question

psychotherapy

answer

an emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties

question

biomedical therapy

answer

prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patients' nervous system

question

eclectic approach

answer

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the clients' problems uses techniques from various forms of therapy

question

evidence-based practice

answer

It means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research

question

psychoanalysis

answer

Freud's theory of personality and therapeutic technique that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, transferences - and the therapist's interpretation of them - released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

question

humanistic approach

answer

historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth

question

resistance

answer

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

question

interpretation

answer

in psychoanalysis, the analysts's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

question

transference

answer

in psychoanalysis, the patients; transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

question

client-centered therapy

answer

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Jung, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate clients' growth

question

active listening

answer

empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies

question

unconditional positive regard

answer

according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person

question

free association

answer

in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing

question

free will

answer

An important difference between humanistic and psychoanalytic approaches is that humanistic psychologists believe in the importance of

question

psychoanalysis

answer

The phenomenon of transference is a recognized component of which of the following therapeutic treatments?

question

humanistic

answer

Which of the following theoretical frameworks would argue most strongly that a healthy child will choose what is good for his or her growth?

question

humanistic

answer

The psychologists who first developed encounter groups and sensitivity-training groups based their work on which of the following approaches to therapy?

question

active listening

answer

When Marvin told his therapist, "I came to see what you could do for me," the therapist responded, "It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?" The therapist's response reflects the technique of:

question

behavior therapy

answer

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

question

counterconditioning

answer

a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning

question

exposure therapies (including flooding)

answer

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid

question

systematic desensitization

answer

a type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli, commonly used to treat phobias

question

virtual reality exposure therapy

answer

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes to simulations of their greatest fears, such as spiders

question

aversive conditioning

answer

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

question

token economy

answer

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

question

cognitive therapy

answer

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

question

Rational-Emotive Behavioral Therapy

answer

based psychotherapy which focuses on resolving emotional and behavioral problems and disturbances and enabling people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives

question

cognitive-behavior therapy

answer

a popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

question

family therapy

answer

therapy that treats the family as a system. views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication

question

regression toward the mean

answer

the tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average

question

meta-analysis (of various therapy approaches)

answer

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

question

psychopharmacology

answer

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

question

antipsychotic drugs

answer

A medication (or another measure) that is believed to be effective in the treatment of psychosis

question

tardive dyskinesia

answer

involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target D2 dopamine receptors

question

antianxiety drugs

answer

medicines that calm and relax people with excessive anxiety, nervousness, or tension, or for short-term control of social phobia disorder or specific phobia disorder

question

antidepressant drugs

answer

a drug, used to prevent or treat depression

question

mood-stabilizing drugs

answer

drug used to treat mood disorders characterized by intense and sustained mood shifts

question

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

answer

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which as brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

question

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

answer

the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

question

psychosurgery

answer

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

question

lobotomy

answer

a now-rare psychosurgical procedure one used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients, procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain

question

cognitive

answer

Although Paul seems bright and capable to his parents and friends, he has been failing in school. Paul agrees to speak with a psychologist, who suggests that his problems stem from internal processes such as unrealistic expectations and negative thinking. The psychologist's view is typical of which of the following models of behavior?

question

systematic desensitization

answer

Which of the following treatments is most frequently used to eliminate specific phobias?

question

behavioral

answer

A psychologist is attempting to get Wade, an 8-year-old boy with autism, to make eye contact when she speaks to him. She gives Wade a piece of candy every time he looks at her face. This treatment illustrates which of the following therapeutic approaches?

question

cognitive

answer

Aaron Beck suggested that negative beliefs cause depression. To help change these negative beliefs, Beck used which of the following therapies?

question

Responses that have been reinforced in the past

answer

Behavior therapists emphasize which of the follwoing in their treatment of clients?

question

free association

answer

A central therapeutic technique of psychoanalysis is:

question

expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships

answer

Transference refers to a client's:

question

client-centered therapy

answer

Which of the following types of therapies is considered humanistic?

question

associating a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli

answer

Which of the following is the best description of systematic desensitization?

question

counterconditioning

answer

Systematic desensitization is a form of:

question

aversive conditioning

answer

To help Jill quit smoking, a therapist delivers an electric shock to Jill's arm each time she smokes a cigarette. The therapist is using:

question

operant conditioning

answer

A therapy that involves rewards for desired behaviors and withholding rewards because of undesired behaviors is a type of ________ therapy.

