Nursing Medical Terminology Quiz #5 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
endocrinologist
answer
physicians who treat things such as hormone imbalance
question
acromegaly
answer
chronic condition developing in adults with excessive growth hormone; results in elongation and enlargement of bones of head and extremities
question
corticosteroids
answer
in addition to its normal function, these hormones secreted by adrenal cortex also have strong anti-inflammatory action; can be used to treat severe chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
question
diabetes insipidus (DI)
answer
condition caused by insufficient antidiuretic hormone secreted by posterior lobe of pituitary gland; symptoms include polyuria and polydipsia
question
diabetes mellitus (DM)
answer
chronic disorder of sugar metabolism; symptoms include hyperglycemia and glycosuria; two different forms of diabetes mellitus: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type 1, and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or type 2.
question
exophthalmos
answer
condition in which eyeballs protrude, such as in Graves disease; commonly caused by hypersecretion of thyroid hormones
question
fasting blood sugar (FBS)
answer
blood test to measure amount of sugar in bloodstream after a 12-hour fast
question
glucose tolerance test (GTT)
answer
test for initial diagnosis of diabetes mellitus; patient is given dose of glucose; then blood samples are taken at regular intervals to determine patient's ability to use glucose properly
question
goiter
answer
enlargement of the thyroid gland
question
tetany
answer
nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps resulting from hypocalcemia; hypoparathyroidism is one cause
question
thyrotoxicosis
answer
condition resulting from extreme hypersecretion of thyroid hormones; symptoms include rapid heart action, tremors, enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, and weight loss
question
ACTH
answer
adrenocorticotropic hormone
question
ADH
answer
antidiuretic hormone
question
IDDM
answer
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
question
K+
answer
potassium
question
Na+
answer
sodium
question
NIDDM
answer
noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
question
NPH
answer
neutral protamine Hagedorn (insulin)
question
ophthalmologist
answer
doctors who specialize in eyes
question
accommodation
answer
ability of eye to adjust to variations in distance
question
amblyopia
answer
loss of vision not due to any disease; not correctable with glasses; persons with this wear a patch over one eye to force affected eye to work; commonly called lazy eye
question
astigmatism
answer
uneven bending of light rays caused by irregular curvature of cornea; image is fuzzy; corrected with cylindrical lenses
question
cataract
answer
lens becomes cloudy or opaque; results in whole vision field becoming blurry; treatment is usually surgical removal of cataract and replacement of lens with artificial lens
question
corneal abrasion
answer
scraping away of outer layer of cornea
question
diabetic retinopathy
answer
development of small hemorrhages and edema in retina as result of diabetes mellitus; dark spots appear in visual field; laser surgery may be necessary for treatment
question
fluorescein
answer
bright green fluorescent dye dropped onto surface of eyeball to highlight corneal abrasions
question
glaucoma
answer
condition resulting from increase in intraocular pressure, which, if untreated, can result in atrophy of optic nerve and blindness; patient notices that vision becomes blurry around edges; treated with medication and surgery
question
hyperopia (farsightedness)
answer
visual condition in which person can see things in distance but has trouble reading material at close range; also known as farsightedness; corrected by convex lens
question
macular degeneration
answer
deterioration of macula lutea of retina; patient notices loss of vision in center of visual field
question
myopia
answer
visual condition in which person can see things close up but distance vision is blurred; also known as nearsightedness; corrected by concave lens
question
nyctalopia (night blindness)
answer
poor vision at night or in dim light; commonly called night blindness
question
nystagmus
answer
jerky-appearing involuntary eye movement
question
optician
answer
health care professional trained to make corrective lenses and fit eyeglasses and contact lenses
question
photophobia
answer
excessive sensitivity to light leading to avoidance; not actual fear of light
question
retinal detachment
answer
occurs when retina becomes separated from choroid layer; this separation seriously damages blood vessels and nerves, resulting in blindness
question
slit lamp microscope
answer
instrument used in ophthalmology for examining posterior surface of cornea
question
Snellen chart
answer
chart used for testing visual acuity; contains letters of varying sizes and is shown from distance of 20 feet; average person who can read at this distance is said to have 20/20 vision
question
strabismus
answer
weakness of external eye muscle; results in eyes looking in different directions at same time; can be corrected with glasses, eye exercises, and/or surgery; commonly called cross-eyed if eye is turned toward the nose
question
stye
answer
small purulent infection of sebaceous gland of eye; treated with hot compresses or surgical incision and drainage; also called hordeolum
question
visual acuity test (VA)
answer
measurement of sharpness of patient's vision; usually, Snellen chart is used for this test and patient identifies letters from distance of 20 feet; term 20/20 vision means person is able to see at 20 feet what a person with normal vision would expect to see at 20 feet; term such as 20/200 would indicate person's degree of myopia, that is, he or she must be 20 feet away from object to see it when a person with normal vision could see that object from 200 feet away
question
IOP
answer
intraocular pressure
question
LASIK
answer
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
question
OD
answer
doctor of optometry
question
PERRLA
answer
pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation
question
PRK
answer
photorefractive keratectomy
question
REM
answer
rapid eye movement
question
RK
answer
radial keratotomy
question
VA
answer
visual acuity
question
VF
answer
visual field
question
otorhinolaryngologists
answer
ENTS or ear, nose throat doctors who specialize in diagnosis and treating conditions affecting these organs
question
adenoid/o
answer
adenoids
question
audi/o
answer
hearing
question
audit/o
answer
hearing
question
aur/o
answer
ear
question
cochle/o
answer
cochlea
question
epiglott/o
answer
epiglottis
question
laryng/o
answer
larynx (voice box)
question
myring/o
answer
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
question
nas/o
answer
nose
question
-osmia
answer
smell
question
ot/o
answer
ear
question
pharyng/o
answer
pharynx (throat)
question
-phonia
answer
voice
question
rhin/o
answer
nose
question
croup
answer
acute respiratory condition common in infants and children; symptoms include barking cough
question
decongestant
answer
medication to reduce nasal and sinus stuffiness and congestion
question
endotracheal tube (ET)
answer
inserting tube through mouth and into trachea; creates open upper respiratory airway
question
acoustic neuroma
answer
benign tumor of auditory nerve sheath; symptoms include tinnitus, headache, vertigo, and progressive hearing loss
question
cochlear implant
answer
hearing device surgically placed under skin behind ear; converts sound signals into magnetic impulses to stimulate auditory nerve
question
epistaxis
answer
nosebleed
question
hearing aid
answer
device used by persons with impaired hearing to amplify sound; also called an amplification device
question
Meniere disease
answer
acute or chronic inner ear condition; can lead to a progressive hearing loss; symptoms include vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus
question
nasal cannula
answer
two-pronged plastic device for delivering oxygen directly into nose; one prong is inserted into each naris
question
otitis media
answer
bacterial or viral infection of middle ear; common in children; often preceded by upper respiratory infection during which pathogens move from pharynx to middle ear through auditory tube; commonly referred to as a middle ear infection
question
pertussis
answer
bacterial infection of upper respiratory tract; uncommon now due to diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT) vaccine; commonly called whooping cough due to "whoop" sound made when coughing
question
tinnitus
answer
ringing in the ears
question
vertigo
answer
sensation of spinning or whirling around; incorrectly used to mean dizziness
question
DPT
answer
diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
question
EENT
answer
eye, ear, nose, throat
question
ENT
answer
ear, nose, and throat; otorhinolaryngology
question
ET
answer
endotracheal
question
HEENT
answer
head, eye, ear, nose, throat
question
T&A
answer
tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
question
URI
answer
upper respiratory infection
