question

The process of changing or reinforcing attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior is called

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Persuasion

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The focus of Trevor's speech is to convince his audience that grasshoppers play an important role in the ecological system and aren't just "bugs." His persuasive speech is designed to change the audience's

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Attitude

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Michael is trying to convince his roommate to change the way he feels about God and come to church with him next Sunday. Michael's feelings toward God are an example of a(n)

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Belief

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It is more difficult for a speaker to change the ________ of an audience than any of the other dispositions.

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Values

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Which of the following speakers is employing pathos in their persuasive message?

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"Friends help friends and I could use a friend at this very moment."

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The underlying internal force that drives people to achieve their goals is called

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Motivation

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Paulette is taking the time to think about everything the salesperson just told her before she decides whether to purchase the car. Which of the following terms applies to what Paulette is doing?

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Elaborate

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John had no idea why he bought the candy bar at the checkout counter. He wasn't hungry at all, but he loved the commercial he had seen about the candy on television last night. Which of the following can be used to explain John's purchase?

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Elaboration Likelihood Model

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Jillian decided to purchase the bicycle after she read about the manufacturer in a consumer magazine, spoke with the salesperson, and testedthe bike in the parking lot. Jillian is demonstrating the ________ persuasion route.

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Direct

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Cognitive dissonance can be used as a way to motivate listeners to respond to a persuasive message. What does the term dissonance mean?

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Lack of Harmony or Agreement

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The radio advertisement promoted the idea that the face cream would erase age spots in six months. This advertisement is using positive motivation by focusing on a(n)

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Benefit

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Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of using fear appeals found in the text?

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Mild fear appeals generally work better than strong ones.

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Kylie told the seminar participants that each of them should take a cultural awareness class before signing up for the trip. This demonstrates a proposition of

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Policy

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A speaker who is seen as informed, skilled, and knowledgeable about a topic can be described as

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Competent

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Carson liked the presenter because she told the audience that, just like them, she had also worked in state government. This is an example of ________ credibility.

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Derived

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Reasoning by analogy is a form of ________ reasoning.

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Inductive

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The three elements of a syllogism include: the major premise, the minor premise, and the

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Conclusion

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Sanjay's mother told her that since both of her kids had been exposed to chicken pox, it was almost certain they would come down with the disease. This is an example of

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Casual Reasoning

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A conclusion based on available evidence or partial information is called a(n)

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Inference

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While the governor had originally supported the defense of marriage law, he recently reversed his position and told state residents that same-sex marriage legislation should be implemented. This is an example of ________ testimony.

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Reluctant

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A belief that is held in common by a group of people, based on their values, cultural heritage, and faith is called a(n)

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Myth

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The speaker told the audience, "Let's all join together in this cleanup effort. This is our school, and we all need to care for it." Which emotion was this speaker appealing to?

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Pride

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Kevin knew that the majority of the people in his audience didn't really have an opinion on texting and driving so he was going to have to relate the topic to them in order to keep them interested. Kevin's audience can be described as

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Neutral

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Which of the following suggestions should a speaker follow when speaking to an unreceptive audience?

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Discuss Areas of Agreement Before Discussing Areas of Disagreement

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What is the correct sequence of steps in the motivated sequence organizational pattern?

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Attention, Need, Satisfaction, Visualization, Action

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Speakers tend to use more pronouns than someone who is writing. How does this demonstrate a difference between oral and written language styles?

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Oral style is more personal than written style.

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Semanticists use the ladder of ________ to demonstrate how something can be described in general or more specific terms.

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Abstraction

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A speaker should use ________ words when he or she wants to appeal to the audience's five senses.

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Concrete

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When Carlos heard they were going to his grandmother's house for dinner, he immediately thought of the delicious roast beef she made. His thoughts are an example of a ________ meaning.

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Connotative

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According to the text, a speaker should use words concisely. This means that he or she should

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Be Succinct

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Stephanie deleted the sentence "This has been an incredible journey." from her speech because she knows the word "journey" has become overused and somewhat meaningless. In other words, it is

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A Cliche

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Kenneth grew up in Louisiana and his speech includes Cajun phrases. These phrases are a form of

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Ethnic Vernacular

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The language taught by schools in the United States is known as ________ American English.

