question

The largest portion of the brain, divided into right and left hemispheres, is called the:

answer

cerebrum; The cerebrum is the largest portion of the brain. The surface of the cerebrum has many folds and grooves, the deepest of which divides it into right and left halves, or hemispheres. The cerebral hemispheres remain connected by a band of nerves.

question

The portion of the brain that connects with the spinal cord is called the:

answer

brainstem; The brainstem connects with the spinal cord. The brainstem is composed of three structures: the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the midbrain. The medulla oblongata, the lowest part of the brainstem, is really an upward extension of the spinal cord. The pons, a term that literally means bridge, lies between the medulla and the midbrain. The brainstem structures serve as two-way conduction paths and contain many important reflex centers.

question

The ventricles are:

answer

spaces within the brain that contain a fluid; Ventricles are spaces with the brain that contain a fluid called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF flows through the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord.

question

The three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord are called:

answer

meninges; The three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord are called meninges. The layers are the pia mater, the dura mater, and the arachnoid. The dura mater is the thick outermost layer; the arachnoid is a loosely attached web-like covering; the pia mater is the delicate, inner layer that has a rich supply of blood vessels that nourish the nervous tissue.

question

The cord-like structures made up of fibers that carry impulses from one part of the body to another are called:

answer

nerves; Nerves carry impulses from one part of the body to another. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

question

The combining form meaning spinal cord is:

answer

myel/o; Myel/o is the combining form meaning spinal cord. (It can also mean bone marrow.)

question

The combining form meaning brain is:

answer

encephal/o; Encephal/o is the combining form meaning brain.

question

The combining form meaning nerve root is:

answer

rhiz/o; Rhiz/o, radic/o, and radicul/o all mean nerve root.

question

Spinal nerves carry impulses between:

answer

he spinal cord and the abdomen, limbs, and chest; Spinal nerves carry impulses between the spinal cord and the abdomen, limbs, and chest. Cranial nerves carry impulses between the brain and the neck and head.

question

The meaning of the medical term neurologist is:

answer

a physician who studies and treats diseases of the nerves (nervous system); A neurologist is a physician who specializes (-logist) in the diseases and treatments related to the nervous system.

question

_____ neurons conduct impulses away from the brain and spinal cord toward the muscles and glands.

answer

Efferent; Efferent means away from the center. Efferent, or motor, nerve cells carry information away from the central nervous system, toward the muscles and glands. Afferent, or sensory, neurons send impulses to the brain and spinal cord from special receptors in all parts of the body.

question

The combining form for the layers of membranes that protect the brain is:

answer

mening/o; The layers of membranes that protect the spine and brain are the meninges (menig/o). There are three layers: the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater.

question

The three parts of the brainstem are the:

answer

medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain; The medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain are the three parts of the brainstem. The cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem are the three parts of the brain. The dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater are the three layers of membranes that protect the brain and spine.

question

The largest part of the brain, responsible for controlling skeletal muscles, interpreting the senses, and managing intellect, memory and emotional reactions is the:

answer

cerebrum; The cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem are the three parts of the brain. It is the cerebrum that is responsible for controlling skeletal muscles and interpreting the senses, as well as managing intellect, memory, and emotional reactions.

question

Group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system:

answer

ganglion; Ganglia (sing., ganglion) are groups of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system. Glia, also called neuroglia, are connective, supportive tissue cells within the nervous system that do not carry impulses. Each neuron consists of a cell body, a number of branching projections (each projection is called a dendrite), and one long thread-like extension, the axon.

question

CNS abbreviates the medical term meaning:

answer

system including the brain and spinal cord; The central nervous system (CNS) is the body system that includes the brain and the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is made up of the cranial and spinal nerves. The clear, colorless fluid contained in the ventricles is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

question

Specialized cells within the nervous system that support and nourish nervous tissue but do not conduct impulses are called:

answer

glia; Glia, or neuroglia, are specialized cells found within the nervous system that support and nourish nervous tissue. Some assist in cerebrospinal fluid secretion, and others help with phagocytosis. However, glia do not carry impulses.

