Bacteria Methane Test Microbiology – Flashcards
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| What bacteria is responsible for the most common bacterial gastroenteritis in the US? |
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| Campylobacter jejuni |
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| A pt in an urgent care clinic reports having frequent episodes of diarrhea with abdominal pain & fever for several days. The pt reports an allergy to shellfish. A recent bowel movement contains traces of blood. A fecal sample shows the prescence of Gram-negative, curved, motile, urease-negative bacteria. What bacteria is most likely responsible for pt's symptoms? |
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| Campylobacter jejuni |
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| Shortly after returning from a trip to several continents, a yound man experiences episodes of fever, chills, muscle aches, and HA that recur at irregular intervals. The young man reports carrying only a large backpack and commonly staying in hostels long the way. What disease is he likely to have? |
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| louse-borne relapsing fever |
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| The emergin disease known as anaplasmosis is trasmitted by? |
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| ticks |
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| What is TRUE about rickettsias? |
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| They are obligate intracellular parasites, they can sunthesize small amounts of peptidoglycan, they have genes for protein synthesis, they divide by binary fission. |
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| What is FALSE regarding rickettsias? |
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| They can live outside the host for long periods of time |
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| Transovarian transmission is a process in which? |
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| an infected female vector transmits the pathogen to the eggs forming in its ovaries |
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| Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a pathogen that? |
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| infects the lining of blood vessels and leads to leaking of plasma into tissue. |
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| Scrub typhus is caused by? |
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| Orientia tsutsugamushi |
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| Rickettsia prowazekii is transmitted by? |
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| the human body louse Pediculus humanus |
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| What is TRUE about Ehrlichia? |
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| The organism resproduces inside the host's phagosomes, it is transmitted by ticks, it has three stages: elementary body, initial body, and morula, it is emergin infectious disease |
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| What is FALSE about Ehrlichia? |
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| It usually causes a spotted rash similar to Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
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| Epidemic typhus can recall many yeas after an initial episode; the recurrent disease is called? |
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| Brill-Zinsser disease |
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| What disease is considered an emerging disease b/c it was unknown before 1987? |
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| human monocytic ehrlichiosis |
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| What microorganisms have been referred to as energy parasites? |
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| chlamydias |
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| Endosomes filled with multiplying chlamydia are known as? |
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| inclusion bodies |
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Which of the following pairs is MISMATCHED? A)elementary bodies-dormant noninfectious form B)reticulate bodies-replicate via binary fission in endosomes C)reticulate bodies- large variable shape D)inclusion bodies-RB filled endosomes E)elementary bodies- small cocci |
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| A)elementary bodies-dormant noninfectious form |
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| What pathogen causes the most commonly reported sexually transmitted disease in the US. |
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| Chlamydia trachomatis |
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| The most specific method for diagnosing chlamydia is by? |
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| demonstrating the presence of the pathogen in cell culture by means of fluorescent antibodies |
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| The sexually transmitted form of chlamydia? |
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| is caused by the LGV strain of Chlamydia trachomatis |
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| What is an intracellular parasite of humans that usually causes a mild pneumonia? |
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| Chlamydophila pneumoniae |
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| What is TRUE regarding trachoma? |
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| It leads to corneal scarring, it is the leading cause of nontraumatic blindness in humans, infants may contract the disease while passing through and infected birth canal, and it first infects the conjenctiva and kills cells there |
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| What is FALSE regarding trachoma? |
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| it is most often a disease of adults who suffer from sexually transmitted chlamydia |
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| Sexually transmitted chlamydia is similar to infection with Yersinia pestis in that they both produce? |
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| buboes |
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Which of the following pairs is MISMATCHED? A)Chlamydophila psittaci- endocarditis B)Chlamydia trachomatis- nongonococcal urethritis C)Chlamydia trachomatis- pneumonia D)Chlamydia psittaci- parrot fever E)Chlamydophila pneumoniae-sinusitis |
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| C)Chlamydia trachomatis- pneumonia |
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| What is TRUE regarding spirochetes? |
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| They are able to penetrate a host's tissues |
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| What microorganism gets its name form its resemblance to coiled hairs? |
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| spirochetes |
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| What is a zoonosis caused by a spirochete? |
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| leptospirosis |
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| Treponema pallidum can be trasmitted? |
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| Through sexual intercourse and from and infected mother to her unborn child |
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| What is TRUE concerning syphilis? |
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| it is seen only in humans, it is thought to have originated in Western Hemisphere, untreated, the disease goes through 4 stages, latency of the disease may last 30 years or more. |
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| What is FALSE concerning syphilis? |
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| Its causative agent, Treponema pallidum, is easy to culture in the lab |
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| The typical lesion of primary syphilis is? |
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| a painless reddened lesion called a chancre at the site of infection |
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| Diagnosis of Treponema pallidum is best made by? |
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| using specific antibody tests against T. pallidum antigens |
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| The signs and symmptoms of infection with Helicobacter pylori are the result of? |
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| invasion by H.pylori into the mucosa of the stomach |
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| What characteristic of Borrelia burgdorferi makes it an unusual bacterium? |