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Standard

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The specialized language used in a profession or hobby is known as

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Jargon

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During her speech, Natalie said "the male nurse was considered an excellent caregiver." How did Natalie use sexist language in this instance?

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She perpetuated the stereotype that nurses are typically female.

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Metaphors, similes, and personification are all examples of

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Figures of Speech

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Carson told the audience, "Every morning at 5:00 am, my alarm clock springs to life and prods me like a drill sergeant." What technique does he use?

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Personification

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When a speaker leaves out a word or phrase that the audience expects to hear, it is called

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Omission

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Kent's speech included the following words: "We shall understand how much it takes to fight this disease. We shall find the funds to allow us to research this disease. We shall beat this disease." What was Kent using to create cadence in his speech?

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Parallelism

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Communication that takes place other than through written or spoken language is known as ________ communication.

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Nonverbal

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Kyle was surprised that his audience seemed bored and restless during his presentation. He had worked hard to make it as entertaining as possible with plenty of jokes and funny pictures on the projection screen. On which communication theory was Kyle basing his original belief?

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Emotional Contagion Theory

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Statements coming from the government that deal with sensitive and critical issuestypically use which carefully-scripted method of delivery?

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Manuscript

question

When Jonah arrived at the meeting, his boss asked Jonah to fill in for the main speaker who had called in sick. His boss knew that Jonah had also been involved in the project. What type of speaking will Jonah be doing?

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Impromptu

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Which method of delivery is recommended by most communication teachers for most speaking situations?

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Extemporaneous

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Which of the following students is using the manuscript delivery method?

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Serena read her speech from a prepared text.

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To help control his nerves, Jeremy clutched his left arm during his entire speech. This is an awkward gesture known as ________ and can be very distracting for the audience.

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Flesh Wound

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Thomas held up two fingers as he said, "This morning, we have two major points to discuss." What function does Thomas's gesture serve?

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Repeating

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Gia asked her audience, "How many of you have stood in line to pay the water bill?" and then extended her hands to indicate she wanted to see a show of hands. What function does her gesture serve?

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Regulating

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The degree of physical or psychological closeness between a speaker and his or her audience is known as

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Immediacy

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The ________ of your speech is determined by the amount of air you project through your larynx.

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Volume

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The text suggests that when speaking to high-context listeners, a speaker should use a ________ style.

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Less Dramatic

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The text suggests that speakers should finish drafting the speech outline

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At Least 2 Days Before The Speech

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Jack's speech teacher stressed the importance of rehearsing a speech ahead of time, and gave several tips to ensure success. Which of the following was NOT one of those suggestions?

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Delivery Must Not Reflect Personality

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After hearing the audience member's question, Tyler said "Obviously you have not heard a single word I said." What technique for responding to audience questions is Tyler failing to do?

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Listen Nonjudgementally

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At what point in the speech process should the introduction be created?

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After Writing The Rest of The Speech

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Nora ran quickly to the podium after she was introduced and drank a large glass of water before she began to speak. Her speech was on staying hydrated while exercising. Which important function did her introduction accomplish?

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Get The Audience's Attention

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The degree to which the speech content affects the listeners directly is known as

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Proximity

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According to the text, the most obvious purpose of an introduction is to

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Introduce The Subject

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Jason didn't believe anything the seminar speaker had to say because he had read an article about him in the newspaper last week, which showed he had a criminal record. Jason would say that the speaker is not

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Credible

question

The text lists three things a speaker can do to establish credibility in the introduction. Which of these is NOT one of those three things?

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Take Deep Breaths

question

Tonya wants to get her audience's attention quickly when she starts her demonstration. Which of the following will help her accomplish this?

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Mention a Startling Fact

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If a speaker incorporates an anecdote into his or her introduction, what do they do?

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Tell a Story

question

One way to create an effective introduction is to use a ________ statistic.

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Startling

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Which attention-getting method can be used to help the audience relax?

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Humor

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James started his demonstration by saying "Are we prepared to meet the challenges of tomorrow?" This is an example of a(n) ________ question.

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Rhetorical

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What two tips for delivering questions does the text supply?

