North Royalton High School Band Midterm – Flashcards
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Accidentals
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Signs that indicate whether a note is flat, sharp, or neutral
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Arpeggio
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Notes of a chord played one after another in order
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Chord
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Two or more tones sounded at the same time
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Chromatic Scale
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scale consisting of twelve half steps (using all sharps and flats)
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Clef
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Sign at the beginning of a staff that determines the name of pitch of notes on the staff
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Coda
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The finishing section or passage of a musical composition
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Discord
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A combination of harsh or unpleasant sound
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Improvisation
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the creation and performance of music spontaneously
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Interval
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The musical distance between any two notes
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Key signature
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sharps and flats shown at the beginning of each staff
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Ledger lines
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short extra lines drawn above or below the staff on which notes are written
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Measure
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A group of beats or division of time marked off by bar lines
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Melody
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A succession of tones forming a musical design, consisting of motion and written
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Meter
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the pattern of beats in a composition
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Modulation
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A change of one key to another
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Octave
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Interval of eight notes in a natural (diatonic) scale
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Score
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Written form of a musical composition
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Halfstep
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One half a a whole tone
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Step
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Interval between two successive notes of a musical scale
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Syncopation
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Displacement of the natural accent in music
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Tempo
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Speed of musical composition
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Theme
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Musical idea in a composition
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Time Signature
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Figures given at the beginning of composition (or where time changes) to indicate meter
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Unison
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Two or more instruments sounding the same note
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Vibrato
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Slight wavering tone
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Accelerando
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Gradually increasing speed
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Adagio
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Very slow and expressive tempo
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Agitato
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Excitedly, agitatedly
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Allargando
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Slower and louder, in broader style
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Allegretto
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Moderately, quickly & cheerfully, but not as fast as allegro
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Allegro
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Fast and lively
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Andante
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Moderate
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Animato
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Animatedly, with spirit
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A poco
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Gradually
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A tempo
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Return to original tempo
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Crescendo
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Gradual increase in volume
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D.C.
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Repeat from beginning to end
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D.S.
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Return to mark and repeat passage
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Decrescendo
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Gradual decrease in volume
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Dolce
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Sweetly
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Fine
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End
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Largo
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Broad, very slow
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Legato
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Smoothly, without any interruptions between notes
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Leggiero
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Lightly, delicately
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Lento
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Slow
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Marcato
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Marked, with emphasis
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Moderato
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Moderate
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Presto
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Very fast
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Ritardando
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Gradually slowing down
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Sempre
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Always
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Subito
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Suddenly
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Tutti
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all; everyone resume playing
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Accent
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Emphasis on a note
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Sforzando
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With a sudden strong accent on a single note or chord, followed immediately by (only on piano)
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Cut time
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2/2 meter
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Bar lines
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lines on staff to mark off measures
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Dotted note
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increases value of note by half
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Double bar line
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Indicates end of section or movement
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Double flat
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Indicates note written is played two half steps down
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Double sharp
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Indicates note written is played two half steps up
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Fermata
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Note or rest must be held
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First and Second Endings
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Indicates to play notes under first, repeat passage, and finish by playing second
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Flat
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Indicates note is played half step down
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Forte
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Loud
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Fortissimo
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Very loud
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Mezzo forte
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Medium loud
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Natural
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Indicates note is neither sharp nor flat
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Pianissimo
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Very soft
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Piano
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Soft
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Repeat sign
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Indicates section should be repeated
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Sharp
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Indicates note is raised one half step
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Slur
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Tongue only first note
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Staccato
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Indicates note should be played short and separated
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Staff
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Five lines where notes are written to show pitch
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Tie
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Connects two notes of same pitch uniting them into one sound
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Trill
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Rapid alternation of two notes to produce warbling effect
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Triplet
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Group of three notes played in the time of two similar ones
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Metronome marking
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Indicates speed of music