question

Which part of the brain assists in skeletal muscle coordination and balance?

answer

cerebellum; The cerebellum, sometimes called the hindbrain because of its location under the posterior portion of the cerebrum, assists in skeletal muscle coordination and balance.

question

The suffix meaning specialist, physician is:

answer

-iatrist; The suffix -iatrist means specialist, physician, as in the term psychiatrist. The suffix -logist also means specialist, but not specifically a physician. A psychologist is not a medical doctor.

question

The word part that completes the medical term meaning excessive sensitivity (to stimuli), hyper/___________/a, is:

answer

esthesi; The medical term that describes an excessive (hyper-) sensitivity (-esthesia) to stimuli is hyperesthesia. Hyperesthesia is an abnormal condition of increased sensitivity, particularly a painful reaction to normally painless touch stimuli. The word parts esthesi/o and -esthesia mean sensory perceptions or sensations.

question

The word part that completes the medical term meaning inflammation of the nerve root, meninges, and spinal cord, ______/o/mening/o/myel/itis, is:

answer

rhiz; To complete the term meaning inflammation (-itis) of the nerve root, meninges (mening/o), and spinal cord (myel/o), you need to supply the word root for nerve root, which is rhiz/. Radicul/ and radic/ are also word roots for nerve root.

question

The word part that completes the medical term meaning paralysis of four (limbs), __________/plegia, is:

answer

quadri; Paralysis (-plegia) of four (quadri-) limbs is called quadriplegia. Hemiplegia is paralysis of one side of the body. Hemiparesis and monoparesis refer to slight paralysis (-paresis) affecting half of the body and one limb, respectively.

question

The word part that completes the medical term meaning inflammation of the meninges, ___________/itis, is:

answer

mening; To complete the term that means inflammation of the meninges, you need to recall the word root mening/. Meningitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by infection (bacterial, viral, or fungal) and can range in severity from mild to fatal.

question

In the medical term intracerebral, the word root means:

answer

cerebrum, brain; To give the meaning of the word root in the term intracerebral, you first must find the word root (intra- + cerebr/o + al) and then recall that cerebr/ means cerebrum, brain. Intracerebral means pertaining to within the cerebrum. You may have heard this term as part of another term, intracerebral hemorrhage, which describes the profuse flow (-rrhage) of blood (hem/o) within (intra-) the brain from a ruptured cerebral (cerebr/o) blood vessel.

question

In the medical term psychogenic, the word root means:

answer

mind; The word root in the term psychogenic is psych/, which means mind. Psychogenic describes an illness that originates in the mind.

question

In the medical term gangliitis, the word root means:

answer

ganglion; The word root in the term gangliitis is gangli/, which means ganglion. A ganglion is a group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system; it is represented by the combining forms gangli/o and ganglion/o.

question

In the medical term neuralgia, the word root means:

answer

nerve; The word root in the term neuralgia is neur/, which means nerve. Neuralgia is nerve pain.

question

The medical term that means protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord (through the vertebral column) is:

answer

meningomyelocele; The protrusion (-cele) of the meninges (mening/o) and spinal cord (myel/o) through the vertebral column is called a meningomyelocele. This condition is also referred to as myelomeningocele.

question

The medical term that means inflammation of the brain is:

answer

encephalitis; Encephalitis is inflammation (-itis) of the brain (encephal/o).

question

Yael is diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which is:

answer

progressive muscle atrophy caused by degeneration of motor neurons in the lateral columns of the spinal cord; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare degenerative disorder that is marked by a progressive loss of functioning motor neurons along the lateral columns of the spinal cord. As the motor neurons become incapable of transmitting impulses, skeletal muscles atrophy. It is also called Lou Gehrig disease.

question

Alzheimer disease is characterized by:

answer

early dementia, confusion, restlessness, and impaired memory; Alzheimer disease is characterized by early dementia, confusion, restlessness, and impaired memory.

