question

Leadership is best defined as ________. A) the ability to influence a group in goal achievement B) keeping order and consistency in the midst of change C) implementing the vision and strategy provided by management D) coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day problems E) not a relevant variable in modern organizations

answer

A

question

Which of the following roles focuses on bringing about order and consistency by drawing up formal plans? A) leadership B) management C) task structure D) initiating structure E) production orientation

answer

B

question

John Kotter's view argues that management focuses on coping with complexity, whereas leadership focuses on coping with ________. A) conflict B) success C) defeat D) morale E) change

answer

E

question

Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true? A) All leaders are managers. B) Formal rights enable managers to lead effectively. C) All managers are leaders. D) All leaders are hierarchically superior to followers. E) Non-sanctioned leadership is often as important as or more important than formal influence.

answer

E

question

Which of the following statements best characterizes the function of leadership within an organization? A) Leadership is more important than management. B) Vision is a common thread throughout the research on leadership. C) Management is more important than leadership. D) Leaders establish direction by developing a vision of the future; then they align people by communicating this vision and inspiring them to overcome hurdles. E) Leaderships and management are interchangeable terms.

answer

D

question

Evidence today suggests that traits can predict leadership. This is primarily due to the research surrounding A) the Big Five. B) American Presidents. C) behavioral theories. D) emotional intelligence. E) all of the above

answer

A

question

Which theory states that people are born with certain characteristics that predispose them to being leaders? A) Fiedler's perspective B) characteristic theory C) LPC D) contingency theory E) trait theory

answer

E

question

Which two common traits of leaders are part of the Big Five personality trait of extraversion? A) conscientiousness and agreeableness B) ambition and energy C) energy and openness to experience D) ambition and conscientiousness E) energy and emotional stability

answer

B

question

Your company's HR director is a believer in trait theories of leadership. He believes that he can differentiate leaders from non-leaders by focusing on personal qualities and characteristics. He asks for your expertise in helping him to apply trait theory to leadership selection within your company. You explain that research efforts at isolating leadership traits have A) identified six leadership traits that definitely predict leadership. B) been supportive of the Big Five leadership traits predicting leadership. C) shown that conscientiousness does not help much in predicting leadership. D) identified emotional stability as the most strongly related trait to leader emergence. E) been more focused on developing contingency theories and replacing trait theories.

answer

B

question

Your company's HR director is a believer in trait theories of leadership. He believes that he can differentiate leaders from non-leaders by focusing on personal qualities and characteristics. He asks for your expertise in helping him to apply trait theory to leadership selection within your company. When selecting individuals for leadership positions, trait theory suggests that which of the following is least helpful for identifying leaders? A) extraversion B) conscientiousness C) openness to experience D) agreeableness E) ambition

answer

D

question

The HR director plans to promote Lawrence, a highly extroverted manager with a great deal of assertiveness. The director believes that because of his innate characteristics, Lawrence will be highly effective at helping the company achieve its production goals. You advise the director against this decision because A) research has identified emotional stability as the strongest predictor of leadership effectiveness. B) studies have found that the Big Five traits are difficult to identify in leaders. C) studies have shown that highly assertive leaders were less effective than those who were moderately assertive. D) research has found that conscientiousness is a better predictor of effectiveness than extraversion. E) research has shown that effective managers are often unlikely to become effective leaders

answer

C

question

There is fairly strong evidence that traits can predict ________ more accurately than leadership effectiveness. A) leadership emergence B) extraversion in leaders C) leadership awareness D) leadership competence E) the conscientiousness of leaders

answer

A

question

Suddenly your boss begins sending people to training to help them develop more effective leadership characteristics. It is clear that he is reading an author who supports ________. A) trait theories B) behavioral theories C) Fiedler's contingency model D) the reflection effect E) the managerial grid

answer

B

question

You are the CEO of an engineering design firm that has several departments, each specializing in the design of different products. You have noticed a great deal of difference between the styles of the various department directors. You also see a big difference in the morale, employee satisfaction levels, and effectiveness (productivity) levels of the departments. One of your goals as CEO is to maximize productivity across all departments. As you look at the difference between the department directors, you notice that some are more charismatic and enthusiastic than others. In identifying this difference, you are looking at the directors' ________. A) behaviors B) traits C) values D) attitudes E) all of the above

answer

B

question

Which of the following statements is true concerning emotional intelligence and leadership? A) The research indicates a strong positive correlation between EI and leadership effectiveness. B) The research indicates a strong negative correlation between EI and leadership effectiveness. C) Researchers are not confident about the connection between EI and leadership. D) The link between EI and leadership effectiveness is the most investigated. E) There is no relationship between EI and leadership effectiveness.

