question

The spread of christianity resulted in the spread of ?

answer

Learning

question

All the medieval arts were concentrated in the ?

answer

Cathedral

question

Music designed to use in the Roman Catholic church during service is known as?

answer

Liturgical Music

question

What two musical innovations characterized the later medieval period

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Polyphony and secular music

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Polyphony gave rise to which main feature of western music?

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Harmony

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The vocal music for church services in the early medieval is known as?

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Plain Chant

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What is the texture of early plain chant

answer

Monophonic

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Melismatic

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A large number of notes are sung on a single syllable

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The most important element of variety in plainchant is given to it by the systematic melodic

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Mode

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The text setting that uses one note for every syllable is called?

answer

Syllabic

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Small number of notes per syllable

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Neumatic

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Why might the earliest music of the Middle Ages have been passed from generation to generation largely by ear?

answer

The printing press had not been invented

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What is one reason Paris was the center of polyphonic composition during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries?

answer

The great medieval Cathedral of Notre Dame is located there

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What were the names of the two primary composers of the Notre Dame school in Paris during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries?

answer

Leoninus and Perotinus

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The book containing a collection of elaborate polyphonic compositions by Leoninus and Perotinus is called

answer

the Magnus Liber Organi

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The term caccia describes

answer

a fourteenth-century Italian song in which the text is often about hunting, and the music consists of voices signing the same thing but beginning at different times

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Cadence

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a musical resting point-ending of a phrase

question

Cappella

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A cappella styles range from gospel music to contemporary to barbershop quartets and choruses.

question

Renaissance means

answer

Rebirth

question

During the Renaissance, one of the three notable changes from the climate of the middle ages was that?

answer

People began to show more interest in the real world rather than spiritually

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Who was the perfect example of the true Renaissance man

answer

Leonardo da Vinci

question

During the sixteenth century, what greatly increased the amount of available music?

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Music printing

question

How did musicians make a living during the Renaissance?

answer

Many individual musicians found jobs at aristocratic courts, and many towns supported musicians as public employees

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How did the role of women musicians change during the Renaissance?

answer

Some women began to perform as musicians, and some of them were highly paid and became internationally known.

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Madrigal

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Secular, vocal piece of music, polyphonic by using text painting by using music to reflect what the text was saying

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What distinguishes Renaissance music from late medieval music?

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The overall sound of Renaissance music much smoother and more homogeneous, with less contrast

question

The new musical style of the Renaissance that replaced the highly contrasting and independent lines of late medieval polyphony was based on

answer

Imitation

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In free imitation

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each entering voice sings only the first few notes of a melodic phrase; the voices then continue freely

question

What types of compositions did Dunstable and DuFay write?

answer

polyphonic masses, motets, and secular songs

question

The sections of the Ordinary of the Mass include the

answer

Kyle, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei

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John Dunstable of England wrote secular songs in which languages?

answer

French and Italian

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How did composers during the early and Mid-Renaissance link the five different sections of the Ordinary so they would all sound related?

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One common solution was to use a single melody- drawn from a piece of plainchant or even popular song of the day- woven into all the movements

question

Which of the following most accurately portrays Josquin's level of professional success during his lifetime?

answer

He was quite famous and in demand as a composer

question

Characteristics of Josquins special musical style includes?

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point of imitation, overlapping cadences, and paired imitation

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In terms of music, "point of imitation" refers to

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A musical passage presenting a single tiny musical phrase that the other voices copy

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How would listeners in Josquin's time know that his Pange Lingua Mass was based on the plainchant hymn Pange Lingue Gloriosi

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Strands of the yen's melody woven into the polyphony called the original hymn to mind

question

During the sixteenth century, composers began to use more?

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Homophony

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In the late Renaissance, composers began to think that final chords should present the fullest sound possible. How did they achieve this?

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The final chord should include the third, as well as the root

question

During the renaissance, who financed the music?

answer

Patrons

question

Where was the main center of musical activity during the sixteenth century?

answer

Italy

question

The development of music during the Renaissance is marked by

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an increased focus on expressing the text

question

What composer represented most clearly in his music the ideals of the Counter-Reformation of the late Renaisance

answer

Giovanni Perilugi da Palestrina

question

Music of the late Renaissance, as represented by the compositional style of Palestrina, frequently involved the alternation of texture types? What two types

answer

Imitative counterpoint and chordal homophony

question

How many voice parts does a Renaissance motet usually have?

answer

Four

question

What influential secular song developed in Italy

answer

Madrigal

question

The technique of depicting of the meaning of the text by musical means is called

answer

word-painting

question

Though it began as an Italian genre, the madrigal held great interest in England toward the end of the sixteenth century. Who was the guiding force for the development of the English madrigal?

answer

Thomas Morley

question

What technological innovation was the most important invention of the Renaissance? It had an effect on education, the spread of scientific knowledge, and the growth of internationalism.

answer

printing press

question

Several new branches of Christianity were founded during the Renaissance. What was the name given to the movement started by Martin Luther in 1517

answer

The Reformation

question

What most accurately reflects the role of music in Renaissance society?

answer

People were not considered socially accomplished if they did not have at least some musical training.

question

Though not yet equal in importance to vocal music, instrumental music became more and more popular during the Renaissance. What is the largest category of Renaissance instrumental music?

answer

Dance music

question

The Baroque era was a period of absolute monarch. Which raised the power of the king to unparalleled heights?

answer

Louis XIV

question

During the 17th and 18th centuries, a radical change took place in philosophical and scientific thinking. Who was the foremost scientist of the age?

answer

Isaac Newton

question

How did the baroque music mimic baroque art?

answer

They created contrast and illusion through the use of dynamics and contrasting performing groups

question

Contrast can be heard in a concerto?