question

group therapy fosters a sense of community that may help addicts recover

answer

Kyle goes to a therapist for his alcoholism. His counselor may suggest he participate in group therapy because:

question

drug therapies

answer

Which of the following treatments led most directly to deinstitutionalization?

question

antipsychotic drugs

answer

Which drugs appear to produce therapeutic effects by blocking receptor sites for dopamine?

question

GABA

answer

Which of the following neurotransmitters is affected by antianxiety drugs?

question

lithium

answer

Wilma, a 45-year-old journalist, alternates between extreme sadness and lethargy and extreme euphoria and overactivity. The drug most likely to prove beneficial to her is:

question

depression

answer

Electroconvulsive therapy has proven to be effective in the treatment of:

question

The nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the deeper emotional centers are cut.

answer

Which of the following is the most accurate description of a lobotomy?

question

serotonin

answer

Prozac is an antidepressant drug that blocks the reabsorption and removal of:

question

antipsychotic

answer

Melissa suffers from auditory hallucinations and falsely believes that her former high school teachers are trying to kill her. Melissa's symptoms are most likely to be relieved by ________ drugs.

question

homelessness

answer

Deinstitutionalization is thought to have led to an increase in:

question

aversive conditioning

answer

A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state or feeling with an unwanted behavior is called:

question

case studies cannot be replicated

answer

Scientists are cautious about making generalizations from case studies because

question

people with relationship problems

answer

Humanistic therapy seems to work best for treating

question

aversive conditioning

answer

Therapy that replaces a positive response to a stimulus with a negative response

question

psychotherapy

answer

Treatment method involving verbal interactions between therapist and client

question

resistance

answer

Patient's hesitancy or unwillingness to discuss issues raised during free association

question

client-centered therapy

answer

Active listening and unconditional positive regard are key techniques used in

question

memory loss

answer

The serious side effects of electroconvulsive surgery include

question

antipsychotic drugs

answer

Schizophrenics suffering from hallucinations may be prescribed

question

dream analysis and transference

answer

The main techniques used by psychoanalysts include

question

help people think about problems in more productive ways

answer

The main goal of cognitive therapy is to

question

serotonin and ninadrenaline

answer

Biological theorists suggest that mood disorders may be related to low blood levels of

question

social relationship problems

answer

Client-centered therapy seems to work best for treating

question

rational-emotive therapy

answer

Role-playing, modeling, and homework assignments are widely used in

question

learn desirable behaviors

answer

Operant conditioning helps a person

question

expose unresolved problems in the patient's earlier relationships

answer

Psychoanalysts make use of transference to

question

counterconditioning and operant conditioning

answer

Behavior therapy can be divided into the categories of

question

major depression, personality disorders, anxiety

answer

Cognitive therapy is especially helpful in treating

question

cognitive-behavioral therapy

answer

Psychiatrist Aaron Beck developed the cognitive therapy known as

question

eliminate troubling emotions or behaviors

answer

Unlike psychoanalysis, the key goal of cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy is to

question

school and college counselors

answer

Client-centered therapy is practiced widely by

question

people stop being true to themselves and act as others expect them to act

answer

Psychologist Carl Rogers believed that psychologcial problems arise when

question

reach their full potential

answer

The primary goal of humanistic therapy is to help individuals

question

targeting a specific problem rather than the entire personality, the duration of treatment, its availability to a wide range of people

answer

Brief psychoanalysis differs from traditional psychoanalysis in

question

counterconditioning

answer

Systematic desensitization and modeling are techniques used in

question

Freud's use of hypnosis

answer

The psychoanalytic technique of free association developed as a result of

question

revealing unconscious thoughts and feelings at the root of problems

answer

Self-awareness and insight help patients undergoing psychoanalysis reduce their guilt and anxiety by

question

be licensed

answer

All states require professional therapists to

question

anxiety

answer

Psychoanalysis may be most helpful for people experiencing

question

helping them overcome isolation, the placebo effect, changing outlooks and perception

answer

Psychotherapy can help troubled individuals by

question

it is given under laboratory conditions, a person's expectations affect the results of a treatment

answer

A placebo is often as effective as taking a medication because

question

active listening

answer

An important feature of client-centered therapy is:

Module 13 Psych – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards