question

According to your text Myth and Knowing how does Carl Jung's view of myth and mythology differ from Sigmund Freud's?

answer

Both believed that mythological themes were imbedded in the psyche; however, Jung believed that this imbedded information is universal and not unique to the individual

question

William Doty's "toolkit" for studying mythology analyzes mythic texts from what point of view?

answer

All of the above

question

Which of the following statements is true from a mythological perspective?

answer

All of the above

question

According to your text Myth and Knowing what is the historical difference between a narrative that is told from a "mythos" perspective and a "logos" perspective? Choose the statement that best explains this difference.

answer

Mythos was once a sacred text but became synonymous with "falsity" whereas logos argued an accurate account of reality

question

According to your text Myth and Knowing which statement best summarizes Joseph Campbell's interest in mythology and what his hopes/aspirations were?

answer

He hoped individuals would cultivate a personal living mythology that would give one a sense of virtue and purpose

question

Which statement best explains the difference between comparative and anthropological approaches in mythology?

answer

Comparative approaches examine different cultures via texts whereas anthropological approaches emphasize fieldwork

question

Which statement best describes mythology's use of archetypes?

answer

We use archetypes to find reoccurring patterns in myths.

question

A myth is different from a fairy tale for the following reason:

answer

Fairy tales often use important archetypal characters and themes but usually do not contain as much cultural information as myths

question

Which of the following is an example of the kind of information one would research when performing a "second level" analysis about a specific myth and its culture of origin

answer

World View Beliefs

question

According to your text Myth and Knowing why should anyone study myths, that is, what does one gain by doing so?

answer

The skill to make meaning by examining different cultures and our own cultural attitudes, values, and behaviors.

question

This character shapeshifts at least two different times before leaving the tribe for good

answer

Water Jar Boy

question

This character is unaware of his hero's calling although he had a noble birth and demonstrated special powers while serving his foster-brother.

answer

King Arthur

question

This character sat on the riverbank of Styx for seven days where he was ignored--unfortunately, he failed his quest and is arguably an anti-hero afterward.

answer

Orpheus

question

This character ends his quest by returning permanently to a community of followers to teach them (and others) how to transform human suffering.

answer

Buddha

question

This hero became too powerful so she was betrayed by the Dauphin and then executed by the enemy.

answer

Joan of Arc

question

This character's entire family was bribed with goats

answer

Wanjiru

question

During this character's quest, he accidentally poisoned a friend who was a mentor and trainer of warriors

answer

Herakles

question

One of this hero's special powers was the ability to hunt with his grandfather.

answer

Water Jar Boy

question

This character facilitated a virgin birth in the guise of a great white elephant.

answer

Buddha

question

During his journey to find his father, this hero's mother grew sick and died.

answer

Water Jar Boy

question

Which of the following is the best example of how the hero myth stages mirror the shape of a human life in terms of personal transformation?

answer

Nothing of value is obtained without sacrifice; personal growth is often painful.

question

Which of the following best states philosophically what the hero's quest is about?

answer

The hero's quest if taken seriously helps one to find a more deeply satisfying life

question

Which of the following possible (not actual or mythical) character descriptions best describe an archetypal anti-hero?

answer

This character experiences a special calling or awakening—she responds by shoving a dresser in front of her bedroom door, refusing to leave her room or her town

question

How does the "retreat from society," if completed successfully, help an individual prepare for personal transformation? Choose the example that best demonstrates this principle

answer

When alone and tempted, the Buddha displayed the virtues of self analysis and discipline, which are necessary for enlightenment

question

Which of the following characters is an example of a "villain" who tries to keep the hero from completing the quest?

answer

Hera

question

According to the text World of Myth the hero's quest "is a search for full consciousness, individuation, and self-knowledge. In other words, we must lose ourselves in order to find ourselves." This means what exactly? Pick an example from the readings that best presents the meaning of this quote.

answer

Joan of Arc had to believe in herself and her vision for France in order to put on a suit of armor

question

How does the hero's "descent into hell" or "death experience," if completed successfully, help an individual return to society and share his/her treasure? Choose the example that most powerfully demonstrates this principle.

answer

Wanjiru's family sacrificed her; when a warrior found her, he confronted her family and restored her value; she found the power to forgive her tribe

question

Of the following statements about hero myths, which one is most likely to be true?

answer

Anyone can be a hero/heroine, if s/he continues to make difficult choices to face personal fears about self-discovery, self-mastery, and transformation

question

Which of the following is NOT a trait or characteristic of a classical hero?

answer

The classical hero has a clear sense of self and morality before he or she begins the quest

question

Orpheus is a good example of the Greek concept of moral luck. Moral luck is a warning that the human psyche is fragile: if too many traumatic events occur in quick succession, one's world is destroyed and therefore one's footing is completely lost. It is very hard to recover from this, and some don't make it (like Orpheus). Based on this statement, moral luck and the Greek worldview assumes which philosophical belief to be true?

answer

All of the above

question

This character prevented his wife Gaia from giving birth to his children.

