Part 4A Multiple Choice – Flashcards
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Mark Twain had most in common with
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Ned Buntline
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Which of the following is true for labor in both the colonial days and in the late nineteenth century?
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The shortage of workers was a challenge
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A practice that differentiated late-nineteenth century industry from its earlier counterparts before the Civil War was
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advertising
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Who, among the following, epitomizes a Horatio Alger story?
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Andrew Carnegie
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The AFL was more successful than the Knights of Labor, mainly because
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the AFL represented "bread and butter" issues
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Which of the following statements is true regarding American labor in the late nineteenth century?
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The Western Federation of Miners and the IWW were among the most radical of the unions
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The rise of nickelodeons, amusement parks, dance halls, vaudeville, and other "cheap amusements" had the effect of
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challenging traditional courtship rituals
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Which of the following would Mark Twain think best embodies the spirit of the "Gilded Age"?
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Ward McAllister's Social Register
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Which of the following represents the "genteel tradition" begun in the 1860s?
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The Atlantic Monthly
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Which phenomenon most influenced the rise of the cult of masculinity?
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Urban life and work
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Which is NOT true of Tammany Hall?
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Its power was broken by William Marcy Tweed
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The late nineteenth century is known as the "Age of Robber Barons." What were robber barons?
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Capitalists who became wealthy from the economic system but contributed nothing to it
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An effect of the Civil War and the South's resultant supply of cheap labor was
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southern economic retardation and stagnation.
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A result of mass production was that
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skilled workers gradually lost their autonomy
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"It looks to me like slavery to have a man stand over you with a stop watch." To what is this iron molder referring?
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Scientific management
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What do the Railroad Strike of 1877 and the great Pullman boycott of 1894 have in common?
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The federal government sent troops to put both strikes down
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What was a major effect of the American radical movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century?
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It exposed the exploitative and unjust features of the American industrial order.
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The United States encouraged Chinese immigration through such means as the Burlingame Treaty (1868) partially
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to provide workers for the Central Pacific Railroad.
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What Jeffersonian ideal was cited to allow business to grow and prosper without regulation, often at the expense of its workers and consumers?
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The government that governs best, governs least.
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A poor young boy who makes his way in the world regardless of the obstacles in his path and rises to greatness, is the theme of stories by
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Horatio Alger
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The growth of trusts, seen especially in the railroad industry in the last half of the nineteenth century, was a result of the
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pervasiveness of intense competition among producers
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Why was the Great Plains the last area to be settled?
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With about half the rainfall of the East, it was perceived as uninhabitable
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The dominant northern Plains Indian tribe was the
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Sioux
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The factor that changed Americans' perception of the plains to an area ripe for exploitation was the
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railroad
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Initially, the major American business on the Great Plains was
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cattle ranching
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The author of many dime novels who built up the myth of life in the West was
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Ned Buntline
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The last great Indian "battle" was a massacre of Sioux Indians
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at Wounded Knee
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An army scout and buffalo hunter made famous in dime novels, this showman created a wild west show that kept the legend of the West alive.
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Bill Cody
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Which of the following did NOT promote settlement of the Great American Desert?
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Cattle ranchers
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An outcome of settlement on the plains was
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the breaking down of gender roles
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Which of the following made surviving on the plains easier?
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New strains of wheat and steel plows
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Oliver Kelly founded the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry, which
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hoped to improve the social life of farm families.
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State Granger laws were designed mostly to
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regulate the railroads
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What factor wrecked the Indian reservation system established by the United States government?
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White land hunger
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The Far West was settled before the central United States mostly because of
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the discovery of mineral wealth.
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New Mexico was unique in that
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European and Native American cultures managed a successful coexistence
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What stimulated Mexican migration into the United States at the end of the nineteenth century?
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A demand for workers
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The Chinese came to the United States
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as part of a worldwide Asian migration driven by poverty
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The Dawes Severalty Act
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used private ownership of property as a "civilizing force."
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Which of the following is properly matched?
