MGT 473 Ch 7-10 – Flashcards
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Traditional Training methods
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*Require an instructor *involve face-to-face interactions
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Presentation method
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(Audio & Audio Visual) Methods in which trainees are passive recipients of information. Includes facts, process, and problem solving methods
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Lecture
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*Trainers communicate through spoken words. *Easy for large groups *Least Expensive
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Audio Visual Instruction
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Overheads, slides and Video *Used for improving comm, interviewing and customer service skills
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Hands-on Methods
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training methods that require the trainee to be actively involved in learning.
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OJT
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New or inexperienced workers learn work by observation of peers or managers and trying to imitate their behavior
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Principles of OJT
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Preparing for Instruction Actual Instruction Transfer of Training Evaluation
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Self-directed Learning
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Employees- take responsibility for all aspects of learning. Determine when conducted Trainers- serve as facilitators
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Apprenticeship
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A work-study training method with both OJT and classroom training
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Simulation
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Represents a real life situation with decisions resulting in what would happen on the job
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Case Study
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Description about how employees or an organization dealt with a difficult situation
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Process for Case Development
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1. Identify a story 2. Gather info 3. Prepare a story outline 4. Decide on administrative issues 5. Prepare case materials
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Business Games
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Require trainees to gather info, analyze it and make decisions *Primarily used for management skill development *Ask questions after on how it applies to work
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Role Plays
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Trainees act out characters assigned to them *take roles such as MGR, Labor, disengaged employee and explore what is involved in each role
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Behavior Modeling
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*Demonstrate key behaviors to replicate *Provides trainees with opportunity to practice behaviors
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Vicarious Reinforcement
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Occurs when a trainee sees a model receiving reinforcement for using certain procedures
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Key Behavior
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Set of behaviors necessary to complete task
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Modeling Display
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Key behaviors for trainees to practice to develop the same set of behaviors.
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Application Planning
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Prepares trainees to use behaviors on the job
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Experiential Learning
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1. Gaining conceptual knowledge 2. Taking part in behavioral simulation 3. Analyzing the activity 4. Connecting theory and activity to real life
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Adventure Learning
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Focus on the development of teamwork and leadership skills through structured activities. ex. wilderness training, outdoor training, ropes course, drum circles.
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Action Learning
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Solve an actual problem Commit to an action plan
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Six Sigma
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Quality goal of no more than 3.4 defects for every million *Green belt, Champion, Blackbelt
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Kaizen
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Focuses on continuous improvement of business processes
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Technology Training
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Makes it possible to: *Reduce costs associated with training *Increase effectiveness *Help training contribute to business goals
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Digital Collaboration
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Use of technology to enhance and extend employees abilities to work together no matter geo proximity
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Synchronous Communication
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Trainers, experts & learners interact w/ each other live
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Asynchronous Communication
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Non real-time interactions
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Bandwidth
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Number of bytes and bits that can travel between computers per second
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Plug-ins
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Additional software that needs to be loaded on the computer for sound, video, functions
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Rapid prototyping
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An interactive process in which initial design ideas are proposed and provided in rough form in an online working prototype that is reviewed and refined by design team members
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Repurposing
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Directly translating an intructer led, face to face program into online format
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Learner Control
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Giving trainees the option to learn actively though self pacing, exercises etc.
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Wiki
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Website that allows many users to create, edit & update
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Microblog
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Software looks like twitter. *comm in short bursts of text or links
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Shared Media
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Audio or video such as Youtube that can be accessed and shared with others.
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Avatars
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Computer people to immitate coaches, workers, customers
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Intelligent Tutoring Systems(ITS)
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Instructional systems that use artificial intelligence *3 types: Tutoring, Coaching, Empowering
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Interactive distance learing(IDL)
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Allows trainees to respond during program
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Expert Systems
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Technology that organizes and applies the knowledge of human experts to specific problems
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Electronic Performance Support System(EPSS)
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An electronic infrastructure that captures, stores, and distributes individual and corporate knowledge assets throughout an organization
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Human Capital MGT
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Integrates training with all aspects of the human resource function to determine how: *Training dollars are spent *Training expenses translate into business dollars for the company
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Cross training
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Team members understand and practice each other's skills
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Leader training
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Training for team manager or facilitator
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Guided team self-correction
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Emphasizes continuous learning and knowledge sharing in teams
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Which of the following statements is true of on-the-job training (OJT) ?
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Skills learned in OJT are easily transferred to the job.
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Development of effective self-directed learning typically begins with:
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conducting a job analysis to identify the tasks that must be covered.