answer

Ouranos

question

This character cut off his father's genitals and hated his own children

answer

Kronos

question

In an ancient Hebrew creation myth, Adam's second wife is created from man's rib and is deceived by a snake, who ijust happens to be Adam's first wife (clearly she has the ability to shape-shift). What is the name of his first wife? Confusing I know.

answer

Lilith

question

In this myth the world and everything in it was created by a male divinity in seven days ex nihilo.

answer

Genesis

question

This cosmic man regurgitates the cosmos in order to create it

answer

Bumba

question

This couple creates humanity through their lovemaking and singing

answer

Spiderwoman/Tawa

question

This goddess emerged from the sea, from semen and blood

answer

Aphrodite

question

In the Theogony this character is the primal creator

answer

Gaia

question

In the myth Out of the Blue this animal guide assists by searching the world for the falling woman's purpose

answer

Beaver

question

In the Hindu creation myth this cosmic man dismembers his body and creates from his own flesh.

answer

Purusa

question

Do you think that science has answered the fundamental questions of the origins of the universe? Can a scientific narrative sufficiently replace creation stories? From Myth and Knowing chapter two, what was the author's response to these questions?

answer

Science gives us literal information and mythology gives us literary; we need myths because they express what science cannot, that is our need for purpose and meaning

question

In the section "Modern Perceptions" from the on creation myths in Myth and Knowing is a discussion of a modern Western biases. What is one of these prejudices and/or biases?

answer

Some creation myths are better than others because these narratives are more rational, logical, and believable in comparison to more "primitive" myths.

question

Which of the following is a common creation theme, which is discussed in your study guide

answer

Relationship between beings

question

According to your text Myth and Knowing what is cosmogony?

answer

It is a narrative that tells the story about the birth of order, that is, physical, sociopolitical, cultural and spiritual order.

question

Which of the following is a kind of "type" of creation myth discussed in this unit in chapter 2, Myth and Knowing?

answer

Emergence

question

Which is the most accurate statement about Greek honor and power in Hesiod's Theogony?

answer

It is earned, and one should use his/her abilities to seize it

question

The creation account in Genesis has at least two different sources as well as two different names for God. Which of God's names means "gods" plural

answer

Elohim

question

What message to creation myths give us about the end of the world?

answer

We bring about the apocalypse through our own vices and antagonisms.

question

The Hopi creation myth states clearly many cultural beliefs for this tribe. Name one.

answer

The family name descends through the woman.

question

According to the myth Out of the Blue, the central character, a cosmic woman creator, is a young woman who falls from the sky. This is a statement about Iroquoian values. Which statement exemplifies these values?

answer

Receiving a vision and help from the animal spirit realm is vital to any endeavor

question

Some rabbinical sources say that Adam had two wives; name his first wife

answer

Lilith

question

In this myth, a beheaded goddess must learn that humanity has a great capacity for self-destruction.

answer

Kali

question

This woman was created to be perfect and the "giver of all" until she is used unknowingly by Zeus in a revenge plot

answer

Pandora

question

This goddess lost her daughter, and when she mourned this loss all vegetation stopped growing

answer

Demeter

question

This ancient Sumerian fertility goddess wanted to marry a farmer but married a shepherd instead.

answer

Inanna

question

This goddess is described as whirlwind, fire, darkness, lightning and flood, and she opposes the wicked

answer

Oya

question

The scholar Marija Gimbutas explains the role of the female divine as in terms of the "triple goddess"; what does this mean?

answer

Goddess behavior can be understood as one who fosters life, receives our spirits in death, and/or excites with eroticism.

question

What is one common theme or motif for goddesses of regeneration myth

answer

The goddess gives good things through her sexuality, and men are valued as lovers and partners.

question

In Myth and Knowing which of the following myths embodies a worldview "characterized by absurdity and conflict" with no "Divine Overseer" yet finds a way to fully embrace life.

answer

White buffalo Calf woman

question

Which of the following statements accurately represents the Hindu worldview within the myth of Kali?

answer

All of the above

question

In the myth White Buffalo Calf Woman, the female divine teaches the Lakota the importance of certain rituals like sharing the sacred pipe. What is the supreme importance of ritual in this myth?

answer

To help the Lakota people build a tribal and personal identity amidst harsh living

question

Which goddess is an example of a death goddess with the powers of wisdom, resurrection, and fearlessness?

answer

Isis

question

According to Myth and Knowing, based on the work of Gimbutas and the artifacts she studied, what is our earliest account of a goddess culture?

answer

30,000 BCE

question

Approximately when did goddesses begin their transformation from all-powerful nurturing deities, like Inanna Queen of Heaven, to subordinate beings in male-dominated pantheons; in other words, when did we begin to shift toward patriarchy and why?

answer

3500 - 1000 BCE due to the invasion of Indo-Europeans

question

Religious scholars agree that the goddess is reemerging within traditionally patriarchal societies and religions. In what real way is this happening today?

answer

Mary, as Guadalupe, and as Mother of God, grows in power and popularity

question

Name the Hebrew male god archetype of Genesis that means god plural.