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Pause and Make Eye Contact

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After Katrine learned that the new health care law had been passed, she incorporated this information into her introduction. What method is Katrine using to create her introduction?

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Reference to Recent Event

question

While Steven was waiting to give his speech, he was surprised to hear the speaker before him address the same topic he was going to talk about. What does the text suggest Steven do?

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Refer to the Preceding Speech in His Introduction

question

Harper told the audience how excited she was to be asked to speak for library's 50th anniversary. What method is Harper using to create an effective introduction?

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Referring to the Occasion

question

What are the two main suggestions the text lists to summarize a speech?

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Reemphasize and Restate

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An effective conclusion serves two purposes: summarize the speech and

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Provide Closure

question

According to the text, the phrase "in conclusion" can sometimes backfire on a speaker because

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It Can Cause Listeners to Tune Out

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The most obvious purpose of a conclusion is to

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Bring Closure

question

Which of the following speakers is using a nonverbal cue to signal the end of a speech?

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Kelly took a long pause and made eye contact with the audience before her closing remark, "Now, where will you be on election day?"

question

The speaker begins to speak more slowly as she walks to the front of the stage. She deliberately looks around the audience, pauses and then speaks in a softer tone. The speaker is trying to

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Signal Her Presentation's Conclusion

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When audience members feel that they are or could be personally involved or affected, they are more likely to

answer

Respond to the Speaker's Message.

question

Jake told his audience, "I need every single one of you to go home and write your state representative a letter about this issue." What type of closure do his words represent?

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Motivate Audience to Respond

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In a speech about non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Randy ended by revealing that he was successfully being treated for the disease. Randy's conclusion used the technique of

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Personal Reference

question

Michael reminded the audience, "When we started off today, I told you that 35% of the homeless population is considered mentally incompetent. I hope I have convinced you that our state needs programs to help these people." What technique is Michael using in his conclusion?

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Reference to Introduction

question

Many people in Tracy's audience rushed right out to the book store to buy her book because her weight loss speech had been so emotional that they wanted to read about her journey. This exemplifies the idea of which way to conclude a speech?

answer

Inspirational Appeal

question

According to the text, there are two other distinct ways to conclude a speech in addition to employing methods that can also be used for introductions. These two things focus on using an inspirational appeal and referencing the

answer

Introduction

question

When speakers conclude with an inspirational appeal, they are attempting to

answer

Inspire Listeners

question

Which aspect of a conclusion is most likely to employ pathos?

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Inspirational Appeal or Challenge

question

Which of the following aspects of preparing a group presentation is considered the central and most important step?

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Analyze the Audience

question

At the end of the presentation, Jackie acted as the moderator and summarized the points brought up by the five group members on the stage. Which type of presentation format was used in this situation?

answer

Symposium

question

In a ________ presentation, audience members direct questions and comments to a group, and group members respond with short, impromptu speeches.

answer

Forum

question

Myles has been asked to talk about what his association does and the special projects they are undertaking in the next six months. Myles will be giving a ________ speech.

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Public Relations

question

According to the text, it is especially important for a public relations speaker to anticipate

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Criticism

question

An epideictic speech is another name for a(n) ________ speech.

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Ceremonial

question

What are the two cardinal rules of an introductory speech?

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Be Brief; Be Accurate

question

What activity typically follows a toast?

answer

Guests Raise Their Glasses

question

Following her nomination to the school board, Jessica stood up and said a few words. What type of speech would she give in this situation?

answer

Acceptance Speech

question

Cam's speech will be given at the beginning of the conference to emphasize the importance of the day's events and to motivate the audience to work hard. Cam is giving a

answer

Keynote Speech

question

According to the text, a commencement address should praise the graduates and also focus on the

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Future

question

Which of the following is an example of a commemorative address?

answer

The mayor spoke in honor of the town's sesquicentennial celebration.

question

A(n) ________ relies on double meanings to create humor.

answer

Pun

question

Which of the following words can be used to accurately describe hyperbole?

answer

Exaggeration

question

Jake paused dramatically before delivering the punch line to his joke. What strategy is he using to make sure his humor is effective?

answer

Nonverbal Cue

Oral Communication — Chapters 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 – Flashcards

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