Paper Definition and Types (Praxis Art Content Exam)
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Acid Free
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pH neutral paper
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Cold Press Watercolor Paper
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Rougher surface than hot press paper
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Cotton Linter
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Sheets of pressed ground cotton; these may be torn and reground for pulp
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Cotton or Rag Paper
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Paper may have 100% or partial rag content mixed with paper pulp
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Deckle
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A frame around the edges of a paper making mold
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Deckle Edges
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The rough edges left on the paper when the deckle is removed from the screen mold
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Grain
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Fibers are aligned in one direction in machine-made paper, making it easy to tear lengthwise
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Hot Press Watercolor Paper
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Smoother surface than cold press paper
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Laid Pattern
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The lines left on a paper's surface from the mold's screening
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Matte Finish
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Dull finish (non reflective). Does not have a size applied to give it a sheen.
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Pithe
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Pulpy inner lining of a stalk used in paper making (such as that of the papyrus plant)
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Pulp
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Rag or ground pulp (organic materials) that is floated in water, then pressed onto a mold
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Quire
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One-twentieth of a ream; 24 or 25 sheets of paper folded together
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Ream
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480 or 500 sheets of paper of the same size and quality
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Sizing
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A solution applied for an even surface and to prevent absorption
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Tooth
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The texture of a paper that will hold pastels and charcoal
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Watermark
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A mark made with a metal wire on the screen of handmade paper
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Weight
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Paper has weights ranging from lightweight to heavier
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Amate
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Paper made in Mexico from the inner bark of special trees, including fig trees
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Arches©
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100% cotton paper specifically for watercolor, watermarked, two deckle edges
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Banana Paper
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Product of Costa Rica; interesting texture
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Bark Paper
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From the bark of fig and mulberry trees, for printing, collage, drawing, or painting
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Bateek-O
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Absorbent paper allows one to apply a wax-resist then paint over it for a batik effect
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Bleed-Proof
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Used for detailed pen and ink illustrations and technical pens
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Block Printing
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Smooth printing paper, coated on one side
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Blotting
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Heavy, coarse paper suitable for blotting (fuzzy ink drawings)
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Bogus
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Gray, coarse paper suitable for pastel, pencil, and crayon
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Bond
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White, smooth surfaced paper
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Butcher
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White or colored paper, matte on one side, shiny on the other; comes in large rolls
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Calligraphy
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Smooth paper for pen and ink, available in mottled parchment, white or cream
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Canvas Paper
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Heavy paper that has been textured to resemble canvas
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Card Stock
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Heavyweight paper for greeting cards, stamping, and computer printing
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Cellophane
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Vividly colored transparent sheets
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Charcoal
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100% cotton; has a laid pattern for shading with charcoal and pastels
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Color-Aid
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314 hues, tints, and shades available for color layouts, mock-ups, and collage
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Construction
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Heavy, inexpensive, multipurpose colored paper that fades quickly
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Contrast-O©
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Two layered sheet of white over black; remove top layer with an art knife
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Corrugated
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Brightly colored wavy-ridged paper paper to add texture for masks, collages, signs, and bulletin boards
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Crepe Paper
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Slightly wrinkled stretchy paper; for a wide variety of decorating and craft uses
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Drawing
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All-purpose white paper suitable for wet and dry media
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Elephant Dung Paper
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Odorless, processed paper comes in a variety of colors and textures
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Embossed
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Paper that has a texture imprinted while it was wet
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Etching
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Heavy paper that must be dampened for etching
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Fabriano©
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Light or heavy imported paper for pencil, paint, ink or etching
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Fadeless
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Brilliantly colored sun-resistant paper
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Fadeless Duet
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Paper that has a different bright color on each side and is sun-resistant
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Finger Paint
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Medium weight paper with one side very slick
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Foil
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Metallic paper that can be used to accent a composition
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Graph
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Non-reproducing blue line cross-sections in grid sizes 1/4, 1/2, and 1 inch thick
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Graphite
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Coated with graphite on one side for use in tracing
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Gummed
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Gummed on the back
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Ingres©
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Fine imported paper for charcoal, pastel, crayon, Conté
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Inkjet
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Treated paper in matte or gloss finish for digital photos or illustrations