answer

C

question

If behavioral leadership theories are correct, then ________. A) leadership behaviors are consistent B) leaders are born with leadership behaviors C) leaders' behavior should be altered D) leadership skills can be taught through training E) women generally make better leaders than men

answer

D

question

The two dimensions of leader behavior explained in the Ohio State studies are ________. A) coercion and motivation B) concern for people and concern for production C) employee-oriented and production-oriented D) initiating structure and consideration E) operant conditioning and classical conditioning

answer

D

question

According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leader's behavior is directed toward getting the job done is called ________. A) consideration B) maximization C) relationship-oriented D) path-goal E) initiating structure

answer

E

question

According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leader is likely to have job relationships characterized by mutual trust and respect for his/her employees is ________. A) consideration B) matrix C) consensus-building D) LPC E) maximization

answer

A

question

A leader high in initiating structure would do which of the following? A) Seek consensus. B) Exhibit laissez-faire type of leadership. C) Maximize leader-member relations. D) Assign group members to particular tasks. E) Empower employees to make their own decisions

answer

D

question

Trait research focused on ________, whereas behavioral studies focused on ________. A) underlying traits; observable behavior B) the task at hand; relationships C) observable behavior; specific leader activities D) observable behavior; underlying traits E) identifying certain traits in leaders; relationships leaders engaged in

answer

A

question

Your boss has been reading several books on leadership. You notice that every few months he is spouting a different approach and philosophy. You have been trying to keep up with him and figure out which "leadership theory of the month" he is studying. This month, he seems to be focusing on whether the managers are employee-oriented or production-oriented. You deduce that he has been reading ________. A) Hersey and Blanchard B) Vroom and Yetton C) Fiedler D) House E) the University of Michigan studies

answer

E

question

Some of the departmental directors spend more time training and helping their employees, while other spend more time on the technical issues that arise in the development process. According to the categories used in the University of Michigan studies, the directors can be described as ________. A) oriented toward initiating structure vs. oriented toward consideration B) employee-oriented vs. production-oriented C) training-oriented vs. development-oriented D) assistance-oriented vs. growth-oriented E) authority-type leaders vs. laissez-faire-type leaders

answer

B

question

Some of the departmental directors spend more time training and helping their employees, while other spend more time on the technical issues that arise in the development process. According to the categories used in the University of Michigan studies, the directors can be described as ________. A) oriented toward initiating structure vs. oriented toward consideration B) employee-oriented vs. production-oriented C) training-oriented vs. development-oriented D) assistance-oriented vs. growth-oriented E) authority-type leaders vs. laissez-faire-type leaders

answer

A

question

The two dimensions of leadership behavior identified in the University of Michigan studies are ________. A) coercion and motivation B) emotional and rational C) employee-oriented and production-oriented D) initiating structure and consideration E) initiation and completion

answer

C

question

The University of Michigan studies define a(n) ________ leader as one who takes personal interest in the needs of his/her subordinates. A) LMX B) contextual C) employee-oriented D) consensus-building E) consummate

answer

C

question

If a leader's main concern is accomplishing his/her group's tasks, the University of Michigan studies label this leader ________. A) consideration-oriented B) managerial C) ineffective D) high achieving E) production-oriented

answer

E

question

According to University of Michigan researchers, which type of leader is associated with higher group productivity and higher job satisfaction? A) situational B) employee-oriented C) production-oriented D) initiating structure-oriented E) heliocentric

answer

B

question

The graphic portrayal of a two-dimensional view of leadership style by Blake and Mouton is known as the ________. A) least preferred co-worker scale B) leader-participation model C) autocratic-democratic continuum D) managerial grid E) matrix of discretion

answer

D

question

Which of the following is not a behavioral theory of leadership? A) Ohio State studies B) Fiedler model C) University of Michigan studies D) Blake and Mouton's managerial grid E) none of the above

