Med Term Ch13: Nervous System and Mental Health – Flashcards
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Cerebellum
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part of the brain at the lower back of skull
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Phychologist
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health professional who does psychotherapy
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Psychiatrist
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physician who writes prescriptions and does therapy
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Neuron
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medical term for a nerve cell
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Stroke
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most common disorder of the nervous system
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Brain Stem
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connects the brain to the spinal cord
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Neurologist
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specialist in the study of the nervous system
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Cerebrum
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largest portion of the brain
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Blood-Brain Barrier
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protects brain from pathogens and toxins
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Convulsion
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caused by an excess of electrical brain stimulation
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Fainting
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also known as syncope
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Hypoalgesia
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decreased ability to feel pain
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Neuralgia
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general term for nerve pain
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Hyperesthesia
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an increased sensitivity to any touch or sound, as well as pain
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Hyperalglesia
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increased sensitivity only to pain
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Cephalalgia
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headache
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Meningitis
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infection of the brain coverings
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Neuritis
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inflammation of a nerve
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Neuroma
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tumor of nerve cell
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Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
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a stroke
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Hemiplegia
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refers to paralysis of one side of the body
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Encephalitis
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bacterial or viral infection of the brain
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Cerebral Embolism
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a blood clot that has traveled to the brain and can cause a stroke
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Polyneuritis
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inflammation of many nerves
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Meningioma
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a benign tumor of the membranes covering the brain
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Cerebral Aneurysm
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a weakness and bulging of an artery wall in the brain
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Bell Palsy
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paralysis of the facial nerve on one side of the face
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Narcolepsy
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suddenly falling asleep during the day
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
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hardening of spinal cord tissue causing muscle atrophy; progressive muscle atrophy; also called Lou Gehrig Disease
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Lou Gehrig Disease
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brain ALS
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Cerebral Palsy
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partial muscle paralysis due to birth defect
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Meningomyelocele
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protrusion of the meninges and SC through a defect in the spinal column
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Epilepsy
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a seizure disorder
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Meningocele
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protrusion of the SC meninges through a defect in the vertebrae
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Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
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a disorder caused by the destruction of the nerve sheath; disease in which muscle function fluctuates and decreases
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Quadriplegia
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refers to paralysis of all four limbs
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
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more serious form of concussion
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Alzheimer Disease
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deterioration of the brain with memory loss
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Concussion
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a blow to the head
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Parkinson Disease (PD)
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degenerative brain disease with tremors and a shuffling gait
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Autism
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disorder characterized by withdrawal form people and communication
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Poliomyelitis
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inflammation of the SC with paralysis
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Coma
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abnormal unconsciousness
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Paraplegia
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paralysis of the lower limbs
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Craniotomy
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cutting into the skull
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Ganglionectomy
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necessary to remove a growth of nerve tissue
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Radicotomy
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cutting a nerve root, usually to reduce pain
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Lumbar Puncture (LP)
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withdrawing a sample of CSF from the SC; withdrawal of fluid from the spinal canal
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Electroencephalography
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records the electrical activity of the brain
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Neurorrhaphy
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performed to join the cut ends, when a nerve in the arm or leg is cut
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EchoEG
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making an image of the brain using sound waves
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Vagotomy
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done to reduce stomach acid by cutting branches of the vagus nerve
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Deep Tendon Reflexes
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done by using a rubber mallet on tendons
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Myelogram
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an x-ray of the SC with contrast dye
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Anesthesia
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procedure of reducing pain during surgery
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Anticonvulsant
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drug that reduces or prevents seizures
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Anesthetist
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health professional trained to administer drugs that reduces sensation
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Psychiatry
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medical field that studies and treats mental and behavioral disorders
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Sedative
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medication that induces calm or sleep
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Antipyretic
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medication that reduces fever
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Narcotic
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medication that is derived from opium
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Tranquilizer
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medication that reduces anxiety
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Analgesic
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medication that reduces pain
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Clinical Psychology
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professional field of psychotherapy
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Pyromania
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person that loves to watch fires
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Psychosomatic Illness
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illness induced by the mind/stress
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Anxiety Disorder
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causes someone to be apprehensive and fearful
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Agoraphobia
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causes a person to be fearful of public places
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Dementia
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decreased mental function with confusion and memory loss
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Mania
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frenzied activity with sleeplessness is a sign of this
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Psychosis
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recognized by disorganized thoughts and detachment from reality
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Bipolar Disease
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a person with periods of mania alternating with periods of depression
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Schizophrenia
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someone with this has hallucinations and delusions
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
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severe emotional trauma that produces anxiety, paranoia, and sleeplessness
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Paranoia
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someone with this is mistrustful and combative
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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produces a short attention span and hyperactivity
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
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brain and SC
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Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs)
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movement when a tendon is hit with a rubber mallet
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Alzheimer Disease (AD)
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disease of forgetfulness
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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
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fluid that surrounds the SC
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Neurectomy
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surgical removal of a nerve
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Encephalomalacia
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softening of brain tissue
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Rhizotomy
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surgical incision into a nerve root
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Neurasthenia
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chronic fatigue and dysphoria
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Hyperalgesia
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excessive sensitivity to painful stimuli
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Monoplegia
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paralysis of one limb