question

The medical term that means paralysis of muscles on one side of the face, usually a temporary condition is:

answer

Bell palsy; Bell palsy is paralysis on one side of the face, often caused by a viral infection. It can resolve on its own.

question

The medical term that means interruption of blood supply to the brain caused by cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolus, or cerebral hemorrhage is:

answer

cerebrovascular accident; A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (also known as a stroke or cerebral infarction) is a disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain, due either to a thrombus, embolism, or hemorrhage. Cerebr/o means brain. Vascul/o means blood vessel.

question

The medical term aphasia means:

answer

condition of without speaking (loss of the ability to speak) Aphasia literally means condition (-ia) of being without (a-) speaking (phas/o). It denotes the loss of the ability to speak. Difficulty speaking is dysphasia. Dysphasia and aphasia describe degrees of speech impairment.

question

The meaning of the medical term hemiparesis is:

answer

slight paralysis of half (right or left side of the body) Hemiparesis is the slight paralysis (-paresis) of half (hemi-) the body, either the right side or the left side. Slight paralysis of one limb is monoparesis. Paralysis of one limb is monoplegia.

question

The medical term meaning total paralysis is:

answer

panplegia; Building on medical vocabulary you learned in previous modules (pan- means all), you can determine that the medical term for total (pan-) paralysis (-plegia) is panplegia. This term can also be spelled pamplegia.

question

The medical term that denotes a physician who studies and treats disorders of the mind is:

answer

psychiatrist; A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who studies and treats disorders of the mind (psych/o). The suffix -iatrist means specialist, physician.

question

The medical term referring to (any) disease of the mind is:

answer

psychopathy; The medical term for any disease (-pathy) of the mind (psych/o) is psychopathy.

question

When Melanie was treated after fainting, her medical report identified the incident as:

answer

syncope; Syncope is the medical term for fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the cerebrum.

question

The medical term referring to a state of mental confusion as to time, place, or identity is:

answer

disorientation; Disorientation is a state of confusion about time, place, or identity. Dementia is a cognitive impairment characterized by loss of intellectual brain function, including memory impairment, personality disintegration, confusion, and disorientation. It is a progressive mental disorder.

question

Eunice is being treated for her ___, a marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable and is cued by anticipation of a specific situation or object.

answer

phobia; A phobia is a marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable and is cued by the presence of anticipation of a specific situation or object.

question

The medical term for the state of being unaware of surroundings and incapable of responding to stimuli as a result of injury, shock, or illness is:

answer

unconsciousness; By definition, unconsciousness is the state of being unaware of surroundings and unresponsive to stimuli. Unconsciousness can occur as a result of injury, shock, or illness.

question

You witness a patient undergo a sudden, involuntary contraction of his muscles. You know from this that he is experiencing:

answer

convulsion; If you were tempted to choose b instead of d, it's not surprising. These two are frequently confused. Here's the difference: A seizure is a sudden surge of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. It can sometimes cause physical signs and symptoms such as sensory disturbances, loss of consciousness, and/or an involuntary series of contractions or behaviors. That last symptom, an involuntary series of muscle contractions, is called a convulsion.

question

The medical term seizure refers to:

answer

a sudden surge of abnormal electrical activity in the brain that can cause sensory disturbances, loss of consciousness, and/or an involuntary series of contractions or behaviors; A seizure is a sudden surge of abnormal electrical activity in the brain that can cause sensory disturbances, loss of consciousness, and/or an involuntary series of contractions or behaviors.

question

The medical term referring to physical symptoms for which no known physical cause exists is:

answer

somatoform disorders; Somatoform disorders are those for which the symptoms suggest physical illness or disease, but for which no organic cause can be found. Somat/o means body. An example is conversion disorder. In conversion disorder, emotional conflict is repressed and changed into a loss or alteration of physical functioning, such as blindness, anesthesia, paralysis, and involuntary muscle movements.