answer

B

question

Which of the following proposed a contingency theory? A) Fiedler B) Blake C) Weber D) Mouton E) Kelleher

answer

A

question

All contingency theories are based on the idea that effective leadership performance depends on ________. A) the proper match between the leader's style and the control the situation gives the leader B) selecting the right leadership style based on the level of the followers' readiness C) using a leadership style that is appropriate to the situational conditions D) making use of the best path for the goal that is identified E) the "right" traits

answer

C

question

Which of the following developed the LPC (least preferred co-worker) questionnaire? A) Ohio State University B) Fiedler C) House D) Blake and Mouton E) University of Michigan

answer

B

question

The first comprehensive contingency model for leadership was developed by ________. A) Hersey and Blanchard B) Blake and Mouton C) Fred Fiedler D) John Kotter E) Douglas Surber

answer

C

question

You have noticed that your boss is often asking you what types of peers you least like to work with. You suspect that he is trying to covertly determine your leadership style according to ________. A) the University of Michigan studies B) the Ohio State studies C) Fiedler D) trait theory E) LMX theory

answer

C

question

Which model represents the theory that effective leadership depends upon a proper match between a leader's style of interacting with subordinates and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader? A) Leader-Member Exchange Model B) Fiedler's Contingency Model C) Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Model D) Vroom and Yetton's Leader-Participation Model E) the Ohio State studies

answer

B

question

In Fiedler's model, if a respondent describes his or her least preferred co-worker in relatively positive terms, then the respondent is considered to be ________. A) relationship-oriented B) positive C) consensus-building D) consideration-focused E) unrealistic

answer

A

question

If a survey respondent sees his or her least preferred co-worker in unfavorable terms, Fiedler would categorize the respondent as ________. A) overly critical B) task-oriented C) emotionally deficient D) insightful E) laissez-faire

answer

B

question

Fiedler labels the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader as ________. A) leader-member relations B) relationship orientation C) positional power D) employee-orientation E) context

answer

A

question

Fran completes the LPC questionnaire and finds that she described her least-preferred co-worker in relatively positive terms. She is surprised by this finding because she recalls being particularly annoyed by this difficult co-worker. Based on your understanding of Fiedler's model, you explain to Fran that her LPC score makes sense within the model because: A) Fran tends to become very dominating when given ambiguous tasks. B) Fran is usually much more focused on productivity than on developing relationships. C) Fran tends in general to focus on building good relationships with the other employees at your company. D) Fran has a spotty work history and has tended to switch jobs every couple of years. E) Fran is usually chosen for positions of high responsibility within your organization.

answer

C

question

Fiedler's contingency model assumes that an individual's leadership style is ________. A) changeable B) contingent C) situational D) fixed E) intangible

answer

D

question

You have decided to use Fiedler's LPC questionnaire to help your employees learn more about their leadership styles. Each of your employees has filled out and scored the instrument. It is your job to try to explain to them how to use the survey information. According to Fiedler's approach, your employees should assume which of the following about the leadership styles determined through using the survey? A) Each person's style is essentially fixed. B) Each person can use the information to change his/her style to a more productive style. C) Task-oriented leaders will not perform as well as relationship-oriented leaders in situations that are very unfavorable. D) Task-oriented leaders will perform better than relationship-oriented leaders in moderately favorable situations. E) Each person's style will change in accordance with the situation at hand.

answer

A

question

Three situational criteria identified in the Fiedler model are ________. A) job requirements, position power, and leadership ability B) charisma, influence, and leader-member relations C) leader-member relations, task structure, and position power D) task structure, leadership ability, and group conflict E) emotional intelligence, group orientation, and employee status

answer

C

question

The degree to which job assignments are procedurized is classified in the Fiedler model as ________. A) leader-member relations B) task orientation C) task structure D) initiating structure E) productivity oriented

answer

C

question

The Fiedler model proposes A) changing the leader. B) changing the situation. C) matching leaders and situations. D) changing the employees. E) training the leader to match each situation.

answer

C

question

Fiedler's theory predicts that an individual who is considered task oriented will be most effective when the situation is ________. A) moderately to highly favorable B) moderately favorable C) moderately to highly unfavorable D) very favorable or very unfavorable E) highly favorable

answer

D

question

Based on the contingency theory, if the leadership style does not match the situation, you should ________. A) change the leader to fit the situation B) change the situation to fit the leader C) accept this circumstance as unchangeable D) either change the leader to fit the situation or change the situation to fit the leader. E) retrain the leader in a more appropriate style

answer

D

question

Which of the following is NOT a problem with Fiedler's LPC Scale? A) It's difficult to determine how good the leader-member relations are. B) It's difficult to determine how structured the task is. C) It's difficult to determine how much position power the leader has. D) The LPC Scales are not stable. E) The logic underlying the LPC Scale is too rigid.

answer

E

question

Which of the following theories argues that because of time pressures, leaders establish a special relationship with a small group of their subordinates? A) managerial grid B) leader-member exchange C) path-goal D) expectancy E) contingency

answer

B

question

According to LMX theory, which of the following is not true of those individuals who fall into the out-group? A) They receive a disproportionate amount of the leader's attention. B) They have leader-follower relations based on formal authority interaction. C) They are less trusted. D) They receive fewer of the preferred rewards that the leader controls. E) The members of the out group are treated differently than members of the in group

answer

A

question

According to LMX theory, a leader implicitly categorizes followers as "in" or "out" ________. A) after careful analysis B) on a temporary basis C) early in the interaction D) because of political pressure E) based on job requirements

answer

C

question

As you have observed your department manager and her interactions with the department's employees, you have come to believe in LMX theory. Sarah and Joe get less of the manager's time. Sally gets fewer of the preferred rewards that the manager controls and John has a relationship with the manager based on formal authority interactions. Rebecca is trusted. Jennifer gets a disproportionate amount of the manager's attention and is more likely to receive special privileges. According to LMX theory, the in-group is likely to be comprised of ________. A) Rebecca and Jennifer only B) Jennifer only C) Rebecca only D) John, Rebecca, and Jennifer only E) Sarah, Joe, Sally, and John only

answer

A

question

As you have observed your department manager and her interactions with the department's employees, you have come to believe in LMX theory. Sarah and Joe get less of the manager's time. Sally gets fewer of the preferred rewards that the manager controls and John has a relationship with the manager based on formal authority interactions. Rebecca is trusted. Jennifer gets a disproportionate amount of the manager's attention and is more likely to receive special privileges. According to LMX theory, which of the following employees is likely to be included in the out-group? A) Rebecca only B) Jennifer only C) Sarah and Jennifer only D) Sarah and Joe only E) Sarah, Joe, Sally, and John only

answer

C

question

As you have observed your department manager and her interactions with the department's employees, you have come to believe in LMX theory. Sarah and Joe get less of the manager's time. Sally gets fewer of the preferred rewards that the manager controls and John has a relationship with the manager based on formal authority interactions. Rebecca is trusted. Jennifer gets a disproportionate amount of the manager's attention and is more likely to receive special privileges. When you look at this department's performance evaluations, you expect to find that ________. A) Rebecca and Jennifer have high ratings. B) Rebecca, John, and Jennifer have high ratings. C) Rebecca and Jennifer have high ratings, John has moderate ratings, and the rest of the employees have low ratings. D) John has received more promotions than any of the other employees. E) Rebecca and John compete with each other for the highest ratings.

answer

A

question

As you have observed your department manager and her interactions with the department's employees, you have come to believe in LMX theory. Sarah and Joe get less of the manager's time. Sally gets fewer of the preferred rewards that the manager controls and John has a relationship with the manager based on formal authority interactions. Rebecca is trusted. Jennifer gets a disproportionate amount of the manager's attention and is more likely to receive special privileges. When you look at this department's performance evaluations, you expect to find that ________. A) Rebecca and Jennifer have high ratings. B) Rebecca, John, and Jennifer have high ratings. C) Rebecca and Jennifer have high ratings, John has moderate ratings, and the rest of the employees have low ratings. D) John has received more promotions than any of the other employees. E) Rebecca and John compete with each other for the highest ratings.

answer

B

question

According to LMX theory, followers with in-group status will have all of the following EXCEPT A) higher performance ratings than out-group members. B) lower turnover intentions. C) more characteristics in common with the leader. D) greater satisfaction with their supervisors. E) higher overall satisfaction than the out-group members

answer

C

question

Now your boss seems to be trying to analyze each leader according to which employees they interact with most and least, and which employees they rate highest and lowest. You suspect that he is reading about which of the following models? A) MBTI B) LMX C) LPC D) Fiedler E) Managerial Grid

answer

B

question

Leaders can influence how others see and understand events by A) framing. B) delegating. C) directing. D) using LMX theory. E) engaging in charismatic leadership.

