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Posture

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Motor Skills / skills in moving and interacting with task, objects, and environment.

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Stabilizes

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Motor > Posture / —Maintains trunk control and balance while interacting with task objects such that there is no evidence of transient (i.e., quickly passing) propping or loss of balance that affects task performance.

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MOTOR SKILLS

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skills in moving and interacting with task, objects, and environment

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Aligns

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Motor > Posture / Maintains an upright sitting or standing position, without evidence of a need to persistently prop during the task performance.

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Positions

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Motor > Posture / Positions body, arms, or wheelchair in relation to task objects and in a manner that promotes the use of efficient arm movements during task performance.

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Mobility

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Motor Skills / Relates to moving the entire body or a body part in space as necessary when interacting with task objects.

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Walks

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Motor Skills > Mobility / Ambulates on level surfaces and changes direction while walking without shuffling the feet, lurching, instability, or using external supports or assistive devices (e.g., cane, walker, wheelchair) during the task performance.

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Reaches

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Motor Skills > Mobility / Extends, moves the arm (and when appropriate, the trunk) to effectively grasp or place task objects that are out of reach, including skillfully using a reacher to obtain task objects.

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Bends

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Motor Skills > Mobility / Actively flexes, rotates, or twists the trunk in a manner and direction appropriate to the task.

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Coordination

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Motor Skills / Relates to using more than one body part to interact with task objects in a manner that supports task performance.

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Coordinates

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Motor Skills > Coordination / Uses two or more body parts together to stabilize and manipulate task objects during bilateral motor tasks.

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Manipulates

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Motor Skills > Coordination / Uses dexterous grasp-and-release patterns, isolated finger movements, and coordinated in-hand manipulation patterns when interacting with task objects.

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Flows

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Motor Skills > Coordination / Uses smooth and fluid arm and hand movements when interacting with task objects.

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Strength and effort

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Motor Skills / Pertains to skills that require generation of muscle force appropriate for effective interaction with task objects.

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Moves

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Motor Skills > Strength and effort / Pushes, pulls, or drags task objects along a supporting surface.

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Transports

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Motor Skills > Strength and effort / Carries task objects from one place to another while walking, seated in a wheelchair, or using a walker.

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Lifts

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Motor Skills > Strength and effort / Raises or hoists task objects, including lifting an object from one place to another, but without ambulating or moving from one place to another.

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Calibrates

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Motor Skills > Strength and effort/ Regulates or grades the force, speed, and extent of movement when interacting with task objects (e.g., not too much or too little).

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Grips

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Motor Skills > Strength and effort / Pinches or grasps task objects with no "grip slips."

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Energy

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Motor and Process Skills / Refers to sustained effort over the course of task performance.

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Endures

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Motor Skills > Energy / Persists and completes the task without obvious evidence of physical fatigue, pausing to rest, or stopping to "catch one's breath."

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Paces

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Motor and Process Skills > Energy / Maintains a consistent and effective rate or tempo of performance throughout the steps of the entire task.

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Process Skills

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"Skills...used in managing and modifying actions en route to the completion of daily life tasks"

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Attends

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Process Skills > Energy / Maintains focused attention throughout the task such that the client is not distracted away from the task by extraneous auditory or visual stimuli.

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Knowledge

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Process Skills / Refers to the ability to seek and use task-related knowledge.

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Chooses

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Process Skills > Knowledge / Selects appropriate and necessary tools and materials for the task, including choosing the tools and materials that were specified for use prior to the initiation of the task.

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Uses

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Process Skills > Knowledge / Uses tools and materials according to their intended purposes and in a reasonable or hygienic fashion, given their intrinsic properties and the availability (or lack of availability) of other objects.

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Handles

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Process Skills > Knowledge / Supports, stabilizes, and holds tools and materials in an appropriate manner that protects them from damage, falling, or dropping.

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Heeds

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Process Skills > Knowledge / Uses goal-directed task actions that are focused toward the completion of the specified task (i.e., the outcome originally agreed on or specified by another) without behavior that is driven or guided by environmental cues (i.e., "environmentally cued" behavior).

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Inquires

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Process Skills > Knowledge / (a) Seeks needed verbal or written information by asking questions or reading directions or labels or (b) asks no unnecessary information questions (e.g., questions related to where materials are located or how a familiar task is performed).

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Temporal organization

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Process Skills / Pertains to the beginning, logical ordering, continuation, and completion of the steps and action sequences of a task.

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Initiates

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Process Skills > Temporal organization / Starts or begins the next action or step without hesitation.

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Continues

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Process Skills > Temporal organization / Performs actions or action sequences of steps without unnecessary interruption such that once an action sequence is initiated, the individual continues on until the step is completed.