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| it utilizes manganese instead of iron in its proeins and enzymes |
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| Leptospira interrogans gets its name from? |
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| the fact that one endof the spirochete is curved like a question mark |
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| What characteristic does Vibrio share with Salmonella? |
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| both have O polysaccaride antigens |
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| The most important virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae is? |
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| its ability to produce a potent exotoxin |
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| A young woman who was recently hiking in the mountains and discovered a tick on her torso has a fever that came on quite suddenly. She has no rash, but she develops leukopenia. What disease is she most likely to have contracted? |
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| anaplasmosis |
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| Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by what organism? |
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| Chlamydia trachomatis |
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| Epidemic typhus is caused by what organism? |
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| Rickettsia prowazekii |
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| Ornithosis is caused by what organism? |
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| Chlamydophila psittaci |
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| Pinta is caused by what organism? |
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| Treponema carateum |
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| Epidemic relapsing fever is caused by what organism? |
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| Borrelia recurrentis |
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| Common cause of bacterial gastorenteritis is caused by what organism? |
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| Campylobacter jejuni |
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| Gastroenteritis from contaminated shellfish is caused by what organism? |
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| Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
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| Peptic ulcers is caused by what organism? |
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| Helicobacter pylori |
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| Syphilis is caused by what organism? |
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| Treponema pallidum pallidum |
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| Yaws is caused by what organism? |
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| Treponema pallidum pertenue |
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| Chlamydophila pneumoniae is suspected fo causing arteriosclerosis. |
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| TRUE |
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| T/F All of the rickettsias are zoonoses. |
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| FALSE |
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| T/F Campylobacter gastroenteritis is usually caused by ingestion of contaminated poultry. |
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| TRUE |
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| T/F Vibrio vulnificus causes septicemia that is self-limiting and rarely fatal. |
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| FALSE |
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| T/F A positive urease test from a gastric secretion is definite identification of Helicobacter pylori. |
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| FALSE |
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| T/F All stages of Ixodes, the vector for Lyme disease, may feed on humans. |
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| TRUE |
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| T/F Small doses of antimicrobial agents are very effective in treating the late stages of Borrelia infection b/c most of the symptoms result from immune responses. |
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| FALSE |
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| T/F The cholera toxin is a potent exotoxin composed of five identical B subunits and one A subunit. |
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| TRUE |
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| T/F An expanding rash that resembles a bull's-eye is characteristic of secondary syphilis. |
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| FALSE |
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| T/F Humans are the only hosts for Rickettsia rickettsii. |
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| Eating shellfish contaminated with ___ can lead to potentially fatal septicemia. |
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| Vibrio vulnificus |
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| The intracellular parasite ____ can infect newborns' eyes at the time of birth and may cause blindness. |
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| chlamydia trachomatis |
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| Secondary infections with Clostridium may occur with _____. |
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| Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) |
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| _____ IS fatal to its vector within 2-3 weeks, preventing transovarian transmission. |
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| Rickettsia prowazekii |
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| ____ is transmitted to humans by mites infected with Orientia. |
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| Scrub typhus |
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| _____ is a disease of birds that can be transmitted to humans. |
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| Ornithosis |
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| The infectious form of chlamydia is ______ . |
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| the elementary body |
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| ______ is the bacterium associated with peptic ulcer disease. |
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| Helicobacter pylori |
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| The characteristic late stage of lesion of sexually transmitted chlamydia LGV is known as _____ . |
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| lymphoaranuloma venereum |
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| The characteristic lesions for tertiary syphilis is presence of ___ in bones, in nervous tissue, or on the skin. |
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| gummas |
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| _____ is a nonveneral reponemal disease transmitted by contaminated eating utensils and primarily affects children in Africa, Asia, and Australia. |
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| Bejel |
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| ____ is an unusual bacterium that lacks iron-containing enzymes and proteins and causes Lyme disease in humans. |
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| Borrelia burgdorferi |
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| Relapsing fever is caused by a spirochete known as _____ , which is capable of frequently changing its antigenic surgace components. |
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| Borrelia recurrentis |
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| ____ grows on a special medium enriched with rabbit serum or bovine serum albumin. |
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| Leptospira interrogans |
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| The normal habitat for ___ is salt water. |
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| Vibrio cholerae |
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| What is transovarian transmission? |
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| is a mode of transmmission seen in ticks and some other vectors. In the case of trasmission of Rickettsia rickettsii by ticks, the infected female passes the bacterium to the eggs in her ovary, producing a new generation infected with the bacterium. This mode of transmission contributes to the spread of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), caused by R. rickettsii. |