question

Which of the following is not a symptom of autism? preoccupation with subjective mental activity impaired communication inability to interact socially alternating manic and depressive episodes

answer

alternating manic and depressive episodes; Autism is a spectrum of mental disorders whose onset is seen during infancy or childhood and is characterized by preoccupation with subjective mental activity, impaired communication, and an inability to interact socially. Alternating manic and depressive episodes is more characteristic of bipolar disorder.

question

The abbreviation for the medical term that describes progressive muscle atrophy caused by hardening of nerve tissue on the lateral columns of the spinal cord is:

answer

ALS; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare degenerative disorder that is marked by a progressive loss of functioning motor neurons. As the motor neurons become incapable of transmitting impulses, skeletal muscles atrophy. ALS is also called Lou Gehrig disease.

question

Inflammation of a specific nerve causing pain that travels from the thigh through the leg to the toes is called:

answer

sciatica; Sciatica is the inflammation of the sciatic nerve that induces pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve: through the thigh and leg to the toes.

question

The medical term for the radiographic imaging of the blood vessels in the brain (after the injection of contrast medium) is:

answer

cerebral angiography; Radiographic imaging (-graphy) of the blood vessels (angi/o) in the brain (cerebr/o) after the injection of a contrast medium is called cerebral angiography. This imaging procedure can be done to assess transient ischemic attacks and to diagnose stroke.

question

A(n) ______________ scan, which is abbreviated _____ scan, is a nuclear medicine imaging technique that shows chemical activity of the brain, as well as blood flow within the brain.

answer

positron emission tomography, PET; Positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging technique that uses radioactive glucose to record chemical (metabolic) activity of cells as well as blood flow within the brain. PET scans offer excellent visualization of tissue damage following a stroke. Computed tomography (CT) is a radiographic technique that generates computerized cross-sectional images of the brain and spinal cord. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses magnetic and radio waves to create an image of the brain in all three planes. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a process of recording brain wave activity.

question

Evoked potential studies:

answer

measure changes and responses in brain waves elicited by visual, auditory, or somatosensory stimuli; Evoked potential is the name given to an electrical response in the brainstem or cerebral cortex that is elicited by a specific stimulus. The stimulus may affect the visual, auditory, or somatosensory pathway, producing a characteristic brain wave pattern. Evoked potential studies are used to evaluate areas of the cortex that receive incoming stimulus from the eyes, ears, and lower/upper extremity sensory nerves.

question

To correct an involuntary spasm, Glenda undergoes ___, which is an incision into a nerve root.

answer

radicotomy; Radicotomy (also called rhizotomy) is an incision into a nerve root.

question

A radiographic exam of the spinal canal after the introduction of a radiopaque substance is:

answer

myelography; Myelography is the process of recording (-graphy) the spinal canal (myel/o) after the injection of a radiopaque substance.

question

A tube implanted in the brain to relieve pressure from cerebrospinal fluid as a result of hydrocephalus is:

answer

a CSF shunt; A CSF shunt is a tube inserted into the brain to relieve the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on the brain in cases of hydrocephalus.

question

Neurectomy is the ___.

answer

excision of a nerve; Neurectomy is the surgical removal, or excision (-ectomy), of a nerve (neur/o).

question

A procedure to aspirate cerebrospinal fluid from the lumbar subarachnoid space is:

answer

LP; A lumbar puncture (LP) is performed in various therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, including the withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis. Cerebrospinal fluid flows through and protects the four ventricles of the brain (cerebr/o = cerebrum), the subarachnoid space, and the spinal canal.

question

__________ is the radiographic examination of the blood vessels in the brain after injection of a contrast medium.

answer

Cerebral angiography; Pluck the clues from the question to find the right answer: blood vessel = angi/o and brain (cerebrum) = cerebr/o. Cerebral angiography uses a contrast medium to visualize the arterial blood vessel system in the brain. Positron emission tomography (PET) uses radioactive glucose to visualize brain tissue. Myelography is radiographic imaging of the spinal canal after injection of contrast medium into the subarachnoid space. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the process of recording brain-wave activity.

