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interorganizatonal information system

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an information system used between or among organizations that are independently owned and managed

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pre-internet systems

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first type of interorganizatonal system; communicated via postal mail, telephone, and fax.

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e-commerce

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second type of interorganizational system; the buying and selling of goods and services over public and private computer networks; EX: Amazon.com and eBay

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Web 2.0

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third type of interorganizational system; a loose cloud of capabilities, technologies, business models, and philosophies that characterize the new and emerging business uses of the internet; EX: Google advertising

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user-generated content

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in Web 2.0, data and information that is provided by users; EX: product ratings, product and problem solutions, product designs, and marketing data

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enterprise 2.0

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fourth type of interorganizational system; the application of web 2.0 technologies, collaboration systems, social networking, and related technologies to facilitate the cooperative work in organizations

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emergence

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key principle of enterprise 2.0; relationship, ideas, and projects are not predefined, but appear as a result of collaboration via social networking

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social crm

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crm that includes social networking elements and gives the customer much more power and control in the customer-vender relationship

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service-oriented architecture (SOA)

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a software design methodology and set of program communication standards that greatly improve the flexibility and adaptability of interorganizational program-to-program communication

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merchant companies

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in e-commerce, companies that take title to the goods they sell

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nonmerchant companies

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e-commerce companies that arrange for the purchase and sale of goods without ever owning or taking title to those goods

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B2C

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this kind of merchant e-commerce concerns sales between a supplier and a retail customer (the consumer)

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web storefront

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in e-commerce, a web-based application that enables customers to ender and manage their orders

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B2B

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this kind of merchant e-commerce refers to sales between companies, like raw material suppliers, etc.

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B2G

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this kind of merchant e-commerce refers to sales between companies and governmental organizations

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auction

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nonmerchant e-commerce application that match buyers and sellers using an e-commerce version of a standard, competitive bidding process

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clearinghouse

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nonmerchant e-commerce entity that provides goods and services at a stated price, prices and arranges for the delivery of the goods, but never takes title of the goods

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disintermediation

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elimination of one or more middle layers in the supply chain; how e-commerce improves market efficiency

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price elasticity

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a measure of the sensitivity in demand to changes in price; the ratio of the percentage change in quantity divided by the percentage change in price; e-commerce produces information about this that has not been available before

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channel conflict

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in e-commerce, a conflict that may result between a manufacturer that wants to sell products directly to consumers and the retailers in the existing sales channels

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price conflict

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in e-commerce, a conflict that may result when manufacturers offer products at prices lower than those available through existing sales channels

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logistics expense

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existing distribution and retailing partners provide value; the manufacturer will have this increased expense of entering and processing orders in small quantities

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customer service expense

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this expense is likely to increase for manufacturers who use e-commerce to sell directly to consumers

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software as a service (SAAS)

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business model whereby companies (such as Google, Amazon, and eBay) provide services based on their software, rather than providing software as a product; an example of Web 2.0

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thin client

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a software application that requires nothing more than a browser and can be run only by the user's computer

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viral marketing

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a marketing method used in the Web 2.0 world in which users spread news about products and services to one another

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value

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one characteristic of Web 2.0 is that the ___ of a site increases with users and use

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crowdsourcing

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the process by which organizations use Web 2.0 technologies such as user-generated content to involve their users in the design and marketing of their products; combines social networking, viral marketing, and open-source design, saving considerable cost while cultivating customers

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mashup

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the combination of output from two or more websites into a single user experience

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my maps

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a web 2.0 product that provides tools with which users can make custom modifications to maps provided by google; an example of a mashup

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adwords

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a web 2.0 advertising product from google; venders agree to pay a certain amount to google for use of particular search words, which link to the vendor's site

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adsense

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a web 2.0 product from google; google searches an organization's website and inserts ads that match content on that site; when users click those ads, google pays the organization a fee

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social network

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connections of people with similar interests

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social capital

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earned through social networking; the investment in social relations with expectation of future returns in the marketplace

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social networking

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any activity that an entity like an individual, project, or organization takes with the entities to which it is related

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human capital

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the investment in human knowledge and skills with the expectation of future returns in the marketplace

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information, influence, social credentials, personal reinforcement

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four ways that social capital adds value

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information

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first way social capital adds value; social networks can provide ___ about opportunities, alternatives, problems, and other factors important to business professionals

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influence

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second way social capital adds value; social networks provide an opportunity to ___ decision makers in one employer or in other organizations who are critical to your success

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social credential

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third way social capital adds value; you can bask in the glory of those with whom you are related

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value of social capital

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determined by the number of relationships in a social network, by the strength of those relationships, and by the resources controlled by those related

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least

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the people you know the ___ contribute the most connections to your network

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SLATES

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six characteristics of enterprise 2.0; search, link, author, tagged, extensions, signal

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folksonomy

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content structure that has emerged from the processing of many user tags

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search

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first characteristic of enterprise 2.0; people have more success searching than they do in finding from structured content

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links

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second characteristic of enterprise 2.0; links to enterprise resources, like on the web

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authoring

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third characteristic of enterprise 2.0; create enterprise content via blogs, wikis, discussion groups, presentations, etc.

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