answer

Elohim

question

This particular figure revealed himself in a conversation with the warrior Arjuna and is best described as an avatar representing the male divine

answer

Krishna

question

Which character is an example of a "savior" from Myth and Knowing chapter four?

answer

Hiawatha

question

Which characters are deceived by a coyote trickster in your readings?

answer

Crows

question

This character is an example of someone who fulfills the duties of a shaman for his people.

answer

Tewa young man

question

This character is an example from the reading of a villainous trickster, the kind that destroys because he can.

answer

Loki

question

According to chapter four "The Male Divine" in your text Myth and Knowing, which of the following is not a male divinity role?

answer

Intimate/lover

question

In terms of dominant religious archetypes, how does a male divinity differ from a female divinity?

answer

Gods tend to be understood by their authoritarian and transcendental roles and not by their reproduction powers.

question

The male divine for the past three thousand years in various traditions has played several different roles, and these roles are discussed in chapter four of Myth and Knowing. There is at least one over-arching way that the male divine, when playing the role of an ultimate reality, differs from the female divine; what is it?

answer

He is omnipotent and therefore has a different perhaps distant relationship with humanity

question

In the Hindu worldview, what is true about the self, especially according to the Bhagavad Gita about Arjuna and Krishna from your readings in Myth and Knowing, chapter four?

answer

The Self is capable of great discipline and this is the key to understanding its infinite, enduring, and peaceful nature.

question

In Myth and Knowing chapter five, which of the following does NOT describe the role of the trickster?

answer

The shaman healer

question

According to your readings thus far in this class, which of these characters is a trickster?

answer

Iktome

question

Chapter four of Myth and Knowing discusses shamanism throughout the chapter because for many cultures throughout history and today this is a valid understanding of the male divine. Exactly what is a shaman?

answer

A spiritual warrior who travels between different upper and lower worlds to find help for his/her people

question

Unit 5 study guide asks you to compare two ultimate realities/deities in the Bhagavad Gita and in the Hebrew story of Job. Which statement accurately captures this comparison?

answer

These two deities are fierce and strike terror in the hearts of human, yet desire to help humanity.

question

In Myth and Knowing chapter five, who saves Thor after his fight against Hrungnir the giant?

answer

Magni

question

This particular character was mummified and resurrected through his wife's persistent actions.

answer

Osiris

question

For this specific culture, in Sheol there is quite possibly no consciousness.

answer

Jewish

question

This culture's view of the afterlife is irreversible—you go either to heaven or hell, and Jesus Christ's teachings determine your fate.

answer

christian

question

This archetypal character is common in myths about the afterlife—he is usually male, murdered and resurrected in order to help others find resurrection.

answer

Dying God

question

In this culture, when you die you are either a kachina or a two-heart.

answer

Hopi

question

For this particular culture, hell is a vague place underground through which the river Styx traverses and humans wander aimlessly in despair.

answer

Greco-Roman

question

This culture's view of afterlife involves a kind of early paradise with a good life: good things to eat and drink, good wives and husbands for the righteous followers of Allah.

answer

Islam

question

If you want to receive enlightenment and redemption, in this culture you must make a vow to Amida.

answer

Pure land Buddhism

question

Which cultural view of the afterlife below has a form of ancestor worship in which the tribe interacts with the deceased during the growing season?

answer

Hopi

question

From what cultural view of the afterlife does the following quote come? "Whatever task lies to your hand, do it with all your might; because in Sheol, for which you are bound, there is neither doing nor thinking, neither understanding nor wisdom."

answer

Jewish

question

Which cultural view of the afterlife discusses the interaction between the living and the dead, and the use of ritual dance, kachina masks and artifacts?

answer

Hopi

question

What is one similarity that is shared by the two "dying gods" Osiris and Jesus?

answer

Both spend time with death in another dimension

question

What does Deloria mean by "human agency" in terms of determining whether a site is sacred to a particular culture?

answer

A place is sacred because important historical events happened there.

question

What is one possible meaning function of the myth "The Zuni and the Grand Canyon" for the particular culture that created it?

answer

The Zuni believe that their emergence into this world is part of the divine plan of the Father Sun for the Zuni to live in harmony with humans and nonhumans

question

What is one possible meaning function of the myth "Bighorn Medicine Wheel" for the particular culture that created it?

answer

It is a place where a member of the tribe goes to have a vision quest

question

Which of the following is an example of a sacred place in the United States?

answer

Gettysburg

question

Why are myths about place considered a bridge between ancient times and the present?

answer

They provide the chance to see and feel the meaning of these myths in our contemporary reality.

question

What is one primary function of a sacred place according to chapter 6 from Myth and Knowing?

answer

To embody and provide a location that dramatizes complex notions about nationhood and individual identity.

question

In both the Zuni emergence myth and the explanation of the Big Horn Medicine Wheel from chapter 6, Myth and Knowing, a similar statement is made about the human species. What is it?

answer

We are well-loved, incomplete, and have the power to obtain understanding, to become whole

question

According to Gulliford's nine categories of sacred place in chapter 6, Myth and Knowing, and according to your study guide for this unit, which of the following is a sacred place in Michigan

answer

Mackinac Island

Mythology Final Exam – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards