pathology -skin diseases/oral infection pictures – Flashcards
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Pemphigus Vulgaris
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-Autoimmune disease that produces antibody-mediated -Superficial vesicles and bullae develop rapidly and rupture quickly leaving shallow erosions covered by dried serum and crust. -a lattice-like or chicken-wire pattern -can be a life-threatening disease
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Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
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-autoimmune vesiculobullous disease gets its name from its clinical similarities to pemphigus -affects attached gingiva where erosive lesions are sometimes referred to as "desquamative gingivitis." and sometimes hard palate -disease is limited to mucous membranes, it is not life-threatening
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Erythema Multiforme on the palate
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-self-limited mucocutaneous disorder that is of acute onset -Triggers=infections, drugs, malignancies, autoimmune diseases
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Erythema Multiforme on lips
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-oral involvement typically develop bloody crusty lips -self-limited 2 weeks (6 for major cases) -topical anesthetics
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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
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is a rafe form of Erythema Multiforme -extensive painful skin and mucosal involvement. -Must have involvement of ocular and/or genital mucosa in addition to oral mucosa -life-threatening, may require hospitalization
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Lichen Planus=relatively common cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disease that involves the skin and mucous membranes
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cell-mediated cytotoxic immune response (similar to type IV hypersensitivity reaction) that targets the dermal-epidermal junction -Presenting signs on the skin are the "four Ps" - pruritic (itchy), purple/violet (when fresh and brown as they age), polygonal (abnormal shape) papules. -Striae of Wickham -looks like snowflake and is hyperkeratosis -Disease cannot be cured
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Reticular Lichen Planus
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most common form; characterized by white lacelike striae of Wickham, especially on buccal mucosa; often asymptomatic
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Erosive Lichen Planus
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-characterized by loss of surface epithelium, leaving painful red lesions; eroded areas typically have radiating white striae at edges. -associated with an increased risk for oral cancer
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Erosive Lichen Planus on gingiva
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painful red lesions
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Psoriasis in the mouth
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autoimmune disease -characterized by salmon pink plaques on the skin with delicate silvery scales on the surface. Peeling of the scale produces pin-point bleeding spots
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Geographic tongue
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-a common inflammatory oral condition -unknown etiology -multiple irregular areas devoid of filiform papillae. These areas are erythematous -No treatment is indicated for most patients
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what is geographic tongue called when it affects oral mucosal surfaces other than the tongue?
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erythema migrans or stomatitis areata migrans -lesions appear as flat oval to irregular red macules
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Lupus Erythematosus on palate
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-classic autoimmune disease -type III allergic reaction -Avoid sunlight
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Systemic Sclerosis Oral Manifestations
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1) May affect oral soft tissues, including tongue and soft palate. Lips become rigid. 2) Dental radiographs may show widening of the periodontal membrane. 3) Also may have xerostomia.
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Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
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b) Red swollen painful gingiva, especially interdental papillae, is characteristic. c) Vesicles rupture to leave painful ragged ulcers. d) Dorsal tongue is usually coated and there may be oral malodor. -7-10 day self-limited -topical treatment or antiviral drugs for immuno-compromised pt
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Herpes Labialis
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Lesion starts with local swelling and redness, and then vesicles (1-2 mm) develop, rupture and crust over.
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Recurrent Intraoral Herpes
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-hard palate and gingiva -small painful ulcers with red halos -7-10 days to heal
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Herpetic Whitlow
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on skin that touched herpes infection
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Chickenpox
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-It is characterized by fever, sore throat, and a blistering rash. -Like the other herpes family viruses, VZV goes into a latent phase after the acute infection is over. It most often resides in the dorsal root ganglia.
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Herpes Zoster/Shingles
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-the recurrent form of chicken pox -Lesions are very painful. -Unilateral involvement along one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve -may produce post-herpetic neuralgia
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Infectious Mononucleosis
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-Epstein-Barr virus -Transmitted by intimate contact - petechiae on hard and soft palate
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Herpangina
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-Caused by infection with Coxsackie group A virus -Generalized symptoms in include sore throat, fever, headache. -Small ulcers develop on the hard/soft palate (and tongue) and are preceded by vesicles. -Ulcers heal within a few days -self-limited
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hand foot and mouth disease
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NO PHOTO available. photo of herpangina Resemble herpangina except: -More numerous ulcers - 1 to 30 -Not confined to the posterior areas of the mouth Most common sites affected: -Buccal mucosa -Labial mucosa -Tongue
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Pseudomembranous Candidiasis/Thrush
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erythematous mucosal surface
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Pseudomembranous Candidiasis
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(classic curdled milk appearance of oral lesions)
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Erythematous Candidiasis
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under a denture -Red macules and burning sensation
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Median Rhomboid Glossitis
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1) Erythematous zone in posterior dorsal surface of tongue where infection is associated with loss of filiform papillae 2) Asymptomatic
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Angular Cheilitis
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1) Red, weeping fissure at corner of mouth 2) Often seen in denture-wearer and older persons.
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Chronic Hyperplastic Candidiasis
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1) White plaque that cannot be wiped off 2) May actually represent Candida infection superimposed on leukoplakia
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Histoplasmosis
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-facultative intracellular opportunistic fungus. -ulcerated granular lesion 1) Red nodular to ulcerative mucosal lesions 2) Deep fungal infection - organism is invasive into supporting tissue. 3) May erode into/through underlying bone.
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zygomycosis
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nectrotic lesion of palate -Opportunistic infections by organisms that normally live in decaying plants destroy host tissue as they invade
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Actinomycosis
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-abscesses with sulfur granules in exudate -Host response to infection produces a fibrotic wall around the infection
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Impetigo
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-superficial infection of the skin by group A Streptococci (S. pyogenes, etc.) or Staphylococcus aureus -facial lesion around mouth -Ruptured vesicles ooze and soon form a thick amber crust on top. Crust resembles "cornflakes glued to the surface."
