which of the following structures surrounds the cytoplasm in a bacterial cell?
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Plasma membrane
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Which of the following is TRUE of the scientific method?
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Accepted explanation for how the world works
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Binomial name given to an organism is composed of:
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Genus, Species
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Crossing-over involves the exchange of genetic information between:
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Nonsister chromatids
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Nucleic acids are composed of monomers called:
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Nucleotides
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Which of the following occurs in the cristae of the mitochondria?
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Electron transport chain
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What does electronegativity mean?
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Affinity for electrons in a covalent bond
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If you immerse a living cell in a hypertonic solution, water will:
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Move out of the cell
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Which of the following occurs during the light reactions of photosynthesis?
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NADPH production
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___ chromosomes are found in pairs, one from father and mother
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Homologus
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Bacteria reproduce by:
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Binary Fission
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Autosomes are ___ chromosomes
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Nonsex
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What holds the base pairs of DNA together?
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Hydrogen bonding
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Which of the following is an x-linked recessive disorder?
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Color-blindness
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How does mitosis in plant cells differ from that in animal cells?
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Animals lack a cell plate and plant cells lack centrioles
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___ have the potential to develop and specialize into any cell type, which means they're:
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Totipotent, Embryotic stem cells
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A woman who isn't color blind but has an allele for color blindness reproduces with a man who has normal vision. What is the chance they'll have a colorblind daughter?
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0%
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Which of the following shows the correct order in which genes are expressed?
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DNA -> RNA -> Proteins
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Stating that an organism is heterozygous is stating its:
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Genotype
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The phase of cell division in which chromosomes align on the spindle equator halfway between the spindle poles is:
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Metaphase
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If a piece of DNA breaks off from a chromosome and attaches itself to a nonhomologus chromosome at another location, what type of change has occurred?
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Translocation
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What is a characteristic of cancer cells?
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They result in uncontrolled growth
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One parent has curly hair, one parent has straight hair, their child has wavy hair. This is an example of:
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Incomplete Dominance
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___ are the proteins that DNA is wound around to form chromosomes.
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Histones
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2 organisms, each with the genotype TtGg, mate the chance of producing an offspring that has the dominant phenotype for height (T) and the recessive phenotype color (g) is:
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3/16
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Which of these is happening when translation takes place?
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tRNA are bringing amino acids to the ribosomes
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If a cell has 46 chromosomes, how many will it have after meiosis?
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23
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Both insects and roundworms exhibit ___ whereas sponges, snails and leeches do not.
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Molting during growth
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In the evolutionary adaption sense, what is fitness?
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The reproductive success of an individual
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Fungi are considered to be more closely related to animals instead of plants because they:
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Can't make their own food
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___ isolation occurs when 2 species occupy different habitats within the same geographical range:
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Habitat isolation
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The distinction between protostomes and deuterostomes is based on differences in their:
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Embryological development
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In evolution, the study of vertebrae forelimbs is related to __ evidence.
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Anatomical evidence
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Which of the following structures develops into a pollen grain?
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Microspore
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Which one of the following choices presents a condition required for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to be in effect?
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Random mating occurs
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What happens when previous adaptations are no longer suitable for changes in the environment?
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Extinction
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Which of the following is an example of a group of prokaryotic organisms?
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Archaea
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Darwin argued that the beak size and shape of Galapagos Finch species was related to their:
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Food source
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a service provided by beneficial bacteria? A. Food production B. Nutrient Cycling C. Bioaccumulation D. Bioremediation
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Bioaccumulation
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The most diverse and prevalent organisms on earth are:
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Bacteria
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Angiosperms may use any of the following to disperse pollen except:
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Water
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Which of the following is not a form of genetic recombination in bacteria?
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Binary Fission
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The tail bones of humans is an example of ___ structure.
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Vestigial
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According to the theory of evolution, birds feathers evolved from:
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Reptile Scales
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__ capture their prey with a ring of stinging tentacles.
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Cnidarians
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What organisms can live in hot springs and thermal vents?
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Archaea
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During the life cycle of a plant, gametophyte is to n as sporophyte is to:
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2n
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Which nutrient is not a source of energy for the body?
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Vitamins
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What type of reproduction shuffles the genes?
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Sexual
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How many cotyledons would be found in a flowering plant with 9 petals on each flower and long leaves with parallel leaf veins?
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One
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What is thigmotropism?
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Growth in response to touch
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In plants, what type of tissue is responsible for transporting water and nutrients?
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Vascular
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Which series best illustrates the pathway of blood flow in a closed circulatory system?
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Heart, Arteries, Capillaries, Veins
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What chamber of the heart receives blood from the pulmonary veins?
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Left Atrium
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During development, an embryo is embedded in the:
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Endometrium
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Which of the following would cause a plant to grow taller?
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Gibberellins
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During transpiration, water exits the leaf via:
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The stomata
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Which of the following is the largest?
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Bronchi
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Annual rings in woody stems are caused by an increase in rings of the:
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Secondary Xylem
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Too much calcium in a persons diet may result in
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Kidney stones
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In plants, the purpose of auxins is to:
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Bring about apical dominance
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What happens when the lungs recoil?
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Expiration occurs
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Which of the following animals has a single-loop closed circulatory system?
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Fish
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InVitro fertilization takes place in:
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A laboratory
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What is the internal lining of many organs called?
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Epithelium
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Which structure transports sugars from leaves to the roots?
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Phloem
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Which of the following is a renewable resource?
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Wind
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During exponential growth, the rate of growth:
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Starts slowly then accelerates
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___ is the science of observing and describing organisms in their environment paired with experimental science:
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Ecology
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The most common cause of desertification is:
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Overgrazing
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A complex of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem is called a/an:
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Food web
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Which of the following factors will have a greater impact on a population as the density of that population increases?
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Predation
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All of the following are renewable sources of energy except ___ power.
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Nuclear
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Study the following food chain: Grass -> Rabbits -> Snakes -> Hawks. From this food chain, you can correctly assume that each population:
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Supports the next trophic level
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Which of the following was one result of the "Green Revolution"?
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An increase in the yield of crops for less developed countries
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Environmental impact of a population includes all of the following except:
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Predation
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Which one of the following phrases describes many countries within Asia and Africa?
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LDC's experiencing rapid population growth
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Completion, predation, and parasitism are ___ factors influencing population growth.
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Density dependent
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Which one of the following is an example of resource partitioning?
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2 species of squirrels- one eats acorns from the branches and one that eats acorns that have fallen to the ground
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Which one of the following pollutants is responsible for the increase in skin cancer?
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Chlorofluorocarbons
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What characteristic of a population increases with plentiful resources?
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Population density
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Why might introduction of an exotic species disrupt an ecosystem?
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They can outcompete the native species
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A species particular position in a community is its:
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Niche
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Which of the following is the correct definition of carrying capacity?
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The number of individuals an environment can sustain