answer

A

question

Who was the first scholar to discuss charismatic leadership? A) Max Weber B) Vroom C) House D) Fiedler E) Blake

answer

A

question

Which of the following is not true of charismatic leaders? A) They have a vision and the ability to articulate the vision. B) They have behavior that is unconventional. C) They are willing to take high personal risk. D) They exhibit behaviors that are consistent with their followers' behaviors. E) All of the above are true.

answer

D

question

The author of the text would be most likely to disagree with which of the following statements regarding charismatic leaders? A) Charismatic leaders routinely express confidence that followers can attain established goals. B) Charismatic leaders typically communicate high performance expectations of their followers. C) Charismatic leaders are known for conveying new sets of values to their followers. D) Charismatic leaders are better at describing positive behaviors than demonstrating those behaviors in practice. E) Charismatic leaders are skilled at articulating appealing visions for their organizations

answer

D

question

According to the text, a person can learn to become more charismatic by displaying all of the following characteristics EXCEPT A) maintaining an optimistic view. B) creating a bond that inspires others to follow. C) communicating information only with a select group of close advisors. D) bringing out the potential in followers by tapping into their emotions. E) using a captivating and engaging tone of voice.

answer

C

question

You are an employee in a large organization. In this organization, there are two senior managers. The first of these mangers, John, prides himself on his ability to help his subordinates understand their roles in achieving company goals. He defines clear-cut steps for his subordinates to use in completing projects, and rewards them for using proven strategies. The second manager, Alan, feels that his role should be to provide individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation. His approach encourages creative problem solving and the development of new ideas. Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained, but Alan's employees remark that Alan seems to have a special leadership quality that sets him apart from the other managers. That special leadership quality that people notice when they work with Alan may be termed ________. A) transformation B) trust C) charisma D) framing E) transaction

answer

C

question

You are an employee in a large organization. In this organization, there are two senior managers. The first of these mangers, John, prides himself on his ability to help his subordinates understand their roles in achieving company goals. He defines clear-cut steps for his subordinates to use in completing projects, and rewards them for using proven strategies. The second manager, Alan, feels that his role should be to provide individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation. His approach encourages creative problem solving and the development of new ideas. Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained, but Alan's employees remark that Alan seems to have a special leadership quality that sets him apart from the other managers. In his role as manager, Alan most likely exhibits all of the following characteristics EXCEPT ________. A) engaging in unconventional behavior B) making self-sacrifices C) acting in his own best interests D) setting an example for others to follow E) responsive to others' needs

answer

C

question

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of charismatic leaders? A) vision B) providing rewards C) sensitivity to follower needs D) exhibiting behaviors that are out of the ordinary E) willingness to take personal risks to achieve their vision

answer

B

question

Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech is an example of how A) followers "catch" the emotions their leader is conveying. B) repetition is effective. C) transactional leadership relies first on transformational leadership. D) charismatic leadership fails to incite followers. E) all of the above

answer

A

question

The dark side of charismatic leadership can be seen when A) the lines between their personal interests and their organization's interests become blurred. B) personal goals override the organization's goals. C) they are intolerant of criticism. D) they surround themselves with "yes people" who are rewarded for pleasing them. E) all of the above

answer

E

question

According to the text, transactional leadership is addressed by all of the following leadership theories EXCEPT ________. A) transformational leadership theory B) trait theory C) Fiedler's model D) the Ohio State studies E) the University of Michigan studies

answer

A

question

The type of leader who guides or motivates his or her followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements is known as a(n) ________ leader. A) transactional B) charismatic C) transformational D) transcendent E) actuarial

answer

A

question

The text implies that the type of leader likely to have the most profound effect on his or her followers is the ________ leader. A) educational B) transformational C) actuarial D) transcendent E) transactional

answer

B

question

The text suggests that transactional and transformational leadership should be viewed as ________. A) equivalent to charismatic leadership B) opposing approaches to accomplishing goals C) subcomponents of situational leadership D) the building blocks of charismatic leadership E) cumulative forms of leadership with transformational built on top of transactional leadership

