Moore World History Chapter 27 – Flashcards

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Hague Tribunal
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World court that was setup to settle disputes between nations, at the 1899 First Universal Peace Conference in the Netherlands. It could not enforce its rulings.
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Pan-Slavism
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A movement to promote the independence of Slav people. Roughly started with the Congress in Prague; supported by Russia. Led to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877.
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Central Powers
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A military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.
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Allies
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U.S., Britain, France, and Russia- Later joined by Italy
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pacifism
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A belief that disputes should be settled by nonviolent means
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militarism
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A political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
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entente
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An agreement between two or more governments or powers for cooperative action or policy
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THE PURSUIT OF PEACE
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* 1899 -> first annual peace conference * 1896 -> first modern olympics * Nobel Peace prize set up * Hegue Tribunal becomes first world court
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AGGRESSIVE NATIONALISM FRANCE AND GERMANY
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* Germany -> strong national feelings -> proud of military and industry * France -> hated germany because the defeated them in 1871 and took the Alsace Lorraine which France believed belonged to them.
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AGRESSIVE NATIONALISM EASTER EUROPE
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* Russia -> pro slavism -> all Slavic people share the same nationality ans should be one country. * Russia supported the new country of Serbia * Austria -Hungery -> feared rebellion from minorities in the country * Ottoman Turkey -> afraid of new countries like Serbia and Greece * 1912 -> Some Balkans countries attack Turkay then wage war amongst themselves for the riches from Turkey
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RIVALRIES AMONG EUROPEAN POWERS IMPERIALISM
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* Because Germany's factories were doing better than Britain factories -> Britian would oppose Germany in any conflict. * Fighting over colonies almost brought Britian and France to war *
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RIVALRIES AMONG EUROPEAN POWERS MILITARISM AND THE ARMS RACE
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* Grew out of Social Darwinism (survival of the fittest) * War was seen as "romantic and something that people shoudl do * Large powers like Germany and Britain began to improve and increase military power to protect themselves from war
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A TANGLE OF ALLIANCES
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* Because of distrust countries entered into allainces or treaties so that they would be protected * Two big allainces came out - The Allia and the Central Powers * Germany also made a different alliance with the Ottoman empire * Britian made an alliance with Japan.
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