modern world history chapter 17 – Flashcards
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united nations
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an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security
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iron curtain
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Winston Churchill's term for the Cold War division between the Soviet-dominated East and the U.S.-dominated West.
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containment
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adopted by press. truman, it was a policy directed at blocking soviet influence and stopping the expansion of communism
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truman doctrine
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President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism
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marshall plan
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a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952)
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cold war
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This period of time following World War II is where the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers and faced off in an arms race that lasted nearly 50 years.
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NATO
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries
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warsaw pact
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The soviet union saw NATO as a threat and formed its own alliance in 1955
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brinkmanship
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a policy of threatening to go to war in response to any enemy aggression.
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Mao Zedong
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communists Chinese leader
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jiang jieshi
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Nationalsit chinese leader
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who gave financial, military and technical aid to communist china?
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Soviet Union
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communes
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large collective farms
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The great leap forward
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involved communes but was a step backward to mao zedong
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Red Guards
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led a major uprising know as the cultural revolution
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Cultural revolution
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goal to established a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal
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38th parallel
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line of latitude that separated North and South Korea
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douglas macarthur
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American general, who commanded allied troops in the Pacific during World War II.
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ho chi minh
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communist leader of North Vietnam
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domino theory
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the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control
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ngo dinh diem
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South Vietnam non-Communist leader
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vietcong
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the guerrilla soldiers of the Communist faction in Vietnam, also know as the National Liberation Front
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vietnamization
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President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces
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khmer rouge
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communist rebels in cambodia
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third world
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consisted of developing nations, often newly independent, who were not aligned with either superpower
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nonaligned nations
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third force, or independent countries
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fidel castro
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Communist leader of Cuba
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anastasio somoza
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U.S. supported Nicaraguan dictator; overthrown by Sandinistas
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daniel ortega
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leader of the Sandinistas in Nicaragua. He introduced Socialist reforms in Nicaragua
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ayatollah
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a religious leader among Shiite Muslims
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nikita khrushchev
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dominant soviet leader after stalin
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leonid brezhnev
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Soviet statesman who became president of the Soviet Union (1906-1982)
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john f kennedy
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President during Bay of Pigs, and Cuban Missile Crisis. Strong image icon. Creator of Civil Rights Act.
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lyndon johnson
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he assumed the presidency after the assassination of kennedy. commited to stopping the spread of communism
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detente
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A policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the United States during the presidency of Richard Nixon.
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richard nixon
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President of the United States from 1969 to 1974 who followed a foreign policy marked by détente with the Soviet Union and by the opening of diplomatic relations with China. In the face of likely impeachment for the Watergate scandal, he resigned.
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SALT
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Strategic arms limitation talks
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Ronald reagan
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a fiercely anti communist us pre. moved away form detente