question

While repairing a break in the patient's arm, the surgeon performs a ___, or suture of a nerve.

answer

neurorrhaphy; Neurorrhaphy is the suture (-rrhaphy) of a nerve (neur/o).

question

Electro_____ is the recording of the electrical activity of the brain.

answer

encephalography; Let's break it down. Electro refers to the electrical activity of the brain (encephal/o). The suffix -graphy = process of recording. Electroencephalography reveals seizure activity resulting from brain tumors, diseases, or trauma.

question

A surgeon performs a neurotomy, which is:

answer

incision into a nerve; Neurotomy is an incision (-tomy) into a nerve (neur/o).

question

Uses a strong magnetic field to produce images of the brain or spine:

answer

MRI scan; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive technique that produces sectional images of soft tissues of the brain or spine through a strong magnetic field. Computed tomography of the brain (CT scan) uses a computer to produce a series of brain tissue images. Positron emission tomography (PET) uses radioactive glucose to image chemical (metabolic) activity of cells as well as blood flow in the brain. Myelography is the process of recording (-graphy) the spinal canal (myel/o) after the injection of a radiopaque substance.

question

A surgeon was able to repair the damaged nerve using a procedure called:

answer

neuroplasty; Neuroplasty is the surgical repair (-plasty) of a damaged nerve (neur/o).

question

The anatomic structure located under the posterior portion of the cerebrum that assists in the coordination of skeletal muscles is called the:

answer

cerebellum; The cerebellum lies under the posterior portion of the cerebrum. It is responsible for our ability to perform coordinated and smoothly executed movements and maintain balance and posture.

question

The most superior portion of the brainstem is called the:

answer

midbrain; The midbrain is the most superior portion of the brainstem. The pons lies beneath the midbrain, between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata, the lowest part of the brainstem. The medulla oblongata is really an upward extension of the spinal cord.

question

The arachnoid is (are) the:

answer

delicate middle layer of the meninges; The three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord are called meninges. The layers are the pia mater, the dura mater, and the arachnoid. The dura mater is the thick outermost layer; the arachnoid is the delicate, loosely attached web-like covering in the middle; the pia mater is the thin, inner layer that has a rich supply of blood vessels that nourish the nervous tissue.

question

Which of the following is not a function of the cerebrum? Acting as a bridge between the cerebellum and brainstem Controlling skeletal muscles Interpreting the senses Managing intellect, memory and emotional reactions

answer

Acting as a bridge between the cerebellum and brainstem; The cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, is responsible for controlling skeletal muscles and interpreting the senses, as well as managing intellect, memory, and emotional reactions.

question

The dura mater is (are) the:

answer

tough outer layer of the meninges; The three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord are called meninges. The layers are the pia mater, the dura mater, and the arachnoid. The dura mater is the thick outermost layer; the arachnoid is the delicate, loosely attached web-like covering in the middle; and the pia mater is the thin, inner layer, which has a rich supply of blood vessels that nourish the nervous tissue.

question

The clear, colorless fluid contained in the ventricles that flows through the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord is called:

answer

cerebrospinal fluid; Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear, colorless fluid contained in the ventricles that flows through the subarachnoid space around the brain (cerebr/o) and the spinal cord (spin/o).

question

Which of the following are specialized supportive and nourishing cells within the nervous system that do not conduct impulses?

answer

glia; Glia, or neuroglia, are specialized cells found within the nervous system that support and nourish nervous tissue. Some assist in cerebrospinal fluid secretion, and others help with phagocytosis. However, glia do not carry impulses.

question

The combining form meaning speech is:

answer

phas/o; The combining form meaning speech is phas/o, as in the termsaphasia (condition of no speech) and dysphasia (condition of difficult speech).

question

The meaning of the suffix -paresis is:

answer

slight paralysis; The suffix -paresis means slight paralysis.

