NSU Paraistology – part 2 – Flashcards
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| Ancylostoma dudenale and Necator americanus |
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| Human hookworm |
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| Ancylostoma dudenale and Necator americanus |
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| Adult worms live in small intestine, eggs out in feces, rhabditiform to filariform larvae. Filariform larvae penetrate skin, go to LUNGS, couched up then swallowed and develop into adults in small intestine. |
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| Ancylostoma dudenale and Necator americanus |
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| Cause focal minute hemorrhages due to larval entrapment. Also cause skin lesions. |
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| Ancylostoma dudenale and Necator americanus |
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| Partial protective immunity |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides |
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| Roundworm |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides |
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| Adults live in small intestine, eggs pass out of feces, then get ingested in food or water, larvae hatch in stomach penetrate small intestine mucosa. They travel to liver and lungs. Coughed up and swallowed from lungs then adult worms grow in intestines. |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides |
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| Toxic and allergenic metabolites account for neurological-like symptoms |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides |
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| Partial protective immunity |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides |
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| Loffler's syndrome, eosinophilia in lung tissue, is caused by.... |
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| Enterobius vermicularis |
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| Human pinworm that is a GROUP infection |
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| Enterobius vermicularis |
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| Adult females migrate out of colon at night and lay eggs on the perianal skin |
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| Enterobius vermicularis |
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| Appenditicitis and pelvic peritoneal granulomas develop due to ulceration and hemorrhaging of the mucosa. |
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| Enterobius vermicularis |
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| .... Can cause vulvovaginitis or uti in females |
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| Strongyloides stercoralis |
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| Non-arthropod nematode |
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| Strongyloides stercoralis |
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| Parthenogneic adult female worms that live in small intestine and produce LARVATED eggs containing rhabditiform larvae. |
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| Strongyloides stercoralis |
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| Trapped larvae cause inflammatory response in lungs. Larvae also cause serpingious, macular eruptions of the skin. |
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| Strongyloides stercoralis and enterobius vermicularis |
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| Caused by autoinfection |
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| Strongyloides stercoralis |
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| Hyperinfection occurs in immunosuppressed |
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| Strongyloides stercoralis |
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| Ivermectin is a treatment for.... |
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| Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus |
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| .... Cause Ancylostomiasis |
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| Ancylostoma braziliense and caninum |
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| Cat and dog hookworms |
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| Ancylostoma braziliense and caninum |
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| Filariform larvae accidentally infect us thinking we are a cat or dog. |
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| Ancylostoma braziliense and caninum |
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| Larvae wander though dermis creating serpingious tunnels. Never enter the bloodstream |
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| Ancylostoma braziliense and caninum |
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| ... Cause cutaneous larva migrans |
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| Trichinella spiralis |
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| Trichina worm |
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| Trichinella spiralis |
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| Domestic, wild, and marine mammals are reservoirs, intermediate and definitive hosts |
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| Trichinella spiralis |
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| Adult worms in small intestine insert their posterior ends into mucosa and release larvae directly into bloodstream. Larvae form CYSTS mainly in striated muscle |
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| Trichinella spiralis |
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| Humans are infected by eating undercooked, infected meat |
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| Trichinella spiralis |
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| .... Cause intensive muscle pain, bilateral peri orbital edema, myocarditis, and CHF within 1-2 weeks |
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| Trichinella spiralis |
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| ....cause myositis with pain and swelling of arm and leg, cachexia (wasting syndrome), respiratory paralysis after 2 weeks of infection |
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| Filariasis (Brugia Malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti) |
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| Arthropod-borne nematodes that are found in tropical areas of the world |
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| Filariasis (Brugia Malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti) |
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| Transmitted through mosquitoes as intermediate host, which ingest MICROFILARIAE with blood meal. |
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| Filariasis (Brugia Malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti) |
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| Years of exposure cause elephantiasis of the limbs and warty-like skin |
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| Filariasis (Brugia Malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti) |
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| Adult worms that slow the movement of lymph fluid by producing inflammation in lymphatic vessels |
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| Dirofilaria immitis |
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| Dog heartworm |
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| Dirofilaria immitis |
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| Human are accidentally infected by MICROFILARIAE by mosquito. |
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| Dirofilaria immitis |
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| Larvae no not fully develop into worms and stay within subcutaneous and lung tissue. |
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| Dirofilaria immitis |
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| Larvae cause coin-shaped lesions in skin or lungs. |
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| Dirofilaria immitis |
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| Surgical removal of larvae is treatment for... |
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| Loa loa |
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| Eye worm found in equatorial Africa |
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| Loa loa |
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| Live in subcutaneous tissues of eye and skin. |
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| Loa loa |
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| Deer flies are intermediate hosts and vectors. |
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| Loa loa |
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| Causes Calabar swelling, Edematous, painful, subcutaneous swelling. And crawling sensation in eye, interstitial keratitis, and blindness |
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| Loa loa |
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| Diethylcarbamazine is a treatment for... |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Found in equatorial Africa and south and central America |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Transmitted by female black flies. The fly ingests MICROFILARIAE, which develop into filariform larvae, which are injected into humans when the fly feeds their blood. |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Adult worms provoke a fibroblastic reaction in the subcutaneous tissue. MICROFILARIAE cause severe patholic effects in the eyes when they DIE. |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Sxs include intraepithelial granulomas, interstitial keratitis, or optic nerve damage. |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Mazzotti test is done to diagnose this parasite. The Mazzotti test uses diethylcarbamazine to produce a popular erythematous reaction in the affected skin along with conjunctival swelling |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Diethylcarbamazine is a treatment for... |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Humans and monkeys are reservoirs. |
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| Onchocerca volvulus |
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| Causes River blindness |
