micro 4 – Space – Flashcards
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Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages, except A. flagella. B. cilia. C. fimbriae. D. periplasmic flagella (axial filaments). E. sex pili.
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B. cilia.
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Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called A. flagella. B. cilia. C. fimbriae. D. periplasmic flagella. E. sex pili.
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D. periplasmic flagella.
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The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called A. flagella. B. cilia. C. fimbriae. D. periplasmic flagella E. sex pili.
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C. fimbriae.
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The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular appendages called A. flagella. B. cilia. C. fimbriae. D. periplasmic flagella (axial filaments). E. sex pili.
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E. sex pili.
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All bacterial cells have A. a chromosome. B. fimbriae. C. endospores. D. capsules. E. flagella.
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A. a chromosome
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The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is A. amphitrichous. B. atrichous. C. lophotrichous. D. monotrichous. E. peritrichous.
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E. peritrichous.
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The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the cell's A. ribosomes. B. inclusions. C. cell wall. D. cell membrane. E. flagella.
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C. cell wall.
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The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be A. material would not be able to cross the cell membrane. B. protein synthesis would stop. C. destruction of the cell's DNA. D. formation of glycogen inclusions. E. loss of capsule.
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B. protein synthesis would stop
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A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has A. fimbriae. B. capsule. C. mesosomes. D. flagella. E. metachromatic granules.
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D. flagella.
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Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized? A. slime layer B. fimbriae C. cell membrane D. capsule E. All of the choices are correct
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D. capsule
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If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment, the cell structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is A. endospore. B. cell wall. C. cell membrane. D. capsule.
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B. cell wall
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Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial A. cell walls. B. cell membranes. C. capsules. D. slime layers. E. inclusions.
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A. cell walls
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All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause disease, except A. inclusions. B. the fimbriae. C. the capsule. D. the slime layer. E. the outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls.
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A. inclusions
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A procaryotic cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid is A. gram-negative. B. gram-positive. C. archaea. D. spheroplast. E. acid fast.
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B. gram-positive
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A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is A. Mycobacterium. B. Mycoplasma. C. Streptococcus. D. Corynebacterium. E. Salmonella.
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A. Mycobacterium
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All of the following pertain to endotoxins, except they A. are specific bacterial cell wall lipids. B. can stimulate fever in the human body. C. can cause shock in the human body. D. are involved in typhoid fever and some meningitis cases. E. are found in acid fast bacterial cell walls.
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E. are found in acid fast bacterial cell walls.
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The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobacterium and Nocardia compared to the typical gram-positive bacterial cell wall structure is A. more peptidoglycan. B. predominance of unique, waxy lipids. C. easily decolorized. D. presence of lipopolysaccharide. E. All of the choices are correct.
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B. predominance of unique, waxy lipids
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Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of A. gram-negative bacteria. B. gram-positive bacteria. C. acid fast bacteria. D. mycoplasmas. E. protoplasts.
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A. gram-negative bacteria
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The periplasmic space is A. larger in gram-positive bacteria. B. made up of lipopolysaccharides and phospholipids. C. an important reaction site for substances entering and leaving the cell. D. where peptidoglycan is located. E. absent in gram-negative bacteria.
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C. an important reaction site for substances entering and leaving the cell.
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Which of the following, pertaining to prokaryotic cell membranes, is mismatched? A. internal folds - mesosomes B. sterols present - mycoplasmas C. form a bilayer - phospholipids D. unique hydrocarbon present - cyanobacteria E. function - regulates transport of nutrients and wastes
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D. unique hydrocarbon present - cyanobacteria
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21. The site/s for most ATP synthesis in prokaryotic cells is/are the A. ribosomes. B. mitochondria. C. cell wall. D. inclusions. E. cell membrane.
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E. cell membrane.
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The bacterial chromosome A. is located in the cell membrane. B. contains all the cell's plasmids. C. is part of the nucleoid. D. forms a single linear strand of DNA. E. All of the choices are correct.
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C. is part of the nucleoid.
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Which is mismatched? A. ribosomes - protein synthesis B. inclusions - excess cell nutrients and materials C. plasmids - genes essential for growth and metabolism D. nucleoid - hereditary material E. cytoplasm - dense, gelatinous solution
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C. plasmids - genes essential for growth and metabolism
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Magnetosomes are A. infoldings of the cell membrane. B. termed metachromatic granules. C. responsible for the heat resistance of endospores. D. composed of magnetic iron oxide particles. E. found in all bacteria.
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D. composed of magnetic iron oxide particles.
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The function of bacterial endospores is A. to convert gaseous nitrogen to a usable form for plants. B. for reproduction and growth. C. for protection of genetic material during harsh conditions. D. the storage of excess cell materials. E. to have sites for photosynthesis.
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C. for protection of genetic material during harsh conditions.
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Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure? A. cell wall B. capsule C. slime layer D. nucleoid E. endospore
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E. endospore
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Endospores are A. metabolically inactive. B. resistant to heat and chemical destruction. C. resistant to destruction by radiation. D. living structures. E. All of the choices are correct.
