Medical Terminology – Ch 6 (Lymphatic & Immune Systems – Flashcards

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anti
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against
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carcin/o
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cancer
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immun/o
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protected
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lymph/o
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Lymph; the fluid that removes cellular waste products, pathogens, and dead blood cells from the tissues.
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lymphaden/o
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lyphaden
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lymphangi/o
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Lymphatic Vessels and Ducts; Returns lymph from the tissue to the circulatory system.
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megaly
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abnormal enlargement
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rrhagia
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bleeding
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plasm
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formation
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sarc/o
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flesh
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splen/o
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Spleen; Filters foreign materials from the blood. Maintains the appropriate balance between cells and plasma in the blood. Destryos worn-out blood cells, releases hemoglobin, acts as a blood reservoir, and stores platelets.
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tic
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pertaining to
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tox/o
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poison
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tonsill/o, adenoid/o
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Tonsils and Adenoids; Protect the entry into the respiratory system.
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myel/o
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Bone Marrow; Produces blood cells. (also refers to the spinal cord.)
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lymphocyt/o
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Lymphocytes; The specialized white blood cells that play an important role in immune reactions.
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thym/o
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Thymus; Secretes the endocrine thymosin that aids in the maturation of T lymphocytes for use by the immune system.
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immuno/o
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Immune System; Defends the body against harmful substances, such as pathogenic microorganisms, allergens, toxins and malignant cells.
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onc
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tumor
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cervic
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neck
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axill
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ary
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inguin
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groin
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hem/o
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blood
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lytic
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to destroy
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lymphaden
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lymph node
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pathy
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disease
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oma
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tumor
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edema
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swelling
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cytes
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cells
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macro
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large
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phage
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a cell that eats
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phag/o
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to eat or swallow
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therapy
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treatment
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bio
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life
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cide
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causing death
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static
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causing control
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neo
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new or strange
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my
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muscle
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angi/o
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vessel
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genesis
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reproduction
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meta
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beyond
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stasis
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stopping
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aden/o
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gland
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oste/o
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bone
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mammo/o
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breast
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graphy
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the process of producing a picture or record
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bi
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pertaining to life
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opsy
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view of
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mast
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breast
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ectomy
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surgical removal
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plast
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growth or formation
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brachy
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short
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tele
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distant
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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the most advanced, and fatal, stage of an HIV infection
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Allergen
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a substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual
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Anaphylaxis
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a severe response to an allergen in which the symptoms develop quickly, and without help, the patient can die within a few minutes.
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Antibiotic
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medications that are capable of inhibiting growth, or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms.
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Antibody
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a disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen
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Antifungal
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an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi
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Antigen
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any substanc that the body regards as being oreign, and includes viruses, bacteria, toxins, and transplanted tissues.
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antigen-antibody reaction
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a reaction that labels a potentially dangerous antigen so that it can be recognized, and destroyed, by other cells of the immune system.
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autoimmune disorder
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any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues.
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bacilli
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rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria
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bacteria
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one-celled microscopic organisms,some of which are pathogenic
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carcinoma
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a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
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carcinoma in situ
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describes a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues
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complement
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a group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form and are activated by contact with nonspecific antigens such as foreign blood cells or bacteria
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cytomegalovirus
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a member of the herpes virus family that cause a variety of diseases
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cytotoxic drug
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a medication that kills or damages cells
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ductal carcinoma in situ
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breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall of the mild duct
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hemolytic
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destroying worn-out red blood cells and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse
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herpes zoster
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an acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of an inflamed nerve
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Hodgkin's lymphoma
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distinguished from other lymphomas by the presence of large, cancerous lymphocytes known as Reed-Stenberg cells
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human immunodefiiency virus (HIV)
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a bloodborne infection in which the virus damages or kills the cells of the immune system, causing it to progressively fail
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immunodeficiency disorder
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occurs when the immune response is compromised
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immunoglobulins
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bind with specific antigens in te antigen-antibody response
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immunosuppressant
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a substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response
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immunotherpy
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a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response
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infectious mononucleosis
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an infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes
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inflitrating ductal carcinoma
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starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that duct, and invades the fatty breast tissue
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interferon
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a family of proteins produced by the T cells whose specialty is fighting viruses by slowing or stopping their multiplication
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lymphadenitis
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inflammation of the lymph nodes
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lymphangioma
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a benign tumor formed by an abnormal ollection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system
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lymphedema
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swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues
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lymphocytes
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white blood cells that are formed in the bone marrow as stem cells
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lymphokines
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direct the antigen-antibody response by signaling between the cells of the immune system
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lymphoma
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a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues
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lymphoscientigraphy
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a diagnostic test that is performed to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels
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macrophage
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a type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells
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malaria
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a disease caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes that is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito
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mammography
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a radiographic examination of the breasts to detect the presence of tumors or precancerous cells
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metastasis
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a new cancer site that results from the spreading process
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metastasize
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the process by which cancer spreads from one place to another
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myoma
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a benign tumor made up of muscle tissue
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Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
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the term used to describe all lymphomas other than Hodkin's lymphoma
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opportunistic infection
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caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans
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osteosarcoma
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a malignant tumor usually involving the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or knee
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parasite
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a plant or animal that lives on, or within, another living organism at the expense of that organism.
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pathogen
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a microorganism that causes a disease in humans
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rabies
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an acute viral infection that is most commonly transmitted to humans by the bite or saliva of an infected animal
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rickettsia
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a small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites
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rubella
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a viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine, pink rash
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sarcoma
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a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues, including hard tissues, soft tissues, and liquid tissues
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spirochetes
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spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement
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splenomegaly
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abnormal enlargement of the spleen
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staphylococci
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a group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes
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teletherapy
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radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body
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tetanus
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caused by the bacillus Clostridium tetani and is transmitted through a cut or wound
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toxoplasmosis
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a parasite which is most commonly transmitted from animals to humans by contact with contaminated feces
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varicella
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a viral condition characterized by a fever and a rash consisting of hundreds of itch, fluid-fleed blisters that burt and form crusts
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