Mr. Pfriem’s Chemistry Vocab – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
| Electrons |
answer
| Subatomic waves that have negative electrical charges |
question
| Protons |
answer
| Subatomic particle that has a positive electrical charge |
question
| Neutrons |
answer
| Subatomic particle that has no charge |
question
| Nucleus |
answer
| Central location of an atom that contains protons and neutrons |
question
| Matter |
answer
| Anything that has mass and volume |
question
| Inference |
answer
| Assumption/conclusion derived from an observation |
question
| Heterogeneous Mixture |
answer
| Physical blend in which substances are not distributed evenly |
question
| Homogeneous Mixture |
answer
| Physical blend in which substances are distributed evenly |
question
| Control Group |
answer
| Part of the experiment that doesn't contain the cause. |
question
| Condensation Point |
answer
| Temperature at which gas becomes a liquid |
question
| Melting Point |
answer
| Temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid. |
question
| Metric System |
answer
| Group of measurements all based on the number 10 |
question
| Boyle's Law |
answer
| At constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. |
question
| Kinetic Molecular Theory |
answer
| Explanation of how gas particles behave. |
question
| Element |
answer
| Pure substances made up of only 1 type of atom. |
question
| Atom |
answer
| An uncharged particle that weights the R.O.A.M. |
question
| Isotope |
answer
| Particles that don't weigh the R.O.A.M. |
question
| Heavy Isotope |
answer
| Particles weighing more than the R.O.A.M. |
question
| Light Isotope |
answer
| Particles weighing less than the R.O.A.M. |
question
| Atomic Number |
answer
| Amount of protons in the nucleus of that element. |
question
| Atomic Symbol |
answer
| Abbreviation of an element |
question
| Charge Number |
answer
| Electrical intensity of a particle |
question
| Periodic Table |
answer
| Chart listing all known elements |
question
| LCM (Law of Conservation of Matter) |
answer
| Matter can neither be created nor destroyed under normal circumstances. |
question
| Electron Cloud |
answer
| General space where electrons travel |
question
| Coefficcient |
answer
| Total number of particles |
question
| Molar Mass |
answer
| Weight of 6.02 x 10^23 particles |
question
| Mass Number |
answer
| Specific weight of an individual particle |
question
| Metalloid |
answer
| Element that has properties of both metals and non-metals |
question
| Metal |
answer
| Element on left side of PT |
question
| Ion |
answer
| Electrically charged particle |
question
| Non-metal |
answer
| Elements on right side of PT |
question
| Oxidation number |
answer
| Electrical charge that an atom would like to have in order to become stable |
question
| Valence Configuration |
answer
| Mathematical description of the outermost electrons in a particle |
question
| Stability |
answer
| Tendency not to react |
question
| Compound |
answer
| Pure substances made up of only one type of molecule |
question
| Observation |
answer
| Information gained directly from one or more of the five senses. |
question
| Physical reaction |
answer
| Change in which NO new substances form |
question
| Gram |
answer
| Standard unit of mass in metric system |
question
| Science |
answer
| Study of the unknown |
question
| Mole |
answer
| 6.02 X 10^23 |
question
| Experimental group |
answer
| Part of experiment that contains the cause |
question
| Experiment |
answer
| Test of hypothesis |
question
| Chemical reaction |
answer
| Change in which one or more new substances form |
question
| Data |
answer
| Objective info gathered from experiment |
question
| Hypothesis |
answer
| Proposed solution to a scientific problem |
question
| Chemistry |
answer
| Study of structures, properties and compositions of matter, and changes in that matter. |
question
| Anion |
answer
| Negatively charged particle |
question
| Cation |
answer
| Positively charged particle |
question
| Density |
answer
| Physical property describing thickness of a substance |
question
| Subscript |
answer
| Number of atoms in a molecule |
question
| Molecule |
answer
| Smallest unit of compound and still have all the properties of that compound |
question
| Mixture |
answer
| Blend of two or more substances physically combined in a variable ratio |
question
| Catalyst |
answer
| Anything that makes a chemical reaction go faster without being used up. |
question
| Water displacement |
answer
| Method for finding volume of an irregular shaped object |
question
| Mass |
answer
| Amount of matter in an object |
question
| Volume |
answer
| Amount of space an object takes up |
question
| Length |
answer
| Distance from one point to another |
question
| Liter |
answer
| Standard unit of volume in metric system |
question
| Meter |
answer
| Standard unit of length in the metric system |
question
| Energy level |
answer
| Amount of energy an electron has which is based on its distance from the nucleus |
question
| Theory |
answer
| Explanation of an unknown phenomenon based on all the knowledge known to man |
question
| Sublevel |
answer
| Group of similar oribitals within the same energy level |
question
| Pressure |
answer
| Force applied per unit area from molecular collisions |
question
| Scientific Method |
answer
| Series of steps to solve the unknown |
question
| Transition Metals |
answer
| B column elements, D block elements |
question
| Atomic Mass |
answer
| Average weight of all isotopes of an element |
question
| Representative elements |
answer
| A column elements, s + p block elements |
question
| Model |
answer
| Physical representation designed to make a difficult concept easier to understand |
question
| Freezing point |
answer
| Temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid |
question
| Heat |
answer
| Total kinetic energy of a system |
question
| Boiling point |
answer
| Temperature in which liquid becomes a gas |
question
| Temperature |
answer
| Average kinetic energy of a system |
question
| Endothermic reaction |
answer
| Change in which heat is absorbed. |
question
| Exothermic Reaction |
answer
| Change in which heat is released |
question
| Guy-Lussac's Law |
answer
| At constant volume the pressure of a gas is directly proportional tot he temperature of that gas |
question
| Charles Law |
answer
| At constant pressure the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of that gas. |
question
| Crystal Lattice (crystal) |
answer
| Solid that repeats its structure over and over. (regular repeating structure) |
question
| Hydrate |
answer
| Ionic compound with a fixed number of water molecules in its structure |
question
| Anhydrous compounds |
answer
| Do not take in any water |
question
| Ionic Compound |
answer
| Group of two or more ions bonded ionically |
question
| Molecules |
answer
| Group of two or more atoms bonded covalently |
question
| Nomenclature |
answer
| study of naming things |
question
| Monoatomic Ion |
answer
| Charged particle that came from one atom i.e. K2 |
question
| Polyatomic Ion |
answer
| Charged particle that came from more than one atom i.e. NaCl |
question
| Ionic bonds |
answer
| Attraction between Ions caused by opposite electrical charges. (nothing shared) |
question
| Covalent bonds |
answer
| Attraction between atoms caused by sharing of valence electrons |
question
| Electronegativity |
answer
| Tendency of a particle to pull valence electrons from another particle |
question
| Electronegativity Difference |
answer
| Difference between ability to take electrons |
question
| Diatomic Molecules |
answer
| Covalent compound made up of two of the same types of atoms |
question
| Polar Covalent Bond |
answer
| Attraction between two atoms in which valence electrons are UNEVENLY shared |
question
| Non-Polar Covalent Bond |
answer
| Attraction between two atoms in which valence electrons are EVENLY shared. |
question
| Hydrophobic Molecule |
answer
| Covalent compound that will not dissolve in water. Made by non-polar covalent bonds. |
question
| Hydrophilic |
answer
| Covalent compound that will dissolve in water. Made by polar covalent bond. |
question
| Empirical |
answer
| Formula in simplest state |
question
| Single/double/triple covalent bonds |
answer
| attraction between 2 atoms in which 1/2/3 pairs of valence electrons are shared. |
question
| Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory |
answer
| Free electron pairs take up more space than bonded electron pairs |
