NSG 6005 WEEK 4 – Flashcards

When treating a patient using the "step-down" approach, the patient with GERD is started on ____ first. A. antacids B. histamine 2 receptor antagonists C. prokinetics D. PPIs

In five- to eleven-year-old children, mild-persistent asthma is diagnosed when asthma symptoms occur: A. At nighttime one to two times a month B. At nighttime three to four times a month C. Less than twice a week D. Daily

Harold, a forty-two-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following asthma medications should he use cautiously, if at all? A. Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid B. Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist C. Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist D. Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier

A patient with a COPD exacerbation may require: A. Doubling of inhaled corticosteroid dose B. Systemic corticosteroid burst C. Continuous inhaled beta 2 agonists D. Leukotriene therapy

Monitoring a patient with persistent asthma includes: A. Monitoring how frequently the patient has a upper respiratory infection during treatment B. Monthly in-office spirometry testing C. Determining whether the patient has increased use of his or her long-acting beta 2 agonists due to exacerbations D. Evaluating the patient every one to six months to determine whether the patient needs to step up or down in his or her therapy

Josie is a five-year-old who presents to the clinic with a forty-eight-hour history of nausea, vomiting, and some diarrhea. She is unable to keep fluids down, and her weight is 4 pounds less than her last recorded weight. Besides intravenous (IV) fluids, her exam warrants the use of an antinausea medication. Which of the following would be the appropriate drug to order for Josie? A. Prochlorperazine (Compazine) B. Meclizine (Antivert) C. Promethazine (Phenergan) D. Ondansetron (Zofran)

Asthma exacerbations at home are managed by the patient by: A. Increasing the frequency of beta 2 agonists and contacting his or her provider B. Doubling inhaled corticosteroid dose C. Increasing the frequency of beta 2 agonists D. Starting montelukast (Singulair)

Kelly has diarrhea and is wondering if she can take loperamide (Imodium) for the diarrhea. Loperamide: A. Can be given to patients of all ages, including infants and children, for viral gastroenteritis B. Slows gastric motility and reduces fluid and electrolyte loss from diarrhea C. Is the treatment of choice for the diarrhea associated with E. coli 0157 D. May be used in pregnancy and by lactating women

Patients with pheochromocytoma should avoid which of the following classes of drugs due to the possibility of developing hypertensive crisis? A. Expectorants B. Beta 2 agonists C. Antitussives D. Antihistamines

Antacids treat GERD by: A. Decreasing lower esophageal tone B. Increasing gastric pH C. Inhibiting gastric acid secretion D. Increasing the serum calcium level

One goal of asthma management in children is: A. They should independently manage their asthma. B. They should participate in school and sports activities. C. There should be no exacerbations. D. The use of inhaled corticosteroids should be minimal.

Second-generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) are prescribed for seasonal allergies because they: A. Are more effective than first-generation antihistamines B. Are less sedating than first-generation antihistamines C. Are prescription products and, therefore, are covered by insurance D. Can be taken with CNS sedatives, such as alcohol

Christy has exercise and mild persistent asthma and is prescribed two puffs of albuterol fifteen minutes before exercise and as needed for wheezing. One puff per day of beclomethasone (Qvar) is also prescribed. Teaching regarding her inhalers includes which one of the following? A. She should use one to two puffs of albuterol per day to prevent an attack, with no more than eight puffs per day. B. Beclomethasone needs to be used every day to treat her asthma. C. She should report any systemic side effects she is experiencing, such as weight gain. D. She should use the albuterol MDI immediately after her corticosteroid MDI to facilitate bronchodilation.

When prescribing montelukast (Singulair) for asthma, patients or parents of patients should be instructed as follows: A. Montelukast twice a day is started when there is an asthma exacerbation. B. Patients may experience weight gain on montelukast. C. Aggression, anxiety, depression, and/or suicidal thoughts may occur when taking montelukast. D. Lethargy and hypersomnia may occur when taking montelukast.

Cough and cold medications that contain a sympathomimetic decongestant such as phenylephrine should be used cautiously in what population? A. Older adults B. Hypertensive patients C. Infants D. All of the above

A stepwise approach to the pharmacologic management of asthma: A. Begins with determining the severity of the asthma and assessing asthma control B. Is used when the asthma is severe and requires daily steroids C. Allows for each provider to determine his or her personal approach to the care of asthmatic patients D. Provides a framework for the management of severe asthmatics but is not as helpful when patients have intermittent asthma

Montelukast (Singulair) may be prescribed for: A. A six-year-old with exercise-induced asthma. B. A two-year-old with moderate persistent asthma. C. An eighteen-month-old with seasonal allergic rhinitis. D. None of the above; montelukast is not approved for use in children.

Patients with allergic rhinitis may benefit from a prescription of: A. Fluticasone (Flonase) B. Cetirizine (Zyrtec) C. OTC cromolyn nasal spray (Nasalcrom) D. Any of the above