question

The suffix meaning treatment, specialty is:

answer

-iatry; The suffix -iatry means treatment, specialty. Iatr/o meanstreatment, physician; -iatrist means specialist, physician.

question

The word part that completes the medical term meaninginflammation of the nerve roots, __________/itis, is:

answer

radicul; The question gives you the suffix for inflammation (-itis), so to complete the term meaning inflammation of the nerve roots, you need to supply the word root that means nerve root, which, for this term, is radicul/. Radic/o and rhiz/o are also combining forms for nerve root.

question

In the medical term subdural, the word root means:

answer

hard, dura mater; The word root in the term subdural is dur/, which means hard, dura mater.

question

In the medical term encephalomalacia, the word root means:

answer

brain; The word root in the term encephalomalacia is encephal/, which means brain. You've seen the suffix -malacia before; it means softening.

question

In the medical term rhizotomy, the word root means:

answer

nerve root; The word root in the term rhizotomy is rhiz/, which meansnerve root. Rhizotomy is an incision into the nerve root. Radic/o and radicul/o are also combining forms for nerve root.

question

The medical term that means protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord (through the vertebral column) is:

answer

meningomyelocele; The protrusion (-cele) of the meninges (mening/o) and spinal cord (myel/o) through the vertebral column is called ameningomyelocele. This condition is also referred to asmyelomeningocele.

question

The medical term that means inflammation of many nerves is:

answer

polyneuritis; Polyneuritis is the medical term meaning inflammation (-itis) of many (poly-) nerves (neur/o). Radiculitis describes inflammation of the nerve root. Rhizomeningomyelitis means inflammation of the nerve root, meninges, and spinal cord. Poliomyelitis refers to inflammation of the gray matter (poli/o) of the spinal cord.

question

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by:

answer

progressive muscle atrophy caused by degeneration and scarring of motor neurons along the lateral columns of the spinal cord; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive muscle atrophy caused by caused by degeneration and scarring of motor neurons along the lateral columns of the spinal cord. The resultant hardening of the nerve tissue is called sclerosis. ALS is a rare degenerative disorder that is marked by a progressive loss of functioning motor neurons. As the motor neurons become incapable of trans

question

Ben has multiple sclerosis, which is:

answer

a degenerative disease characterized by destruction of the myelin sheath that coats the neurons of the brain and spinal cord, leaving sclerotic patches in its place. Multiple sclerosis is a progressive disorder in which there is destruction of the myelin sheath, a fatty coating that surrounds neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Although the cause of MS is unknown, it is believed to be associated with infectious, immunologic, and genetic factors. As myelin is destroyed, it is replaced by hardened patches of sclerotic scar tissue. Impulses being transmitted along the axon are slowed by these sclerotic lesions and, eventually, are blocked entirely.

question

The condition characterized by lack of muscle control and partial paralysis, caused by a brain defect or lesion present at birth or shortly after is called:

answer

cerebral palsy; Cerebral palsy is a condition characterized by lack of muscle control and partial paralysis. It is caused by a brain defect or a lesion present at, or shortly after, birth.

question

The medical term that describes an increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain is:

answer

hydrocephalus; Hydr/o means water or fluid; cephal/o means head; -us meansa thing. Hydrocephalus is an accumulation of fluid (CSF) in or around the brain.

question

While playing baseball, Casey experienced an episode of syncope, which is:

answer

fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the brain; Syncope is the medical term for fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the cerebrum.

question

The meaning of the medical term psychosis is a(n):

answer

major mental disorder characterized by extreme derangement; Psychosis is a major mental disorder characterized by extreme derangement. The ability to recognize reality and to interact with one's surroundings is defective or lost.

question

The meaning of the medical term Parkinson disease is:

answer

a degenerative disease of the central nervous system resulting in tremors, rigidity, and a shuffling gait; Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic degenerative disease of the central nervous system. The main symptoms are muscle tremors and rigidity and a shuffling gait.