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In a traditional learning environment, ________.
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experts and resource materials were seperate from the learning environment
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The use of simulations has been limited by their _____.
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high development costs
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of online learning ?
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Online learning lacks communication richness.
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YouTube is a typical example for _____.
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Shared media
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____ typically provides opportunities for learners to practice, ask questions, and interact with other listeners and peers both face-to-face and online.
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Blended learning
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Which of the following statement is true of business games ?
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In business games, several alternative courses of action are available to trainees.
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________ refers to directly translating an instructor-led, face-to-face training program to an online format.
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Re purposing
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The first and the most important step in choosing a training method is to identify the:
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Type of learning outcome the training should influence.
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If companies have a limited budget for developing new training methods, the most appropriate hands-on training method will be _____.
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on-the-job training
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_________ best prepares team members to step in and take the place of a member who may temporary or permanently leave the team.
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Cross training
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_________ allow companies to track the number of employees who have completed that are required to meet state, federal, or professional regulations (compliance training).
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Learning management systems
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Which of the following is a presentation method of training?
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Lecture
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In the context of maximizing the benefits of learner control, trainees should:
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be allowed to control the sequence in which they receive instruction.
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Online training is best provided:
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by using one-to two-hour training modules rather than a full-day training session.
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Which of the following requires least participation from trainees?
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Audiovisual instruction
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_______ refers to the learner"s involvement with the training materials and assessing their progress towards learning.
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Self-regulation
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Which of the following statements is true of technology's influence on training and learning?
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New technologies give employees access to and control of their own learning through relationships and collaborations with others.
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Development
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Formal education, job experiences, relationships and assessments of personality that help employees perform effectively
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Protean Career
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Based on self direction, with the goal of psychological success in one's work
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Psychological success
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Feeling of pride of achieving goals
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Development planning or Career mgt system
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System to retain and motivate employees by identifying and helping to meet their development needs
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Self assessment
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Use of info by employee to determine their career interests, values, aptitudes and behavior
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Reality check
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info employee receives about how the company evaluates their skills and knowledge and how they fit into the companies plans
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Action plan
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plan on how goals will be met
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Approaches to employee development
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*Formal education *Assessment *Job experiences *Interpersonal relationships
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Formal Education
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off site programs MBA programs University programs
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Assessment
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Collecting info Providing feedback to employees about comm style, values and skills
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Leaderless group discussions
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team of 5-7 employees assigned a problem and must work together
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In-baskets
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Simulation of administrative tasks on managers job
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Role plays
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take part of manager
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Job enlargement
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refers to adding challenges or new responsibilities to an employees current job
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Job rotation
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move from diff jobs to diff jobs in diff areas
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Transfer
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employee given diff jobs in diff area of company
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Promotions
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Advancement into position with more responsibilities
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Externships
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Refers to company allowing employees to take a full time operational job in another company
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Sabbaticals
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leave of absence from the company to renew or develop skills
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9 box grid
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3 by 3 grid for managers to company employees with dept, function, area, etc.
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Onboarding
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The process of helping new hires adjust to social and performance aspects of their new jobs
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What is the difference between training and development?
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Training- focuses on preparing employees for current jobs Development- prepares them for other positions in the company
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An employees protean career:
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is based on the feeling and pride that comes from achieving life goals
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_____ Refers to to use of info by employees to determine their career interests, aptitudes, and behavioral tendencies.
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Self-assessment
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In the ____ stage of the career mgt process, employees receive info on how the company evaluates their skills and knowledge and where they fit into the company's plans.
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Reality check
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The ___ is a personality test uses for team building and leadership development that identifies employees preferences for energy, info gathering, decision making and lifestyle.
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Myers-Briggs Type Inventory
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An in basket is typically designed to measure ___ of a manger.
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Administrative skills
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In assessment centers, scheduling exercises typically evaluate employees ___
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Problem solving abilities
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In upward feedback, managers or skills are evaluates by
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subordinates
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limitation of 360 feedback
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Facilitator is needed to help interpret the results
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Sending employees on international assignments and projects is an example of
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Job experience
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Job enlargement refers to the process of:
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adding challenges or new responsibilities to a current job
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____ gives employees a series of job assignments in various functional areas of the company or movement among jobs in a single functional area or dept
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Job Rotation
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Which of the following is a negative outcome of job rotation
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It creates short term perspective on problems and solutions
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Which is true of transfers as part of job experiences
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It refers to lateral movement to a job with similar responsibilities
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_____ allow employees more time for personal pursuit such as writing a book
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Sabbaticals
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Employee development need or goal of job rotation is to:
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Learn about another function, division or product in the same organization
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___ is a type of interpersonal relationship approach to development which a senior employee helps develop 4-6 less experienced employees
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Group mentoring program
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Which of the following is a characteristic of successful formal mentoring programs?
