Midterm Review. Chem. Test Questions – Flashcards
65 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 65question
| Aristotle rejected Democritus' theory entirely. true or false. |
answer
| true |
Unlock the answer
question
| Aristotles ideas were.. |
answer
| he denied the existence of atoms. |
Unlock the answer
question
| John Dalton came up with.. |
answer
| Dalton's Atomic Theory |
Unlock the answer
question
| All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms, atoms cannot be created divided or destroyed, and that in a chemical reaction atoms are separated, combined, or rearranged are all parts of.. |
answer
| Dalton's Atomic Theory |
Unlock the answer
question
| Was all of Dalton's theory accurate? |
answer
| no |
Unlock the answer
question
| Wad Dalton's atomic theory a huge step toward our current atomic model of matter? |
answer
| yes |
Unlock the answer
question
| What was Dalton wrong about? |
answer
| He was wrong about atoms being indivisible, (they are now divisible into several subatomic particles) and about all atoms of a given element having identical properties (atoms of an element mayy have slightly different masses) |
Unlock the answer
question
| Do all atoms of a given element have identical properties? |
answer
| no |
Unlock the answer
question
| Are atoms indivisible? |
answer
| no |
Unlock the answer
question
| _ is the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element. |
answer
| an atom |
Unlock the answer
question
| What does the scanning tunneling microscope allow you to do? |
answer
| see individual atoms |
Unlock the answer
question
| Why was the accidental discovery of the cathode ray so significant? |
answer
| it led to the development of the television |
Unlock the answer
question
| Negatively charged particles that are part of all forms of matter are now known as _ |
answer
| electrons |
Unlock the answer
question
| Who began a series of cathode ray tube experiments to determine the ratio of its charge to its mass? |
answer
| J.J. Thomson |
Unlock the answer
question
| Thomson concluded that the mass of the charged particle was much less than that of a _ atom, the lightest known atom. |
answer
| hydrogen |
Unlock the answer
question
| Who was the person that identified the first electron/ discovered it? |
answer
| J.J Thomson |
Unlock the answer
question
| How did Thomson prove that Dalton was wrong? |
answer
| He proved that atoms were divisible into smaller subatomic particles. |
Unlock the answer
question
| Who determined the charge of an electron? |
answer
| Robert Millikan |
Unlock the answer
question
| A single electron carries a charge of _ |
answer
| -1 |
Unlock the answer
question
| J.J Thomson proposed a model of the atom that became known as the ... |
answer
| plum pudding model |
Unlock the answer
question
| Did the plum pudding model of the atom last long? |
answer
| no |
Unlock the answer
question
| Who conducted the gold foil experiment? |
answer
| Ernest Rutherford |
Unlock the answer
question
| Rutherford concluded by his experiment that the _ was incorrect because it could not explain the results of the gold foil experiment. |
answer
| plum pudding model |
Unlock the answer
question
| Rutherford calculated that an atom is.. |
answer
| consisted mostly of empty space through which the electrons move |
Unlock the answer
question
| Rutherford also concluded that there was a tiny, dense region, called the _, centrally located within the atom that contained all of an atom's positive charge and virtually all its masss. |
answer
| nucleus |
Unlock the answer
question
| Rutherford concluded that the nucleus contained positively charged particles called |
answer
| protons |
Unlock the answer
question
| A _ is a subatomic particle carrying a charge equal to but opposite that of an electron; that is, a _ has a positive charge of _ |
answer
| proton, proton, +1 |
Unlock the answer
question
| James Chadwick showed that the nucleus also contained another subatomic particle, a neutral particle called the _ |
answer
| neutron |
Unlock the answer
question
| Who discovered the neutron? |
answer
| James Chadwick |
Unlock the answer
question
| A _ has a mass nearly equal to that of a proton, but it carries no electrical charge. |
answer
| neutron |
Unlock the answer
question
| Three subatomic particles that are the fundamental building blocks from which all atoms are made from are _, _, and _. |
answer
| electron, proton, neutron |
Unlock the answer
question
| Where is the electron located? |
answer
| in the space surrounding the nucleus |
Unlock the answer
question
| Where are the protons and neutrons located? |
answer
| in the nucleus |
Unlock the answer
question
| Electron are held within the atom by their attraction to the _ _ _. |
answer
| positively charged nucleus |
Unlock the answer
question
| Who discovered that atoms of each element contain a unique positive charge in their nuclei. |
answer
| Henry Moseley |
Unlock the answer
question
| The number of protons in an atom is referred to as the element's .... |
answer
| atomic number. |
Unlock the answer
question
| True or false; The period table is organized left to right and top to bottom by decreasing atomic number. |
answer
| false; it's organized by increasing atomic number. |
Unlock the answer
question
| true or false ; Atomic # = # of protons = # of electrons |
answer
| TRUE (p. 98 ) |
Unlock the answer
question
| Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called _ |
answer
| isotopes |
Unlock the answer
question
| true or false. Isotopes do not differ in mass. |
answer
| false; they do differ |
Unlock the answer
question
| The number added after the element's name to help make it easy to identify each isotope of an element is the _ |
answer
| mass number |
Unlock the answer
question
| True or false; Number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number. |
answer
| true. |
Unlock the answer
question
| amu stands for.. |
answer
| atomic mass number |
Unlock the answer
question
| What is the weighted averaged mass of the isotopes of an element..? |
answer
| atomic mass |
Unlock the answer
question
| What do you need to calculate the atomic mass of an element? |
answer
| number of naturally occurring isotopes, their masses, and their percent abundances |
Unlock the answer
question
| A nuclear reaction involves a change in an atom's _ |
answer
| nucleus |
Unlock the answer
question
| _ is a process in which some substances spontaneously emit radiation. |
answer
| radioactivity. |
Unlock the answer
question
| The rays and particles emitted by the radioactive material is called _ |
answer
| radiation |
Unlock the answer
question
| Unstable nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation in a spontaneous process ( a process that does not require energy) called .. ? |
answer
| radioactive decay |
Unlock the answer
question
| Scientists named the radiation that was deflected toward the negatively charged plate .. ? |
answer
| alpha radiation |
Unlock the answer
question
| Alpha radiation is made up of.. ? |
answer
| alpha particles |
Unlock the answer
question
| Each alpha particle contains _ protons and _ neutrons, and thus has a _ charge. |
answer
| 2, 2, +2 |
Unlock the answer
question
| Since opposite electrical charges, attract, it explains why the _ particles are attracted to the negatively charged plate. |
answer
| alpha |
Unlock the answer
question
| An alpha particle is equivalent to a helium-4 nucleus, which is represented by |
answer
| 4He 2 and it's also represented by the fish thing that represents jesus! |
Unlock the answer
question
| The radiation that was deflected toward the positively charged plate is called |
answer
| beta radiation |
Unlock the answer
question
| beta radiation consists of fast moving electrons called |
answer
| beta particles |
Unlock the answer
question
| Beta particles are represented by |
answer
| 0B( fancy looking B) -1 |
Unlock the answer
question
| What is the charge for Beta? |
answer
| -1 |
Unlock the answer
question
| Whats the charge for Gamma? |
answer
Unlock the answer
question
| What are high-energy radiation that posses no mass and are denoted by the symbol 0/0y |
answer
| gamma rays |
Unlock the answer
question
| Because they possess no electrical charge, _ are not deflected by electric or magnetic fields. |
answer
| gamma rays |
Unlock the answer
