question

The autonomic nervous system coordinates which of the following?

answer

Internal environment of the body

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The major function of the sympathetic nervous system is to:

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orchestrate the stress response.

question

The parasympathetic nervous system maintains the day-to-day function of:

answer

digestion

question

Cerebrospinal fluid serves as a:

answer

shock absorber.

question

The motor cortex of the brain is in the:

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frontal lobe.

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The thalamus is the major integration center for perception of:

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pain

question

The awareness of body position is known as:

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proprioception

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Which area of the brain is responsible for perceiving sounds and for determining their source?

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Temporal lobe

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Nerves that arise from the brain rather than the spinal cord are called:

answer

cranial

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If a patient cannot shrug the shoulders against resistance, which cranial nerve (CN) requires further evaluation?

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CN XI, spinal accessory

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The major portion of brain growth and myelinization occurs between ____ year(s) of age.

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birth and 1

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Motor maturation proceeds in an orderly progression from:

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head to toe.

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Normal changes of the aging brain include:

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diminished perception of touch.

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The area of body surface innervated by a particular spinal nerve is called a:

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dermatome

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Environmental hazards and cognitive function are data needed for the personal and social history section of a neurologic assessment for:

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every patient.

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A neurologic past medical history should include data about:

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circulatory problems.

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When assessing superficial pain, touch, vibration, and position perceptions, you are testing:

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sensory function.

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You are examining a patient in the emergency department who has recently sustained head trauma. In order to initially assess this patient's neurologic status, you would:

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test the six cardinal points of gaze.

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You are initially evaluating the equilibrium of Ms. Q. You ask her to stand with her feet together and arms at her sides. She loses her balance. Ms. Q. has a positive:

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Romberg sign.

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The finger-to-nose test allows assessment of:

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coordination and fine motor function.

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You are performing a two-point discrimination test as part of a well physical examination. The area with the ability to discern two points in the shortest distance is the:

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fingertips

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As Mr. B. enters the room, you observe that his gait is wide based and he staggers from side to side while swaying his trunk. You would document Mr. B.'s pattern as:

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cerebellar ataxia.

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Deep pressure tests are used mostly for patients who are experiencing:

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absent superficial pain sensation.

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To assess a cremasteric reflex, the examiner strokes the:

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inner thigh and observes whether the testicle and scrotum rise on the stroked side.

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You have asked a patient to close his eyes and identify an object placed in his hand. You are evaluating:

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stereognosis

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The ability to recognize a number traced on the skin is called:

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graphesthesia

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Which one of the following conditions is consistent with Brown-Séquard syndrome?

answer

Motor paralysis on lesion side of the body

question

To assess spinal levels L2, L3, and L4, which deep tendon reflex should be tested?

answer

Patellar

question

When using a monofilament to assess sensory function, the examiner:

answer

applies pressure to the monofilament until the filament bends.

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Visible or palpable extension of the elbow is caused by reflex contraction of which muscle?

answer

Triceps

question

It is especially important to test for ankle clonus if:

answer

deep tendon reflexes are hyperactive.

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Which sign is associated with meningitis and intracranial hemorrhage?

answer

Nuchal rigidity

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When assessing a 17-year-old for nuchal rigidity, you gently raise his head off the examination table. He involuntarily flexes his hips and knees. To confirm your suspicions associated with this positive test, you would also perform a test for the _____ sign.

answer

Kernig

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On a scale of 0 to 4+, which deep tendon reflex score is appropriate for a finding of clonus in a patient?

answer

3+

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Cranial nerve XII may be assessed in an infant by:

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observing the infant suck and swallow.

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You are most concerned for the infant that has a:

answer

strong tonic neck at 6 months.

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At what age should the infant begin to transfer objects from hand to hand?

answer

7 months

question

A positive Babinski sign is normal until what age?

answer

16 to 24 months

question

Which of the following is a concern, rather than an expected finding, in older adults?

answer

Bilateral pillrolling of the fingers

question

Ipsilateral Horner syndrome indicates a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurring in the:

answer

posterior inferior cerebellar artery.

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An acute polyneuropathy that commonly follows a nonspecific infection occurring 10 to 14 days earlier and that primarily affects the motor and autonomic peripheral nerves in an ascending pattern is:

answer

Guillain-Barré syndrome.

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The immune system attacks the synaptic junction between the nerve and muscle fibers blocking acetylcholine receptor sites in:

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myasthenia gravis.

question

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy will likely produce:

answer

diminished pain sensation.

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Persons with Parkinson disease have an altered gait that is characterized by:

answer

short shuffling steps.

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Blood supply 20% of cardiac output

answer

Brain

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houses the higher mental functions and is responsible for

answer

Gray outer layer (cerebral cortex)

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interconnect the counterpart areas in each hemisphere, permitting the coordination of activities between the hemispheres.

answer

Commissural fibers (corpus callosum)

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Voluntary skeletal movement Fine repetitive movement Control of eye movement

answer

Frontal lobe

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Corticospinal tracts extend from

answer

the primary motor area into the spinal cord.

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Processes sensory data Interpretation of tactile sensations (i.e., temperature, pressure, pain,

answer

Parietal lobe

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Assists with: Visual sensations Gustatory sensations Olfactory sensations Auditory sensations

answer

Parietal lobe

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Perception and interpretation of sounds and determination of their source Integration of taste, smell, and balance Reception of speech and interpretation of speech are located in Wernicke area.

answer

Temporal lobe

question

Extrapyramidal pathway and processing station between the cerebral motor cortex and the upper brainstem

answer

Basal ganglia system

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Uses sensory data for reflexive control of: Muscle tone Equilibrium Posture

answer

Cerebrum

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Pathway between the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord

answer

Brainstem

question

The nuclei of the 12 cranial nerves arise from these structures.

answer

Brainstem

PD: Chapter 22: Neurologic System(to slide 26) – Flashcards

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