answer

E

question

You are an employee in a large organization. In this organization, there are two senior managers. The first of these managers, John, prides himself on his ability to help his subordinates understand their roles in achieving company goals. He defines clear-cut steps for his subordinates to use in completing projects, and rewards them for using proven strategies. The second manager, Alan, feels that his role should be to provide individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation. His approach encourages creative problem solving and the development of new ideas. Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained, but Alan's employees remark that Alan seems to have a special leadership quality that sets him apart from the other managers. The passage implies which of the following about the effectiveness of the two managers' leadership styles? A) Alan and John are not effective leaders, because neither helps define the vision of the organization. B) Alan is a more effective leader than John, because he encourages creativity in his employees. C) Alan and John are equally effective as leaders, because both employ transformational leadership styles. D) John is a more effective leader than Alan, because he encourages his employees to use proven methods. E) John is more effective than Alan at inspiring employees, while Alan is more effective than John at achieving goals.

answer

B

question

You are an employee in a large organization. In this organization, there are two senior managers. The first of these mangers, John, prides himself on his ability to help his subordinates understand their roles in achieving company goals. He defines clear-cut steps for his subordinates to use in completing projects, and rewards them for using proven strategies. The second manager, Alan, feels that his role should be to provide individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation. His approach encourages creative problem solving and the development of new ideas. Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained, but Alan's employees remark that Alan seems to have a special leadership quality that sets him apart from the other managers. Based on the information given in the passage, Alan is most likely a(n) ________ leader. A) transactional B) emotion-based C) transformational D) transcendent E) reactional

answer

C

question

Evidence indicates that transactional leadership is more strongly correlated than transformational leadership with ________. A) higher employee satisfaction B) higher productivity C) higher employee turnover D) reduced operating costs E) none of the above

answer

E

question

Leaders who know who they are, know what they believe in and value, and act on those values and beliefs openly and candidly are known as A) ethical leaders. B) authentic leaders. C) transformational leaders. D) transactional leaders. E) charismatic leaders.

answer

B

question

As a leader, Joseph conveys values that are other-centered versus self-centered and models ethical conduct. He is demonstrating A) transformational leadership. B) socialized charismatic leadership. C) charismatic leadership. D) transactional leadership. E) dark charismatic leadership

answer

B

question

The ________ theory of leadership views leadership traits as ascribed to individuals based on followers' perceptions of them. A) fundamental B) attribution C) perception D) organizational E) contingency

answer

B

question

According to the attribution theory of leadership, the key to being characterized as an "effective leader" is projecting the ________ of being a leader rather than focusing on ________. A) appearance; actual accomplishments B) image; overcoming challenges C) facade; reality D) look; events E) attributes; substance

answer

A

question

________ make it impossible for leader behavior to make any difference to follower outcomes. A) Substitutes B) Neutralizers C) Higher-level leaders D) Deterrents E) Authentic leaders

answer

B

question

Organizational characteristics that can be substitutes for leadership include all of the following EXCEPT A) explicit formalized goals. B) rigid rules and procedures. C) cohesive work groups. D) mentor relationships. E) formalized goals.

answer

D

question

The VP of Human Resources of the Acme Company is interested in identifying individuals who will be effective leaders. Which of the following tools might she use in this search? A) Personality tests to identify extraversion B) Interviews C) reviews of situation-specific experience D) personality tests to identify conscientiousness E) all of the above

answer

E

question

Which company was called the "Leadership Factory" as a result of their reputation for developing leaders? A) Disney B) Southwest Airlines C) General Electric D) Goldman Sachs E) Yahoo!

answer

D

question

) According to the text, which of the following skills should be included in leadership training? A) vision implementation B) trust building C) situational analysis D) mentoring E) all of the above

answer

E

question

Based on the GLOBE student, which leadership characteristic might be the most effective in leading a team of Brazilian employees? A) low on consideration B) low LPC scores C) emphasis on participative decision-making D) dictatorial in nature E) task-oriented

answer

C

question

Which of the following statements reflects the findings of global research on leadership? A) Charismatic/transformational leadership generalizes across cultures. B) Participative leadership styles generalize across cultures. C) High LPC leadership styles generalize across cultures. D) High consideration styles generalize across cultures. E) Traditional leadership styles generalize across cultures.

answer

A

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