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Mentor and protege relationship lasts beyond the formal period.
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The process of developing a succession plan typically begins with:
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Identifying the position included in the plan
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Sector partnerships
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Government agencies that *Help identify the skills that local employers require *Work with colleges, universities to provide qualified employees
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Workforce investment act of 1998
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Created a comprehensive workforce investment system
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Life long learning account(LiLA)
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An account for adult education into which both the employee and the company contribute and the employee keeps.
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Copyrights
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Protect the expression of an idea but not the ideas the material contains
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Title VII of Civil Rights Act
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makes it illegal to deny minorities from employment due to race, color, religion, national origin, gender
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Age discrimination in employment act(ADEA)
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Prohibits discrimination against persons who are age 40 or older
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Americans with disability act(ADA)
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prohibit anyone with disability being discriminated against
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Inclusion
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Created an environment in which employees share a sense of belonging, mutual respect, and commitment from others so they can perform their best work
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Diversity training
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designed to change employees attitudes about diversity and develop skills for a diverse workforce
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Glass ceiling
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barrier of advancement to women
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Expatriates
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Work in a company other than their country of origin
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Cross-cultural stages
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Pre departure on site phase Repatriation phase
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Repatriation
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Prepares expatriates for return to the parent company from a foreign assignment
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Virtual expatriates
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Employees ho have an assignment to manage an operation abroad without being located permanently in that country
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4 stages of employe career
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Exploration Establishment Maintenance Decline
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Telecommuting
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gives employees flexibility to both work location and hours
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Compressed workweek
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fewer days but longer hourse: 4 10's
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Flextime
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When worker wants to come in and leave
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Job sharing
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Having 2 employees divide the hours, the responsibilities and benefits of a full-time job
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Dual-career path system
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Enables employees to remain in a technical or sales career path or move into a mgt career path
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Career recycling
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Involves ones major work activity after having been established in a specific field
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Job hopping
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employees changing jobs, usually between companies, every 2 to 3 years
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Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment (USERA)
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covers deployed employees rights such as guaranteeing job when they return
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Phased retirement
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Involves employees transitioning from full time to full time retirement by working part time
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The Cedian Government employment agency and the steel industry's trade groups work along with local colleges to match skill of employees. This arrangement is...
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Sector partnership
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The cornerstone of the ____ system is a one-stop service delivery, which unifies numerous training, education, and employment programs into single, customer friendly community
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Workforce investment
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Which of the following is true about LiLA's
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Employees will receive 25% tax credit on their contributions to these accounts.
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A legal action action against a company will be invalid when:
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The company uses small amounts of copyrighted material
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Which of the following is considered as a discrimination based on disability?
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Excluding a person with a disability from training in relation to a function that may be performed in the job but does not have to be performed by all persons.
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Which of following is a characteristic associated with the long-term success of diversity programs?
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Diversity programs and evaluated using metrics such as sales and promotion rates
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The ____ refers to a barrier advancement to higher level jobs in the company that adversely affects women and minorities
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Glass ceiling
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An expatriate is an employe:
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who works in a country other than his/her own
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The best way to provide cross-cultural training fr international assignments with a high level of cultural and job novelty that require a good deal of interpersonal interaction with host nationals is through:
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Group-building method
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Which of the following causes overseas assignments to fail?
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Emphasizing on developing employees' technical skills over cross cultural preparation
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___ prepares expatriates for return to the parent company and home country from the foreign assignment.
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Repatriation
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Which of the following is true of repatriation?
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Employees may leave the company is the assignments given to them upon returning to their home country have less responsibility
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____ refers to employees who have an assignment to manage an operation abroad without being located in that country
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Virtual expatriates
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of virtual expatriates?
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The lack a strong personal relationship with the employees
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The establishment stage of employee's career involves:
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Finding employment, achieving more responsibility and financial success.
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In the ___ stage of employees careers, individuals are concerned with keeping their skills up to date and being perceived as someone who is still contributing to the company.
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Maintenance
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____ refers to having 2 employees divide the hours, responsibilities and the benefits of a full time job
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Job sharing
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___involves changing one's major work activity after having been established in a specific field
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Career recycling
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____ refers to employees changing jobs, usually between companies, every 2-3 years
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Job hopping
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of job hopping?
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Job hopping makes it difficult to sustain continuity in employee-customer relationships