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E. All of the choices are correct.
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Bacterial endospores are not produced by A. Staphylococcus. B. Sporosarcina. C. Bacillus. D. Clostridium. E. All of the choices are correct.
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A. Staphylococcus
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Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shapes? A. coccus B. tetrad C. vibrio D. rod E. spirochete
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Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shapes? A. coccus B. tetrad C. vibrio D. rod E. spirochete
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Which statement is not a characteristic of biofilms? A. They can be involved with human disease. B. They involve bacteria only. C. They evolve and adapt to their surroundings. D. They are very difficult to eliminate with antimicrobials.
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B. They involve bacteria only
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An important indicator of evolutionary relatedness is to determine A. size of the periplasmic space. B. similarities of cell membrane proteins. C. size of the bacterial chromosome. D. nitrogen base sequence of rRNA. E. size of the ribosomes.
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D. nitrogen base sequence of rRNA.
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Which phylum is mismatched? A. Gracilicutes - gram-negative cell walls B. Firmicutes - gram-positive cell walls C. Actinobacteria - waxy acid fast cell walls D. Proteobacteria - archaea cell walls E. None of the choices are correct
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C. Actinobacteria - waxy acid fast cell walls
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Which is mismatched? A. Chlamydias - lack ability to independently complete growth and metabolism B. Green sulfur bacteria - photosynthetic anaerobes that use sulfur in metabolism C. Cyanobacteria - filamentous, gliding, thermophilic bacteria D. Myxobacteria - gliding, fruiting, slime bacteria E. None of the choices are correct
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C. Cyanobacteria - filamentous, gliding, thermophilic bacteria
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The presence of thylakoids, phycocyanin, gas inclusions, and cysts would be associated with A. green sulfur bacteria. B. cyanobacteria. C. purple sulfur bacteria. D. archaea. E. spirochetes.
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B. cyanobacteria
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When a rod shaped bacteria is short and plump, it is called a: A. spirochete. B. pleomorphism. C. vibrio. D. coccobacillus. E. spirillum.
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D. coccobacillus.
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Sarcinae refers to A. cocci in pairs. B. a cuboidal packet of cells. C. groups of endopsores. D. coffee-bean shaped rods in pairs. E. vibrios in threes.
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B. a cuboidal packet of cells.
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What is the correct sequence for a Gram stain? A. Gram's iodine, crystal violet, alcohol, safranin B. crystal violet, safranin, alcohol, Gram's iodine C. crystal violet, Gram's iodine, alcohol, safranin D. safranin, crystal violet, Gram's iodine, alcohol E. alcohol, crystal violet, safranin, Gram's iodine
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C. crystal violet, Gram's iodine, alcohol, safranin
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All of the following are correct about biofilms, except A. they are cooperative associations among several microbial groups. B. they play an important role in recycling elements in the earth. C. they can colonize medical devices. D. an example could be the scum that builds up in toilet bowls. E. they are harmless aggregations of microbes.
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E. they are harmless aggregations of microbes.
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Bacteria with small bunches of flagella emerging from the same site are said to be A. lophotrichous. B. peritrichous. C. monotrichous. D. amphitrichous. E. spirilla.
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A. lophotrichous.
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All of the following are correct about a slime layer, except A. it is a type of glycocalyx. B. it can be easily washed off the cell. C. it protects the cell from loss of water and nutrients. D. it plays a role in cell motility. E. it allows cells to participate in biofilms.
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D. it plays a role in cell motility.
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Lysozyme, an enzyme found in tears, provides a natural defense against bacteria by A. hydrolyzing peptidoglycan in cell walls. B. inhibiting protein synthesis. C. removing flagella. D. dissolving the cell membrane. E. removing the capsule from outside the cell.
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A. hydrolyzing peptidoglycan in cell walls.
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In the Gram stain, the mordant is A. crystal violet. B. safranin. C. alcohol. D. water. E. iodine.
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E. iodine.
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Which cell structure is an important agent in modern genetic engineering techniques? A. ribosomes B. capsules C. plasmids D. inclusions E. mesosomes
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C. plasmids
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A microoganism has been described to you as living in hot acidic habitats in the waste piles of coal mines that regularly sustain a pH of 1 and a temperature of nearly 60°C. Which type of organism do you immediately assume it is? A. Gracillucates B. Firmicutes C. Actinobacteria D. Archaea E. Spirochaetes
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D. Archaea
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Which of the following is mismatched? A. Rickettsia rickettsii: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever B. Rickettsia typhi: endemic typhus C. Chlamydia trachomatis: blindness D. Coxiella burnetti: Cow pox E. All of these are correct associations
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D. Coxiella burnetti: Cow pox
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46. Which of the following characteristics is not a property of cells or living things? A. Cell boundary B. Ability to replicate C. Nucleus D. Responds to stimulus E. All of the choices are correct
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C. Nucleus
