MGMT Ch 14 Flashcards

Research at three universities has confirmed that two basic leader behaviors, ______ and ______, are central to successful leadership. a. autonomous; participative b. employee-centered leadership; consideration c. concern for production; job-centered leadership d. initiating structure; consideration e. initiating structure; job-centered leadership

Which of the following is the best leadership style for all situations? a. middle of the road management b. none of these c. team management d. authority-compliance e. country club management

Fiedlers contingency theory assumes: a. leadership styles cannot be matched to the proper situation b. leaders are effective when their work groups perform well c. leaders should be judged according to how they perform--not how their subordinates perform d. favorable situations permit leaders to influence group members e. leaders can change their leadership styles to fit the situation

The most important situational factor in Fieldler's Contingency Theory is: a. Task structure b. Procedural power c. Position power d. Leader relations e. Leader-member relations

Which of the following approaches to implementing Fiedler's contingency theory in the workplace has proven effective? a. accurately measuring and matching leaders to situations b. only hiring supervisors with appropriate leadership traits c. arbitrary definition of situations d. teaching managers how to change situational favorableness e. creating standing plans concerning leader actions and reactions

Which of the following is NOT one of the four leadership styles identified in the path-goal theory of leadership? a. achievement-oriented b. directive c. participative d. charismatic e. supportive

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, __________ means setting challenging goals, having high expectations of employees, and displaying confidence that employees will assume responsibility and put forth extraordinary effort. a. directive leadership b. participative leadership c. supportive leadership d. empowerment leadership e. achievement-oriented leadership

The Vroom-Yetton-Jago Model is another name for the: a. contingency theory of leadership b. trait theory of leadership c. situational theory of leadership d. path-goal theory of leadership e. normative decision theory

Transactional leaders: a. are accurately described by all of these b. help followers see how their jobs fit with the organization's vision c. motivate followers by providing them with meaningful and challenging work d. pay special attention to individual needs by creating learning opportunities e. reward followers for good behavior and punish followers for poor behavior

____is the process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals. a. leadership b. management c. supervision d. autonomy e. interpersonal influence

Which of the following statements about leaders and managers is true? a. All of these statements about leaders and managers are true. b. Most organizations place greater emphasis on leadership than on management. c. Organizations need both leaders and managers. d. Leaders are critical to getting out the day-to-day work. e. Managers are critical to inspiring employees and setting long-term direction.

Relatively stable characteristics such as abilities, psychological motives, or consistent patterns of behavior, form the basis for the ____ of leadership. a. path-goal theory b. behavioral theory c. trait theory d. expectancy theory e. situational theory

Which one of the following traits refers to high levels of effort and is characterized by achievement, motivation, ambition, energy, tenacity, and initiative? a. Drive b. self-confidence c. motivational cues d. desire to lead e. Charisma

Successful business leaders are not like other people. Successful business leaders ____. a. have emotional stability b. are self-confident c. are knowledgeable about business d. are accurately described by all of these e. have a desire to lead

Which of the following is another term for considerate leadership behavior? a. participative management b. concern for production c. job-centered leadership d. initiating structure behavior e. employee-centered leadership

Research shows that while initiating structure impacts primarily on ____, consideration impacts primarily on ____. a. job performance; motivational drive b. job performance; job satisfaction c. job satisfaction; job performance d. job description; job specification e. job satisfaction; worker synergy

Which of the following statements about the two basic leader behaviors that are central to successful leadership is true? a. These behaviors are referred to as initiating structure and consideration. b. The worst leadership style entails the use of both behaviors in equal amounts. c. These behaviors are dependent, meaning that leaders can only do one at a time. d. Most effective leaders select one behavior, adopt it, and maintain that style of leadership for their entire careers. e. The best leadership style entails high levels of both of these behaviors.

Which of the following is an example of a situational theory of leadership? a. equity theory of leadership b. charismatic theory c. stimulus-response theory d. trait theory e. Fiedler's contingency theory

Which of the following leadership theories assumes that leadership styles are consistent and difficult to change? a. normative decision theory b. the Vroom theory c. path-goal theory d. none of these e. the status quo theory of leadership

In Fiedler's contingency theory, the term ____ refers to the degree to which leaders are able to hire, fire, reward, and punish workers. a. situational unfavorableness b. task structure c. position power d. situational favorableness e. leader-member relations

In Fiedler's contingency theory, the term ____ refers to the degree to which a particular situation either permits or denies a leader the chance to influence the behavior of group members. a. position power b. task structure c. leader-member relations d. situational favorableness e. task favorableness

Which of the following approaches to implementing Fiedler's contingency theory in the workplace has proven effective? a. teaching managers how to change situational favorableness b. only hiring supervisors with appropriate leadership traits c. creating standing plans concerning leader actions and reactions d. arbitrary definition of situations e. accurately measuring and matching leaders to situations

Which of the following is an example of an environmental contingency in path-goal theory? a. task structure b. locus of control c. subordinate experience d. subordinate performance e. perceived ability

According to the path-goal theory, which of the following is an example of an environmental contingency? a. perceived ability b. subordinate satisfaction c. the formal authority system d. locus of control e. focus of subordinate

The normative decision theory ____. a. helps managers determine how much employee participation should be used in decision making b. assumes leaders are generally unable to change their leadership style c. states that the situation determines what leadership style to use d. assumes leader behavior can be fitted to subordinate characteristics e. assumes that certain inalienable characteristics determine the most effective leaders

The two types of visionary leadership are ____. a. transformational leadership and transactional leadership b. situational leadership and transactional leadership c. situational leadership and strategic leadership d. tactical leadership and charismatic leadership e. charismatic leadership and transformational leadership

____ refers to the behavioral tendencies and personal characteristics of leaders that create an exceptionally strong relationship between them and their followers. a. Transformational leadership b. Transactional leadership c. Consideration leadership d. Leadership empowerment e. Charismatic leadership

Charismatic leaders generally ____. a. have strong coercive and reward power b. are accurately described by none of these c. base their influence on an exchange process in which followers are rewarded for good performance and punished for poor performance d. articulate a vision based on strongly held values e. have trouble delegating

Transformational leaders ____. a. help followers see how their jobs fit with the organization's vision b. encourage followers to make sacrifices for the organization c. get employees to see beyond their own needs for the good of the group d. are accurately described by all of these e. are able to make their followers feel they are a vital part of the organization

Transactional leaders ____. a. motivate followers by providing them with meaningful and challenging work b. pay special attention to individual needs by creating learning opportunities c. reward followers for good behavior and punish followers for poor behavior d. help followers see how their jobs fit with the organization's vision e. are accurately described by all of these