question

The medical term meaning process of recording the electrical impulses of the brain is:

answer

electroencephalography; The recording (-graphy) of the electrical (electro-) impulses of the brain is electroencephalography. This procedure reveals seizure activity resulting from brain tumors, diseases, or trauma.

question

The surgeon removes a nerve in the patient's jaw, a surgical technique called:

answer

Neurectomy is the surgical removal, or excision, of a nerve.

question

The medical term dysphasia means:

answer

condition of difficult speech; Dysphasia means difficult (dys-) speech (-phasia). Aphasialiterally means condition (-ia) of being without (a-) speaking(phas/o). It denotes the loss of the ability to speak. Dysphasia and aphasia describe degrees of speech impairment.

question

The medical term meaning paralysis of half (right or left side) of the body is:

answer

hemiplegia; Hemiplegia is paralysis (-plegia) of one side of the body.Hemiparesis and monoparesis refer to slight paralysis (-paresis) affecting half of the body and one limb, respectively. Paralysis of one limb is monoplegia.

question

The medical term meaning slight paralysis of one (limb)is:

answer

monoparesis; Slight paralysis (-paresis) of one (mon/o) limb is calledmonoparesis. The medical term for total (pan-) paralysis (-plegia) is panplegia. This term can also be spelled pamplegia. Paralysis (-plegia) of four (quadri-) limbs is called quadriplegia. Monoplegia is paralysis of one limb.

question

During surgery on Ana's face, the surgeon performed, among other things, a neurorrhaphy, which is the:

answer

suture of a nerve; Neurorrhaphy is the suture (-rrhaphy) of a nerve (neur/o).

question

The medical term that describes the interrelatedness of the mind and the body is:

answer

psychosomatic; Psychosomatic means pertaining to (-ic) the relationship and interaction between the mind (psych/o) and body (somat/o). Psychosomatic disorders are those that manifest bodily symptoms of mental, emotional, or psychic disturbance.

question

The meaning of the medical term neurologist is:

answer

a physician who studies and treats diseases of the nerves (nervous system) a specialist of the mind; A neurologist is a physician who specializes (-logist) in the diseases and treatments related to the nervous system.

question

The medical term meaning specialist of the mind is:

answer

psychologist; A psychologist is a specialist (-logist) of the mind (psych/o). A psychologist earns a master's degree or Ph.D. in psychology, not a medical degree. A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who studies and treats disorders of the mind (psych/o). The suffix -iatrist means specialist, physician. A neurologist is a physician who studies and treats diseases of the nervous system.

question

The medical term that means originating in the mind is:

answer

psychogenic; Psychogenic describes an illness that originates in the mind.Psychosomatic means pertaining to (-ic) the relationship and interaction between the mind (psych/o) and body (somat/o). Psychosomatic disorders are those that manifest bodily symptoms of mental, emotional, or psychic disturbance.

question

The first step in relieving the patient's pain was an incision into the nerve, a procedure called:

answer

neurotomy; Neurotomy is incision (-tomy) into a nerve (neur/o).

question

In the medical term myelomalacia, the word root means:

answer

spinal cord; The word root in the term myelomalacia is myel/, which meansspinal cord. You've seen the suffix -malacia before; it meanssoftening. Myelomalacia is the condition of a softening of the spinal cord.

question

The medical term that describes a loss of cognitive abilities is:

answer

dementia; Dementia is a cognitive impairment characterized by loss of intellectual brain function, including memory impairment, personality disintegration, confusion, and disorientation. It is a progressive mental disorder.

question

Although it was a challenge, the surgeon completed a successful neuroplasty, which is the:

answer

surgical repair of a damaged nerve; Neuroplasty is the surgical repair (-plasty) of a damaged nerve (neur/o).

question

The medical term that means unable to express one's thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner is:

answer

incoherent; To be incoherent is to be unable to express your thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner; your thoughts do not cohere, or come together. Disorientation describes a state of mental confusion as to time, place, or identity. Ataxia is a lack of muscle coordination. Unconsciousness is the state of being unaware of surroundings and incapable of responding to stimuli.