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Helen Hunt Jackson—A Century of Dishonor
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The Exodusters were
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blacks who migrated to Kansas
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As American industry expanded in the late nineteenth century, its energy source shifted from
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water to coal
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To encourage business enterprise, the national government provided railroads with
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land grants and incorporation
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By 1900, the United States had become the leading steel producer in the world, mainly attributed to
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the Bessemer Process.
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Credit Mobilier was
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a railroad scandal involving Union Pacific
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Which of the following is correctly matched?
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Cornelius Vanderbilt—New York Central Railroad
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By 1890, the American enterprise system surpassed anything in Europe mainly because
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the American market was more vast and accessible than Europe's
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Both Andrew Carnegie and Gustavus Swift made use of vertical integration, which is
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when a national company pushes out its competition and controls the nearly the entire industry
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Economic growth in the New South developed more slowly than in the North because
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the Southern industries produced mostly raw materials or did low-tech processing.
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As Northern European immigration to the United States declined at the end of the nineteenth century, which immigrant group dramatically increased?
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southern and eastern Europeans
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Which of the following jobs was NOT generally available to women at the end of the nineteenth century?
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southern and eastern Europeans
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Which of the following is properly paired?
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ndrew Carnegie—steel industry
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A result of "scientific management" (Taylorism) was that
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it angered the workers.
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Which of the following statements about the labor movement is correct?
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The Knights of Labor included women and African Americans in its union
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Which of the following is properly matched?
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Collective bargaining—union negotiations with the employer for all the employees
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The Haymarket incident in 1886
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led to the downfall of the Knights of Labor
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Which is true of the Homestead steel strike?
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It ushered in a decade of conflict between workers and corporate industry
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Which statement is NOT true about the Pullman boycott (strike)?
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A virtual war broke out between the strikers and the Pinkerton guards hired to protect the trains
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Eugene V. Debs
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confronted a system in which employers, helped by government, beat down working people
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The IWW (Wobblies) and their leader, "Big Bill" Haywood, believed that
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workers could bring about a Marxist revolution by means of a general strike.
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What were the greatest factors in defining occupational opportunity in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century?
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Gender and race
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Urbanization became inevitable in the United States because of
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industrialism
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Frederick Law Olmsted was significant in urban development through his work in
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creating public parks as part of the "City Beautiful" movement
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For the newcomer, the anonymity of city life meant recognition, family background, and deference did little to determine one's social status. Therefore status was expressed by
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choice of one's neighborhood.
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The novelist who realistically depicted the seedy side of urban life in the novels Sister Carrie and The Titan was
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Theodore Dreiser
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Industrialism and urbanization changed middle-class family life in all of the following ways EXCEPT
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home schooling increased.
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A marker for urban dwellers' fears that city life was emasculating was
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the rising popularity of westerns, adventure novels, and competitive sports
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"New" immigration patterns in the early twentieth century reflected the growing emigration from
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southern and eastern Europe
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The central institution for urban African Americans was
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church
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Which of the following correctly matches the people with their respective endeavors?
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Dwight Moody and Billy Sunday—religious revivalism
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Financing for much of urban culture came from
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private investment
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By the early 1900s, cities became a major concern for reformers who feared
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that city life engendered the loss of republican America ideals.
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Which of the following was true for middle-class families in the late nineteenth century?
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Attitudes toward child rearing changed as children were indulged and remained dependent on their parents longer than they had previously
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Which of the following is true about popular culture in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
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A change occurred in which culture was increasingly feminized and "confiscated" by the upper classes
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Which of the following was LEAST employed for the practice of "treating"?
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Baseball
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William Randolph Hearst's and Joseph Pulitzer's sensationalist style of reporting was known as
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yellow journalism
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Which of the following was NOT true of the urban political machine?
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It kept new immigrants from taking jobs from native-born Americans.
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Which of the following is true of religion in the city at the turn of the century?
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The Catholic Church found that in order to hold on to their congregations, they needed to incorporate ethnic differences and the American way of life
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Cities offered all the following amenities EXCEPT
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comfortable, modern housing for the working classes
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Which of the following made the growth of skyscrapers possible?
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The development of steel girders, plate glass, and elevators
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Dumbbell tenements were
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a prize-winning design that tried to reconcile maximum land usage with decent housing but was sorely inadequate in reality
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