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Sequences

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Process Skills > Temporal organization / Performs steps in an effective or logical order for efficient use of time and energy and with an absence of (a) randomness in the ordering and/or (b) inappropriate repetition ("reordering") of steps.

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Terminates

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Process Skills > Temporal organization / Brings to completion single actions or single steps without perseveration, inappropriate persistence, or premature cessation.

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Organizing space and objects

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Process Skills / Pertains to skills for organizing task spaces and task objects.

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Searches/locates

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Process Skills > Organizing space and objects / Looks for and locates tools and materials in a logical manner, including looking beyond the immediate environment (e.g., looking in, behind, on top of).

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Gathers

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Process Skills > Organizing space and objects / Collects together needed or misplaced tools and materials, including (a) collecting located supplies into the workspace and (b) collecting and replacing materials that have spilled, fallen, or been misplaced.

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Organizes

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Process Skills > Organizing space and objects / Logically positions or spatially arranges tools and materials in an orderly fashion (a) within a single workspace and (b) among multiple appropriate workspaces to facilitate ease of task performance.

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Restores

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Process Skills > Organizing space and objects / (a) Puts away tools and materials in appropriate places, (b) restores immediate workspace to original condition (e.g., wiping surfaces clean), (c) closes and seals containers and coverings when indicated, and (d) twists or folds any plastic bags to seal.

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Navigates

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Process Skills > Organizing space and objects / Modifies the movement pattern of the arm, body, or wheelchair to maneuver around obstacles that are encountered in the course of moving through space such that undesirable contact with obstacles (e.g., knocking over, bumping into) is avoided (includes maneuvering objects held in the hand around obstacles).

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Adaptation

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Process Skills / Relates to the ability to anticipate, correct for, and benefit by learning from the consequences of errors that arise in the course of task performance.

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Notices/responds

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Process Skills > Adaptation / Responds appropriately to (a) nonverbal environmental/perceptual cues (i.e., movement, sound, smell, heat, moisture, texture, shape, consistency) that provide feedback with respect to task progression and (b) the spatial arrangement of objects to one another (e.g., aligning objects during stacking). Notices and, when indicated, makes an effective and efficient response.

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Accommodates

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Process Skills > Adaptation / Modifies his or her actions or the location of objects within the workspace in anticipation of or in response to problems that might arise. The client anticipates or responds to problems effectively by (a) changing the method with which he or she is performing an action sequence, (b) changing the manner in which he or she interacts with or handles tools and materials already in the workspace, and (c) asking for assistance when appropriate or needed.

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Adjusts

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Process Skills > Adaptation / Changes working environments in anticipation of or in response to problems that might arise. The client anticipates or responds to problems effectively by making some change (a) between working environments by moving to a new workspace or bringing in or removing tools and materials from the present workspace or (b) in an environmental condition (e.g., turning on or off the tap, turning up or down the temperature).

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Benefits

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Process Skills > Adaptation / Anticipates and prevents undesirable circumstances or problems from recurring or persisting.

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COMMUNICATION/INTERACTION SKILLS

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Refer to conveying intentions and needs and coordinating social behavior to act together with people.

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Physicality

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Communication/Interaction Skills / Pertains to using the physical body when communicating within an occupation.

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Contacts

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Physicality / Makes physical contact with others.

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Gazes

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Physicality / Uses eyes to communicate and interact with others.

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Gestures

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Physicality / Uses movements of the body to indicate, demonstrate, or add emphasis.

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Maneuvers

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Physicality / Moves one's body in relation to others.

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Orients

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Physicality / Directs one's body in relation to others and/or occupational forms.

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Postures

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Physicality / Assumes physical positions.

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Information exchange

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Communication/Interaction Skills / Refers to giving and receiving information within an occupation.

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Articulates

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Produces clear, understandable speech.

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Asserts

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Directly expresses desires, refusals, and requests.

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Asks

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Requests factual or personal information.

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Engages

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Initiates interactions.

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Expresses

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Displays affect/attitude.

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Modulates

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Uses volume and inflection in speech.

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Shares

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Gives out factual or personal information.

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Speaks

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Makes oneself understood through use of words, phrases, and sentences.

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Sustains

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Information exchange / Keeps up speech for appropriate duration.

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Relations

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Communication/Interaction Skills / Relates to maintaining appropriate relationships within an occupation.

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Collaborates

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Relations / Coordinates action with others toward a common end goal.

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Conforms

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Relations / Follows implicit and explicit social norms.

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Focuses

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Relations / Directs conversation and behavior to ongoing social action.

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Relates

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Relations / Assumes a manner of acting that tries to establish a rapport with others.

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Respects

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Communication/Interaction Skills > Relations / Accommodates to other people's reactions and requests.

OT Practice Framework – Performance Skills – Flashcards

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