question

The medical term syncope refers to:

answer

fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the brain; Syncope is the medical term for fainting, which is a sudden loss of consciousness caused by a lack of blood to the brain.

question

The medical term schizophrenia refers to a(n):

answer

large group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality; Schizophrenia refers to a large group of psychotic disorders that are characterized by gross distortions of reality. These include mood disturbances, language and communication disturbances, a distorted sense of self and relationship to the external world, disorganized and fragmented thinking, and hallucinations and delusions. Schiz/o means split.Schizophrenia means a splitting of the mind, representing the person's break with reality.

question

The abbreviation of the medical term for a degenerative disease characterized by sclerotic patches along the brain and spinal cord is:

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MS; Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease characterized by multiple sclerotic patches along the brain and spinal cord. With MS there is destruction of the myelin sheath, a fatty coating that surrounds neurons in the brain and spinal cord. As myelin is destroyed, it is replaced by hardened areas of scar tissue. Impulses being transmitted along the axon are slowed by these sclerotic lesions and, eventually, are blocked entirely.

question

PNS abbreviates the medical term meaning:

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system made up of the cranial and spinal nerves; PNS stands for peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is composed of bundles of impulse-carrying nerve cell fibers—12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves—that transmit information to and from the central nervous system. This division of the nervous system is calledperipheral because the nerves extend to the outlying, or peripheral, parts of the body.

question

The inability to use speech that is distinct and connected because of a loss of muscle control after damage to the peripheral or central nervous system is:

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dysarthria; Dysarthria is difficult (dys-), poorly articulated speech, resulting from interference in the control and execution of the muscles of speech; it is usually caused by damage to a central or peripheral nerve. Aphasia literally means condition (-ia) of being without (a-) speaking (phas/o). It denotes the loss of the ability to speak. Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing. Ataxia is a lack of muscle coordination.

question

Audrey is a four-year-old girl who is preoccupied with her own subjective mental activities, such as spinning a ball and watching the patterns on it blend, or counting. She also has impaired communication and cannot interact socially. Her symptoms may indicate that Audrey has:

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autism; Autism is a spectrum of mental disorders whose onset is seen during infancy or childhood. It is characterized by preoccupation with subjective mental activity, impaired communication, and an inability to interact socially.

question

Evan is so afraid to get on an elevator that he turned down a job he really wanted because he cannot avoid taking the elevator to get there. Evan has decided to get treatment for:

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a phobia; A phobia or phobic disorder is a marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable and is cued by the presence of anticipation of a specific situation or object.

question

Another term for shingles is:

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Herpes zoster; Herpes zoster, or shingles, is an infectious disorder that affects the peripheral nerves. Characterized by painful eruptions that follow the path of the spinal or cranial nerves, shingles develops in response to reactivation of the virus that causes chickenpox.

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The abbreviation of the medical term that describes the development of symptoms of anxiety and avoidance following a traumatic event is:

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PTSD; Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder characterized by an acute emotional response to a traumatic event. Symptoms include anxiety, sleep disturbance, nightmares, difficulty concentrating, and depression.

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Jeremy experiences a sudden onset of involuntary muscle contractions caused by a sudden surge of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. The Emergency Department physician explains that Jeremy has just experienced:

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a seizure; A seizure is a sudden surge of abnormal electrical activity in the brain; it can, in some cases, cause an involuntary series of contractions or behaviors like those seen in this patient.

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A group of disorders whose main symptom is recurring seizures is:

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epilepsy; Epilepsy is a group of disorders, all of which involve an abnormal discharge of electrical activity from the nerve cells of the cerebrum. These sudden uncontrolled bursts of activity, in themselves, are called seizures. Seizures can cause sensory disturbances, involuntary muscle contractions (called convulsions), and loss of consciousness.

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A sudden, involuntary contraction of muscles is called:

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a convulsion;

question

PET is best described as a(n):

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nuclear medicine imaging technique that shows chemical activity of the brain, as well as blood flow within the brain.

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