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Between the entire orchestra and a small group of instruments or a single instrument

question

Why was the Baroque era an important period of transition in terms of audiences?

answer

A wider concert-going public emerged

question

In terms of years how is the history of Baroque music divided?

answer

1600-1700, 1700-1750

question

What musical style, developed in the early 1600's, displayed the best of all contemporary arts?

answer

Opera

question

Cantata?

answer

A very short unstated opera

question

In a concerto, drama and contrast are created as solo and ripen carry on an instrumental what?

answer

Dialogue

question

Without the basso continuo, Baroque music would

answer

Have a less powerful bass line

question

Baroque composer favored which new song style

answer

Monody

question

What striking style did monteverdi use to capture and reflect the feelings of the human soul

answer

Recitative

question

In a baroque opera, what is the difference between a recitative and an aria

answer

A recitative is conversational and aria is lyrical

question

What did followers of the second prattica believe

answer

They believed that in passages with very expressive text, the compositional rules could be broken to make the music more intense

question

How did the composer of a Baroque trio sonata create a strong bass line, or basso continuo?

answer

By using a harpsichord to double the bass line played by a low-stringed instrument

question

Opera based on some story from ancient history and involved dramatic situations, two pairs of lovers, and a prince or a king who resolves the situation in the end is known as?

answer

Opera Seria

question

Between appearances of the ritornello in Baroque concerto, the solo instrument plays passages of contrasting material, which are known as?

answer

Episodes

question

Why might a fugue be called "strict"?

answer

It is a carefully worked out polyphonic composition that uses a theme that occurs in all the voices

question

Bach's two passions are based on

answer

The gospels of St. John and St. Matthew

question

To save time, Bach sometimes reworked existing compositions-both his own and those of other composers-into new pieces. These have become known as?

answer

Borrowings

question

Why is Lully's work at the court of Versailles significant?

answer

Lully's music became the basis of a new French Style

question

The music of composer Arcangelo Corelli is well suited to a violin

answer

Virtuoso

question

What musical elements did Baroque composers most commonly use to create "contrast and illusion" in their compositions

answer

Dynamics and varied performing groups

question

Why might fixed musical forms such as operas and concertos have become popular during the Baroque period?

answer

Because of the Baroque fascination with structure and organization

question

What characteristic does all Baroque music share?

answer

A basso continuo

question

melismatic

answer

There are many pitches for the syllable of text

question

Crescendo

answer

Gradual increase in the volume of the music

question

Recitative

answer

music for the solo voice and simple accompaniment, designed to reflect the irregularity

question

Basso continuo

answer

Single instrument or small group of instruments, usually including a harpsichord, playing the bass line in Baroque music.

question

monophonic

answer

A texture that involves melody with no accompaniment.

question

phrase

answer

A mall pause at the end of each section of a melody. Piano

question

troubadour

answer

Poet-musician of medieval southern France. Type of composer

question

Texture

answer

Describes the way in which different musical sounds are combined. EX: Monophonic, Polyphonic, Song Texture, Homophonic

question

Form

answer

The organization of a work of art, literature, or music. Ex: Ternary ABA, Binary AB

question

monody

answer

Type of early Baroque music for solo voice and basso continuo with vocal line imitating the rhythms of speech.

question

Neumatic

answer

Small number of pitches per syllable of text

question

Syllabic

answer

One pitch per syllable of text

question

Text-painting

answer

The technique of depicting the meaning of words through music.

question

Opera

answer

A staged musical work involving a narrative, singing characters, and instruments.

question

Liturgical

answer

Music for a religious ceremony.

question

Time Signature

answer

Two numbers one on top of the other, The upper number tells the number of beats in the measure, the lower note the value of each beat.

question

Da capo Aria

answer

Lyrical section of opera for solo singer and orchestra, usually in ABA form.

question

Solo Sonata

answer

Sonata that includes one instrument and basso continuo.

question

Renaissance

answer

The period in European music from about 1400 to 1600.

question

Concerto

answer

Instrumental work, usually in three movements, highlighting contrast. Baroque concertos were usually written in the pattern fast-slow-fast, featuring ritornello form.

question

Composers in Middle Ages

answer

Guiilame de Machaut(secular composer, worked in courts of prominent aristocracy), Hildegard Von Bingen (Plainchant, liturgical work, had authority from the pope), Pope Gregory I( "Gregorian Chant" or plainchant)

question

Composers in Renaissance

answer

John Dunstable(Early, many people imitated him), Guillame Dufay( Used triadic harmonies, uses fauxbourdon technique), Joaquin Deprez (ars perfecta, people would plagiarized music), Giovanni pierluigi da Palestrina(saved catholic music, "savior of polyphony") , Claude Monteverdi (Monteverdi's work, often regarded as revolutionary, marked the change from the Renaissance style of music to that of the Baroque period.)

question

Composers in Baroque

answer

Henry Purcell, Antonio Vivaldi, Jean Baptiste Lully, George Frederich Handel, J.S. Bach, Arcangelo Corelli

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