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Kraft
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Roll paper in tan, colors, or white that has a smooth and rough side
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Laid paper
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In handmade paper, the surface has parallel lines from the wires that supported the paper; modern laid papers give an ideal surface (tooth) for pastels
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Manila Drawing
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Buff-colored, coarse, inexpensive paper, mostly for dry media
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Marbleized
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Paper that has richly patterned color on one side; originally used in book binding
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Metal Foil
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One side coated with foil; comes in a variety of colors
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Mulberry
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Translucent paper made from the inner fiber of the mulberry
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Mylar©
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Shiny, reflective plastic that comes in vivid colors; also comes in clear sheets that are textured on one side to hold a watercolor design
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Neon Fluorescent Art
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Neon colors for drawing, charcoal, copy machine art
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Newsprint
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Rough textured wood pulp surface for pencil, pastel, or charcoal; yellows and becomes brittle quickly (unsuitable for final work)
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Non Carcinogenic
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Safe for use with children
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Nontoxic
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Safe for use with children
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Oak Tag (Tag Board)
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Many colors, smooth surface, strong; suitable for portfolios and sculpture
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Oatmeal
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Textured cream finish suitable for pastels, chalk, charcoal, and watercolor
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Onion Skin
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Very thin unglazed tracing paper
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Origami
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Squares of smooth, colored, lightweight paper, normally white on one side
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Papyrus
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Thin strips of plant stalk from papyrus laid in horizontal and vertical layers
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Parchment
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Paper for calligraphy; originally parchment was made from sheep or goatskin
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Pastel
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Paper with rough or smooth surfaces that have tooth to hold pastels
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Postcard Blanks
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2-ply Bristol board, 4x6 inches
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Recycled
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Paper that contains all or part recycled pulp
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Release
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Silicone-treated paper; resistant to heat; for use in laminating and dry mounting
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Rice
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Textured, white, smooth, translucent paper made from the stems and branches of a plant/tree
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Rives© Paper
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Fine printmaking paper made in France
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Scratch-Art©
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Paper that has been coated with black, white, silver or gold; design is scratched through the black surface to reveal the undercoat (might be multicolored)
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Seamless
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Heavy roll paper in extra wide widths for use as photographic backdrops
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Silhouette
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Lightweight, tear resistant paper with smooth, matte black finish on one side
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Stencil Paper
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Heavy oiled or waxed surface that will cut easily and hold an edge
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Tissue
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Comes in many colors and surface treatments such as plain, waxed or pearlized
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Tracing
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Smooth-surfaced translucent paper
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Vellum
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Rag content, transparent, smooth, and strong; originally made from calfskin
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Watercolor
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Rough-textured paper used for watercolor, comes in weights from 72-400 (thickest); this surface will accept a variety of watercolor techniques
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Yupo
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White opaque form of polypropylene that accepts watercolor and marker; useful for monotype printmaking because it can be wiped clean and reused
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Ply
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A layer (referring to cardboard and mount board). Can range from single-ply to 24-ply. The higher the number the thicker the board. 14-ply is good for matting photographs or paintings. Most schools use 6-ply for normal matting. Inexpensive precut mats are 4-ply
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Archival Mount Board
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Acid-free, neutral pH mount board for protection of fine art work and photographs
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Bristol board
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100% cotton fiber, acid-free; for pencil, charcoal, pastel, washes, gouache
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Chipboard
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Rough, uncoated gray to black board ranging from medium to heavy weight
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Cold Press
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Illustration board with a toothy surface
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Corrugated Board
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Light, varicolored, corrugated on one side, mounted on white
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Display Boards
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Heavy-duty poster board with a laminated middle for extra strength and rigidity
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Fadeless Art Board
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Fade-resistant board for sculpture, posters, and other uses
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Foam Board
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Polystyrene smooth cardboard-like thickness, laminated on both sides with white or colored paper
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Hot Press
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Smooth surface illustration board
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Illustration Board
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Heavy quality board for commercial art, for pen and ink, and mounting
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Mounting Board (Mat Board)
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Heavy 14-ply suitable for photographs; smooth or pebbled
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Poster Board
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Varocolored 5-14 ply; suitable for all media
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Railroad Board
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Smooth, Bristol-type board, brightly colored or white, 2-, 4-, and 6-ply
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Scratchboard
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Board coated with white china clay, then coated (usually) with black ink
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Stipple Board
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White drawing board with a stipled texture
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Tag Board
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Cream colored cardboard that is used for shipping tags, also for file folders; comes in many sizes; also known as oak tag
